共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
有关瘤胃酸中毒发生机制研究表明,瘤胃乳酸的累积可能对酸中毒诱导起重要作用,而高精料日粮下瘤胃乳酸累积主要取决于瘤胃乳酸产生菌和乳酸利用菌间的平衡程度。本文综述了瘤胃微生物对乳酸的代谢机制,包括主要乳酸产生菌[溶纤维丁酸弧菌(Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens)、牛链球菌(Streptococcus bovis)、乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus)]和主要乳酸利用菌[反刍兽新月单胞菌(Selenomonus ruminantium)、埃氏巨型球菌(Megasphaera elsdenii)],并简要概述了酸中毒的调控方法,旨在为反刍动物瘤胃酸中毒的乳酸中毒机制深入解析提供参考。 相似文献
4.
5.
反刍动物瘤胃酸中毒机制解析及其营养调控措施 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
反刍动物瘤胃亚急性酸中毒(SARA)是现代集约化生产中常见的营养代谢病.“反刍动物SARA的发生和调控机制”是重要的科学问题,对其的进一步深入研究不仅在学术上有重要意义,而且对降低经济损失具有重要的现实意义.本文分析了国际上反刍动物瘤胃中毒研究的最新成果和进展,对其产生原因和机制以及预防措施进行了系统的阐述.本文深入探讨了引起瘤胃酸中毒的3个学说,“有机酸中毒学说”、“乳酸中毒学说”和“内毒素和组织胺中毒学说”;较为深入地解析了饲粮中碳水化合物组成、瘤胃微生物菌群及其代谢变化对瘤胃酸中毒发生的影响.同时,也对SARA的预防及其营养调控措施进行了论述,并提出通过科学合理的饲养管理,合理设计饲粮的碳水化合物组成,使用益生菌、缓冲剂、有机酸、硫胺素,接种疫苗,调控瘤胃内有机酸的产生和利用的途径来预防反刍动物瘤胃酸中毒的发生,以期为今后我国在预防瘤胃酸中毒方面的研究和生产应用提供参考. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
瘤胃酸中毒是反刍动物采食大量的谷类或其他富含碳水化合物的饲料后,导致瘤胃内产生大量乳酸而引起的一种急性代谢性酸中毒,主要临床特征是消化障碍、瘤胃运动停滞、脱水、酸血症、运动失调、衰弱。瘤胃臌胀是反刍动物采食了大量容易发酵的饲料,在瘤胃内产生大量气体,引起瘤胃和网胃急剧膨胀,膈与胸腔脏器受到压迫,呼吸与血液循环障碍,发生窒息现象的一种疾病。 相似文献
9.
10.
反刍动物瘤胃酸中毒的防治 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
瘤胃酸中毒是由于反刍动物突然超量采食谷粒等富含可溶性糖类物质,瘤胃内急剧产生、积聚并吸收大量乳酸等有毒物质所致的一种急性消化性酸中毒[1],以往均属于瘤胃积食的范畴。但从20世纪40年代开始,国外学者发现反刍动物过食谷物饲料(高碳水化合物饲料)后,可以导致瘤胃酸中毒。其后国内外许多学者先后对该病进行了研究,特别是20世纪70年代后,各国学者对该病的病因、发病机理和临床表现进行了更深入地探讨,把此病分别称为牛过食豆谷中毒、牛过食豆谷综合征、反刍动物过食症、乳酸中毒、右旋乳酸中毒等。根据酸中毒的临床表现,可分为急性酸中… 相似文献
11.
Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
12.
13.
Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
14.
15.
在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。 相似文献
19.
20.