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1.
用E .tenella卵囊感染雏鸡 ,通过醋酸纤维薄膜电泳检测 5种血清蛋白百分含量的变化。分别在感染后 3d和 7d进行采血检测。结果如下 :试验组的白蛋白 (% )在感染后 7d显著低于对照组 (P <0 0 5 ) ;试验组的α1 球蛋白 (% )在感染后 7d比在3d显著下降 (P <0 0 1) ;试验组的γ球蛋白 (% )在感染后 7d极显著高于 3d和对照组 (P <0 0 1)。α2 球蛋白 (% )和β球蛋白(% )在组间和组内无明显差异  相似文献   

2.
选取泌乳初期(泌乳天数<40d)健康奶牛12头,按胎次、泌乳天数和产奶量相同或相似的原则进行配对,分为试验组和对照组。两组日粮组成相同,但试验组牛每天添加益康XP(剂量为试验第1-7d500g/头/d,从第8d后减少到120g/头/d,分两次饲喂)。试验期为60d。于试验前1d、试验第20d、40d、60d分别采血,用鲎试剂法测定血浆内毒素含量;定期测定日均产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率和体细胞数;并记录情期受胎率及疾病发生情况。结果表明:试验组奶牛在试验后第20d、40d、60d血浆内毒素均极显著低于对照组(p<0.01);产奶量在第20d、60d显著高于对照组(p<0.05);两组奶牛乳脂率、乳蛋白率、体细胞数差异均不显著(p>0.05);试验组情期受胎率极显著高于对照组(p<0.01);在疾病发生率方面,试验组极显著低于对照组(p<0.01)。  相似文献   

3.
为进一步筛选有效的鸡球虫病抗性评价指标,并为后续鸡球虫抗性评价体系的建立及鸡球虫抗病育种提供依据,试验将京海黄鸡分为感染和非感染对照2个组,感染组每只雏鸡灌饲2.5×104个柔嫩艾美尔球虫卵囊,用酶联免疫检测法测定10个球虫抗性血液指标。结果显示,①感染后第3天感染组和非感染对照组的临床表现和各项指标差异均不明显,表明感染后这一阶段无法用现有指标检测到显著变化;②感染后3～5 d感染组鸡体增重为负,且感染组和非感染对照组相比差异极显著（P＜0.01）,表明感染后3～5 d的变化最为剧烈;③感染后8 d IFN-γ浓度显著低于非感染对照组（P＜0.05）;丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽—过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）浓度均有不同程度提高,且感染组与非感染对照组SOD浓度差异显著（P＜0.05）,其余3个指标均差异极显著（P＜0.01）;④白细胞介素2(IL-2)、IL-16、IL-17、一氧化氮（NO）、β-胡萝卜素（β-C）浓度感染组和非感染对照组相比差异均不显著（P＞0.05）。结果表明,感染后3～5 d内的体增重,CAT、GSH-Px、MDA、SOD 4种抗氧化酶及IFN-γ细胞因子在血浆中的浓度可作为鸡球虫抗性评价指标。  相似文献   

4.
为探究黄芪甲苷（ASIV）对断奶应激下犊牛生长性能及血液生化指标、血细胞理化特性的影响，试验选取体重相近、体况良好犊牛40头，平均分为4组，每组10头，对照组及试验1、2、3组分别在日粮中添加ASIV 0、0.5、1和1.5 mg/头·d，检测断奶前、断奶0、7、14和28 d血液生理生化指标及生长性能。结果表明，试验2、3组末体重显著高于对照组（p<0.05），平均日增重、干物质采食量极显著高于对照组（p<0.05）。血液生理生化指标中GLU值在断奶0 d试验2组显著高于对照（p<0.05）,28 d TP含量试验2组显著高于对照组（p<0.05），对照组在断奶前RBC值显著高于断奶14 d(p<0.05)和断奶28 d(p<0.05)RBC值；对照组、试验1组HGB值在断奶28 d显著低于本组断奶前HGB值。综合考虑，日粮添加1 g/头·d ASIV可获得较优犊牛生产性能及良好血液生理生化指标。  相似文献   

5.
目的：观察新兽药喹胺醇对小鼠血清中细胞因子TNF-α、IL-2和IL-6水平的影响.方法：采用放射免疫法检测血清中TNF-α、IL-2和IL-6的含量.结果：中剂量组雄鼠血清中TNF-α含量显著高于对照组和其它药物剂量组（P＜0.05）,药后7 d雌鼠低剂量组TNF-α含量显著高于对照组和其它药物组（P＜0.05）;药后7 d雄鼠中剂量组血清中IL-6含量极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）,14 d雄鼠中、高剂量组IL-6含量极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）,药后7 d雌鼠中、高、最高剂量组IL-6含量显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）,14 d低剂量组极显著高于对照组（P＜0.01）;雄鼠血清中IL-2含量在7 d和14 d各组间均无显著差异.结论：喹胺醇对小鼠血清中细咆因子TNF-α、IL-2和IL-6水平的影响可能存在性别差异和剂量差异.  相似文献   

6.
试验旨在研究复方中草药对长江鲟幼鱼免疫、抗氧化及抗病能力的影响。选择体重（537.68±25.47）g、体长（46.27±5.71） cm的长江鲟幼鱼360尾，随机分为4组，每组3个重复，每个重复30尾鱼。对照组鱼投喂基础饲料，各试验组分别在基础饲料添加0.5%、1.0%、1.5%复方中草药。试验期21 d，在试验第14、21 d分别从各组中随机抽取长江鲟幼鱼20尾，使用嗜水气单胞菌（Aeromonas hydrophila）进行攻毒试验。结果显示，与对照组相比，试验第7 d,1.5%试验组鱼血清免疫球蛋白M (IgM)含量显著升高（P<0.05）；试验第14 d,1.0%试验组和1.5%试验组鱼血清免疫球蛋白G (IgG)、IgM含量显著升高（P<0.05）；试验第21 d,1.5%试验组鱼血清IgG、IgM含量均高于对照组。与对照组相比，试验第7、14 d,1.5%试验组鱼血清补体C4、抗菌肽（AMP）含量及溶菌酶（LSZ）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性显著升高（P<0.05）；第21 d时，1.5%试验组鱼血清AMP含量仍显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。与对照...  相似文献   

7.
本试验旨在研究沙葱黄酮的不同组分对小鼠的免疫调节作用。将90只昆明种小鼠随机分为9个组，即对照组和分别经35%、55%、75%及95%乙醇洗脱后所得沙葱黄酮高、低剂量组。对照组灌胃0.2 mL生理盐水，高、低剂量组分别灌胃120 mg/kg BW·d和60 mg/kg BW·d的35%、55%、75%和95%乙醇洗脱沙葱黄酮0.2 mL，连续灌胃21 d,1次/d，在末次灌胃24 h后处死小鼠，测定其胸腺和脾脏指数，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定脾脏组织匀浆中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、干扰素-α(IFN-α)、干扰素-β(IFN-β)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)以及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量。结果表明：(1)与对照组相比，35%、95%高剂量组小鼠胸腺指数提高（P<0.01）,35%、75%高剂量组小鼠脾脏指数提高（P<0.01）；(2) 35%、55%和95%高低剂量组IgA含量高于对照组（P<0.01），各试验组小鼠脾脏组织中IgG、IgM含量均高于对照组（P<0.01）；(3) 95%高、低剂量组...  相似文献   

8.
周昊  况丹 《饲料研究》2023,(22):26-30
试验旨在研究活性酵母菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清抗氧化能力及免疫力的影响。选择32日龄的断奶仔猪200头随机分成4组，每组5个重复，每个重复10头猪。对照组仔猪饲喂基础日粮，试验组1、试验组2和试验组3分别在基础日粮中添加0.25、0.50、1.00 g/kg的包被布拉迪活性酵母菌。预试期1 w，正式试验期28 d。结果显示，试验组2和试验组3仔猪的试验末重比对照组提高了6.21%、8.13%(P<0.05)，平均日增重比对照组提高了11.11%、13.68%(P<0.05)；所有包被活性酵母菌组仔猪的料重比比对照组降低了4.89%、7.61%、9.24%(P<0.05)，腹泻率比对照组降低了53.67%、69.50%、73.61%(P<0.01)。试验组2和试验组3仔猪血清的总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05），总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。各活性酵母菌组仔猪血清白细胞介素-10 (IL-10)含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05），试验组2和试验组3血清肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)含量显...  相似文献   

9.
巨型艾美尔球虫感染对雏鸡肠道乳酸杆菌的影响   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  
取200只红羽肉杂雏鸡,饲喂至8日龄,随机分为3个球虫卵囊剂量感染组(0.5×105、1.0×105和2.0×105个/羽),并设对照组;于感染后1、3、5、7 d,各组分别处死雏鸡5只,测定小肠中段乳酸杆菌的定植数量。结果表明:与对照组比较3个试验组雏鸡肠道的乳酸杆菌定植数量均有降低。其中试验Ⅰ组,在感染后1、3 d,肠道乳酸杆菌定植数对数值分别为(5.46±0.14)和(5.57±0.14),与对照组比差异不显著(P>0.05);感染5、7 d后,分别为(5.71±0.45)和(5.80±0.52),达到差异显著水平(P<0.05)。试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,在感染后1 d,达到差异显著水平(P<0.05)。感染后3、5、7 d,肠道乳酸杆菌定植数量对数值与对照组比较达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。试验证明大剂量球虫感染可明显降低雏鸡小肠段乳酸杆菌的定植数量。  相似文献   

10.
为评价乳痈康复膏的解热作用,以基质为对照组,阿司匹林和低、中、高剂量乳痈康复膏为试验组,对试验兔进行3 d涂抹。末次给药前24 h按0.4 mL/kg皮下注射松节油,末次给药后1 h、3 h、5 h、各测肛温1次,计算各组试验兔不同时间温度差。结果发现,末次给药3 h,阿司匹林组和乳痈康复膏高剂量组与对照组温差极显著(p<0.01)、乳痈康复膏中剂量组与对照组温差显著(p<0.05);末次给药5 h和7 h,阿司匹林组和乳痈康复膏中、高剂量组与对照组相比温差极显著(p<0.01)、乳痈康复膏低剂量组与对照组相比,差异显著(p<0.05)。表明乳痈康复膏解热作用良好。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

15.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

16.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

17.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

18.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

19.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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20.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

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