共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
Folch法提取红罗非鱼(Oreochromis sp.)和福寿鱼(O.mossambicus×O.niloticus)雌亲鱼不同组织(肌肉、肝胰脏和卵巢)中的脂质,GC法分析脂肪酸组成。结果显示,红罗非鱼和福寿鱼卵巢中总脂含量分别占湿重的16.16%和10.20%,显著高于肝胰脏中的总脂含量(P<0.05),而肝胰脏中的总脂含量又显著高于肌肉(P<0.05)。2种鱼肌肉、肝胰脏和卵巢中共检出18种脂肪酸,主要饱和脂肪酸(SFA)是C14:0、C16:0和C18:0,主要单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)是C16:1和C18:1n-9,主要多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)是C18:2n-6、C20:4n-6(ARA)、C20:5n-3(EPA)和C22:6n-3(DHA)。ARA在福寿鱼肌肉中含量最高(9.16%),显著高于2种试验鱼其他组织中的ARA含量。Σ(EPA+DHA)在红罗非鱼的卵巢和福寿鱼的肌肉、肝胰脏和卵巢中含量高于其它组织(5.09%～7.70%),福寿鱼肌肉中最高(7.70%),卵巢中次之(6.97%)。红罗非鱼肌肉、肝胰脏和卵巢中的ΣPUFA含量均低于福寿鱼相应组织。红罗非鱼与福寿鱼各组织之间n-3/n-6比率变化不显著,但均小于1,为0.12～0.41。红罗非鱼的肝胰脏和卵巢中,脂肪酸含量ΣSFA>ΣMUFA>ΣPUFA;红罗非鱼肌肉、福寿鱼肝胰脏和卵巢中,ΣMUFA>ΣSFA>ΣPUFA;福寿鱼肌肉中,ΣSFA>ΣPUFA>ΣMUFA。 相似文献
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褐牙鲆亲鱼野生群体与养殖群体维生素A、C、E含量的比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨养殖褐牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)亲鱼后代较野生亲鱼后代质量下降这一问题,本实验分析了野生与人工养殖(包括营养强化处理)褐牙鲆亲鱼肌肉、肝脏及卵中维生素A、维生素C、维生素E含量的差异,并进行了养殖褐牙鲆维生素营养强化的探索实验.结果显示,野生与养殖亲鱼肌肉和肝脏中维生素A含量无显著差异,野生亲鱼卵中维生索A含最显著高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05);野生亲鱼肝脏和卵中维生素C含量显著高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05),肌肉中两者无显著差异(P>0.05);维生素E含量在野生和养殖亲鱼各组织内均有显著差异(P<0.05),仅肝脏中养殖亲鱼显著低于野生亲鱼(P<0.05),其余组织均为养殖亲鱼较高.在本实验中,营养强化显著增加了养殖亲鱼肌肉和肝脏维生素A、维生素C及卵和肝脏中维生素E的含量,但对卵中维生素A和C的含量均无显著影响(p>0.05),而肌肉中维生素E含量则显著降低(P<0.05).上述结果表明,养殖与野生褐牙鲆亲鱼卵中维生素A、C、E含量存在一定的差异,可能与养殖褐牙鲆亲鱼后代质量下降有关,本实验所采用的营养强化方法仅增加了养殖亲鱼卵中维生素E的含量,而对卵中维生素A和维生素C的含量无显著影响,更为有效的强化方式有待进一步研究. 相似文献
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分析了野生与人工养殖褐牙鲆亲鱼肝脏、背肌及卵中硒、铁、锰、铜、铬、镉和铅等微量元素的含量。结果表明,野生褐牙鲆亲鱼肝脏中硒、铁含量均显著高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05),铜含量则显著低于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05),其他各元素间均未见显著差异(P>0.05);野生褐牙鲆亲鱼背肌中除硒和锰的含量显著高于养殖亲鱼外(P<0.05),其他各元素含量均基本保持恒定(P>0.05);野生褐牙鲆亲鱼卵中硒、铁和锰的含量均显著高于养殖亲鱼(P<0.05),其中硒的含量约为养殖亲鱼的1.7倍,铁的含量约为养殖亲鱼的2.0倍,而锰含量则为养殖亲鱼的2.8倍。养殖褐牙鲆亲鱼卵中镉含量与野生亲鱼相比高出78%(P<0.05)。两种亲鱼卵中铜、镉、铅3种重金属含量均未见显著差异(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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为评估不同养殖环境对禾花鲤(Cyprinus carpio)肌肉营养与品质的影响,采用国标法检测稻田和池塘2种养殖环境下禾花鲤肌肉常规营养成分、质构特性、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成。结果显示,池塘组禾花鲤肌肉粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量显著高于稻田组(P<0.05),水分含量显著低于稻田组(P<0.05),灰分含量2组差异不显著(P>0.05);池塘组肌肉粘性显著高于稻田组(P<0.05),内聚性和剪切力显著低于稻田组(P<0.05),其他质构指标2组间差异不显著(P>0.05);肌肉氨基酸测定结果显示,池塘组氨基酸总量(?TAA)、鲜味氨基酸(DAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)、非必需氨基酸(NEAA)显著高于稻田组(P<0.05),?EAA/TAA和?EAA/NEAA显著低于稻田组(P<0.05),2组禾花鲤必需氨基酸构成比例均符合FAO/WHO标准;在鲜味氨基酸含量方面,池塘组主要的4种呈味氨基酸含量均显著高于稻田组(P<0.05)。根据氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)标准,2组禾花鲤肌肉第一、二限制性氨基酸均分别为色氨酸(Trp)和缬氨酸(Val);在脂肪酸测定结果中显示,池塘组单不饱和脂肪酸(∑MUFA)含量显著高于稻田组(P<0.05),但多不饱和脂肪酸(∑PUFA)、EPA+DHA和∑n-3PUFA/ ∑n-6PUFA显著低于稻田组(P<0.05)。综上所述,池塘和稻田养殖条件下,禾花鲤均为优质的蛋白质来源,但不同养殖环境对禾花鲤肌肉营养与品质有显著影响。从常规营养成分、氨基酸评分方面看,池塘养殖条件下禾花鲤肌肉营养价值更高;从脂肪酸角度来看,稻田养殖禾花鲤肌肉具有较高的EPA+DHA含量以及n-3/n-6多不饱和脂肪酸比例,更适合高血脂和心血管疾病等患者食用,从质构性来看,稻田养殖环境下禾花鲤肌肉更具嚼劲。 相似文献
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实验测定和比较了性腺发育至Ⅴ期的雌性成体纹缟虾虎鱼的肌肉、肝脏和卵巢组织中水分、总脂含量及其脂肪酸组成。结果表明: (1) 肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中的水分含量依次降低, 且差异显著(P<0.05)。肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中的总脂含量分别为1.32%±0.08%、7.75%±0.38%和26.73%±0.59%。3种组织间的总脂含量具有显著性差异(P<0.05), 其中卵巢中总脂含量最高, 其次为肝脏中的含量, 肌肉中含量最低。(2) 肌肉中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)总量明显高于肝脏和卵巢, 3种组织中SFA含量呈显著性差异(P<0.05); 肝脏中单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)C 16:1含量最高,肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中的含量分别为11.90%±0.71%、15.28%±2.42%和9.49%±0.37%, 3种组织间含量呈显著性差异(P<0.05); 多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、w3PUFA和w6PUFA在卵巢中的含量显著高于肌肉和肝脏中含量 (P<0.05), 而肌肉和肝脏间的差异不显著 (P>0.05)。肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的总量依次升高, 在3种组织间的含量分别为30.17%±1.02%、30.53%±0.50%和34.33%±0.71%, 卵巢中的含量显著高于肌肉和肝脏中的含量(P<0.05), 而后两者间的差异不显著 (P>0.05)。3种组织中DHA/EPA的比值分别为1.50、1.75和1.59, w3PUFA/∑w6PUFA的比值分别为6.44、8.05和7.00。DHA/EPA和w3PUFA/∑w6PUFA均在肝脏中最高, 其次为卵巢, 肌肉中最低。 相似文献
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为研究中华鲟对脂肪酸的选择利用,采用国标方法,对野生与人工养殖中华鲟成熟鱼卵和肌肉的脂肪酸组成进行了测定分析。试验结果显示:野生中华鲟卵细胞中C18:1和C22:6(DHA)脂肪酸的含量高于养殖的中华鲟成熟卵细胞;在相同的养殖环境和投饲策略下,野生中华鲟幼鱼合成或富集n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的能力高于养殖的中华鲟幼鱼。研究表明,中华鲟亲鱼在发育过程中对营养素的累积具有差异性,多不饱和脂肪酸,尤其是DHA、EPA和ARA脂肪源,对中华鲟亲鱼性腺发育和幼鱼生长发育具有重要意义。 相似文献
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日本鬼鲉胚胎及卵黄囊仔鱼发育过程中脂肪及脂肪酸特性变化 总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2
以野生日本鬼鲉人工催产获得的受精卵为实验材料,定量检测了日本鬼鲉胚胎及卵黄囊仔鱼发育过程中脂肪组成及脂肪酸含量.结果表明:日本鬼鲉胚胎及卵黄囊仔鱼的总脂肪含量为13.85％～ 11.66％,极性脂肪占总脂肪含量为75.39％～ 72.20％.总脂肪及极性脂肪含量在胚胎发育阶段无显著变化,在卵黄囊仔鱼阶段随发育而显著下降.中性脂肪含量在胚胎发育阶段有显著变化,在卵黄囊仔鱼阶段其含量相对稳定.野生日本鬼鲉胚胎及卵黄囊仔鱼总脂肪的主要脂肪酸为DHA(22∶6n-3),16∶0,ARA(20∶4n-6),EPA(20∶5n-3),18∶0和18∶1n-9.总脂肪及极性脂肪的DHA,ARA,EPA含量(mg/gDW)均随胚胎和卵黄囊仔鱼的发育而显著下降,且DHA和ARA含量均在胚胎囊胚期至尾芽期大幅降低.中性脂EPA和DHA含量随发育呈先升后降,其峰值分别出现在初孵仔鱼和2日龄(2DPH)卵黄囊仔鱼.中性脂ARA含量随发育逐步升高,峰值出现在3日龄(3DPH)卵黄囊仔鱼.在胚胎发育前期,总脂肪DHA和ARA相对EPA被选择性消耗,饱和脂肪酸(SFAs)和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)相对单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFAs)被机体选择性消耗,N-6PUFA相对N-3 PUFA被选择性消耗;在胚胎发育后期及卵黄囊仔鱼阶段,总脂肪EPA相对DHA和ARA被选择性消耗.在胚胎和卵黄囊仔鱼发育过程中,SFAs中16∶0相对18∶0被选择性消耗.胚胎发育后期阶段和卵黄囊仔鱼阶段,总脂肪MUFAs中16∶1相对18∶1被选择性消耗.实验表明日本鬼鲉胚胎及卵黄囊仔鱼发育阶段极性脂肪中DHA、ARA和EPA可以向中性脂肪中转移,胚胎和卵黄囊仔鱼对不同类别脂肪中的重要脂肪酸的消耗具有选择性,且其选择性与发育阶段相关. 相似文献
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大黄鱼鱼种阶段脂肪酸组成研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对人工培育的90-180日龄的大黄鱼鱼种,用GC/MS法分析比较了其肌肉和肝脏的脂肪酸组成,肌肉和肝脏分别检出脂肪酸25种和42种.试验结果表明,7-10月,肌肉中的脂肪不断积累,而肝脏中则保持相对恒定,且是肌肉的1.7～3倍;2种组织中均以C16∶0(棕榈酸)含量最高,其次为C18∶1(油酸);肝脏中脂肪酸以饱和脂肪酸(SFA)为主,SFA的平均含量是多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的4倍,而肌肉中的SFA平均含量则与PUFA基本相当;花生四烯酸(AA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)、二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)及亚油酸(C18∶2)等n-3和n-6系列的PUFA在肌肉中含量更高;大黄鱼鱼种首先利用肌肉组织中以C16∶0为主的十八碳以下的SFA作为能量来源,而不轻易动用肝脏贮藏的能量.通过与幼鱼和成鱼比较可知,随着鱼体的成长,其脂肪酸种类不断丰富,组成也更趋合理. 相似文献
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为获知棘头梅童鱼亲鱼性腺发育后期脂类及脂肪酸蓄积特点,采用内标定量法,对性腺发育至Ⅳ期的雌性棘头梅童鱼亲鱼肌肉、肝脏和卵巢组织中的脂肪及脂肪酸含量进行了测定,并比较分析了3种组织中的脂肪酸组成。结果表明:雌性棘头梅童鱼亲鱼卵巢、肝脏和肌肉中脂肪的质量分数分别为(4.84±0.05)%、(2.66±0.05)%和(0.56±0.05)%,不同组织间具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。雌性棘头梅童鱼亲鱼的卵巢、肌肉和肝脏中分别检出29种脂肪酸,含量最高的饱和脂肪酸依次为C16∶0、C18∶0和C14∶0;含量最高的单不饱和脂肪酸依次为C16∶1、C18∶1n9c和C20∶1;含量最高的多不饱和脂肪酸依次为C22∶6n3(DHA)、C20∶5n3(EPA)和C20∶4n6(ARA)。从相对含量来看,肌肉中饱和脂肪酸的质量分数为(58.22±0.24)%,显著高于肝脏(52.71±0.24)%和卵巢(36.42±0.24)%(P<0.05);卵巢中单不饱和脂肪酸的质量分数为(23.78±0.09)%,显著高于肌肉(16.15±0.07)%和肝脏(10.79±0.05)%(P<0.05);卵巢中多不饱和脂肪酸质量分数为(39.79±0.19)%,显著高于肝脏(36.49±0.21) %和肌肉(25.63±0.19)%(P<0.05)。肌肉、肝脏和卵巢中EPA和DHA的总量依次升高,质量分数分别为(19.34±0.15)%、(26.59±0.16)%和(27.78±0.13)%。卵巢、肝脏和肌肉组织中的DHA/EPA分别为1.95、2.28和1.89,n-3系和n-6系多不饱和脂肪酸的比值分别为3.29、3.81和6.25。 相似文献
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闽东海域银鲳亲鱼性腺发育后期脂类及脂肪酸蓄积特点 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
脂肪和脂肪酸是海水鱼类早期生长发育的重要结构物质和能量来源。亲鱼的脂肪和脂肪酸储备影响其繁殖性能和早期仔鱼的发育。为了获知银鲳亲鱼性腺发育后期脂类及脂肪酸蓄积特点,本研究采用氯仿甲醇法及气相色谱法定量检测了繁殖季节闽东海域野生银鲳亲鱼不同组织的总脂肪及脂肪酸含量。结果表明:亲鱼卵巢、精巢、肝脏和肌肉的总脂肪含量差异显著。卵巢、精巢、肝脏和肌肉的总脂含量分别为:35.76%,15.11%,22.07%和22.14%(占组织干重)。极性脂肪占总脂肪的比例在精巢中最高,其次为肝脏和卵巢,在肌肉中最低。性腺从Ⅳ期发育到Ⅴ期,雌鱼卵巢总脂肪和中性脂肪含量显著增加,雄鱼肌肉极性脂肪含量显著降低。中性脂肪中卵巢的20∶5n-3(EPA,2.25~3.87 mg/g)、22∶6n-3(DHA,6.71~13.03mg/g)和高不饱和脂肪酸(HUFAs,17.20~29.64 mg/g)含量最高,极性脂肪中精巢的EPA(0.38~0.27 mg/g)和DHA(3.12~3.59 mg/g)含量最高。性腺中n-3/n-6比值显著高于肝脏和肌肉中。随着卵巢发育,DHA等必需脂肪酸在雌鱼不同组织及同一组织不同脂肪类别之间存在转移现象。研究表明,银鲳亲鱼各组织的总脂肪含量、总脂肪组成及脂肪酸绝对含量(mg/g干物质)具有组织特异性,随着性腺发育,必需脂肪酸总体上表现为由肌肉和肝脏向性腺中转移,且性腺中脂肪酸的变化主要发生在中性脂肪中。 相似文献
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Nutritional comparison in muscle of wild,pond and factory cultured Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) adults 
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下载免费PDF全文 Muscle proximate composition, amino acid profiles, fatty acid compositions and selected minerals of wild, pond and factory cultured Japanese flounder adults were compared in this study to elucidate their nutritive values and dietary nutrition requirements. Wild and pond cultured Japanese flounder flesh had higher crude proteins, but crude lipid contents of factory cultured fish were 3.8~4.0 fold greater. Major amino acids in Japanese flounder were aspartic acid, glutamic acid and lysine. Wild fish had higher levels of total amino acids, essential amino acids, nonessential amino acids and half‐essential amino acids and the contents in pond cultured samples were similar. Arachidonic acids (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA), docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), DHA + EPA and n–3 PUFA in wild Japanese flounder were significantly higher than that in factory cultured fish, whereas fatty acid levels were close between pond cultured and wild fish. Japanese flounder were rich in zinc, iron and selenium, but poor in copper, chromium and nickel. Results indicated wild Japanese flounder had higher nutritional value and better meat quality, but the nutritional compositions of pond cultured fish were close to wild Japanese flounder, which suggested that pond culture of Japanese flounder offers broad application prospects. 相似文献
13.
Fatemeh Lavajoo Aliasghar Khanipour Alireza Mirzajani Arash Akbarzadeh 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(9):975-985
ABSTRACTThe proximate content, fatty acids composition, and nutritional quality index (NQI) of Macrobrachium nipponense at three habitats in the Anzali wetland in Iran were investigated as a potential source for human consumption. The highest amounts of protein, lipid, ash, and energy contents in muscle of M. nipponense were showed in autumn (non-reproductive season) (p < 0.05). The main monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were oleic acid (C18:1 n9 C, C18:1 ω9 T) and palmitoleic acid (C16:1). Moreover, the main polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n3), arachidonic acid (ARA, C20:4 n6), linoleic acid (LA, C18:2 ω6), and α-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3 n3). The predominant individual saturated fatty acid (SFA) was palmitic acid (0.07–13.4%), while oleic acid (14.7–26.3%), EPA (3.5–12.7%) and linoleic acid (0.04–14.9%) represented the most abundant individual MUFA and PUFA in M. nipponense. The highest mean value of EPA+DHA (14.0), n3/n6 (1.02), ΣMUFA/ΣSFA (1.05), ΣPUFA/ΣSFA (1.04), and EPA/DHA (3.8) ratios in M. nipponense was in autumn. The range of atherogenicity index (AI) and thrombogenicity index (TI) was much lower, from 0.42 to 0.6 and from 0.33 to 0.57, respectively, in terms of season. The results obtained in the present study show that M. nipponense is an excellent nutritional food source in the Anzali wetland. 相似文献
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Prakash Sharma Vikas Kumar Amit Kumar Sinha Jayant Ranjan H. M. P. Kithsiri Gudipati Venkateshwarlu 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2010,36(3):411-417
The proximate composition of the whole body and the fatty acid composition of the liver, muscle, eye and brain of wild and
cultured rohu (Labeo rohita) were analyzed. The cultured species was found to have significantly (P < 0.05) higher lipid contents than its wild counterpart. The saturated (SFA) and monounsaturated (MUFA) fatty acid contents
were significantly higher in the cultured species, whereas the n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels were higher
in the wild species. Fatty acids C16:0 and C18:1 n-9 were the principal fatty acids of the SFAs and MUFAs, respectively,
identified in the analyses. Docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and arachidonic acid were the predominant PUFAs in
both groups, and all three were found to be present at significantly (P < 0.05) higher levels in the wild species. Erucic acid (C22:1 n-9), which was the predominant fatty acid (30.76%) in the
feed, was detected only at low levels in muscle (0.30%), liver (1.04%) and eye (1.28%) of cultured fish tissue. 相似文献
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Natalija Topic Popovic Lidija Kozacinski Ivancica Strunjak‐Perovic Rozelindra Coz‐Rakovac Margita Jadan Zeljka Cvrtila‐Fleck Josip Barisic 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(5):722-729
The composition of tail muscle fatty acids from wild and cultured bluefin tuna reared on a diet based on herring and sardine, along with the plasma lipid profile of the farmed individuals, was determined. The total lipid content of farmed bluefin in this study was 0.922 g/100 g or 3.49 g of saturated fatty acids (SAFA), 4.48 g of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), 2.58 g polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n‐3 and 0.37 g of PUFA n‐6 fatty acids; for wild specimens, it was 0.920 g/100 g, or 2.85 g of SAFA, 4.82 g of MUFA, 2.78 g PUFA n‐3 and 0.27 g of PUFA n‐6 fatty acids. The major fatty acids in this study were 16:0; 16:1, n‐7; 18:1, n‐9 and DHA 22:6, n‐3 acids. The sum of these major components accounted for more than 57% and 80% of the total fatty acids in all the samples of farmed and wild tuna respectively. No significant differences in the proximate composition were demonstrated between farmed and wild samples, except for the energy value, in favour of the farmed tuna. Statistically, glucose tends to increase together with cholesterol (CHOL) and plasma triglyceride, as for these pairs, it showed positive correlation coefficients and P>0.05. Some measured tuna metabolites demonstrated strong mutual correlations, especially GLU, CHOL and TRIG, which are crucial factors in the lipid profile of animals. 相似文献
16.
亚东鲑(Salmo trutta fario)是鲑属鱼类在青藏高原仅有的鱼类种群,是亚东地区全国农产品地理标志产品。本研究对西藏亚东地区野生和养殖亚东鲑的常规营养成分及各组织氨基酸和脂肪酸组成进行分析,旨在比较野生和养殖亚东鲑营养成分的异同,为养殖亚东鲑的品质评价和饲料配方的完善提供参考信息。实验采集亚东河中野生亚东鲑和亚东渔业产业园中使用配合饲料养殖的亚东鲑各10尾用于相关成分分析,每尾为一个独立样本。结果显示,野生组肥满度显著低于养殖组,而全鱼水分和灰分显著高于养殖组。全鱼粗蛋白、粗脂肪以及肝脏常规成分在野生组和养殖组间无显著差异。野生组肌肉粗脂肪显著低于养殖组,而水分含量显著高于养殖组。野生组全鱼必需氨基酸总量显著高于养殖组,且野生组肌肉中苏氨酸、缬氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸和甘氨酸含量显著高于养殖组。野生组全鱼、肌肉和肝脏中饱和脂肪酸、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA)总量、EPA、C20:4n-6以及肌肉中DHA含量高于养殖组,而全鱼和组织中单不饱和脂肪酸和n-6 PUFA总量低于养殖组。综上所述,目前养殖亚东鲑和野生亚东鲑在机体成分上存在较大差异。由于养殖鱼类体成分很大程度上反映了饲料组成,因此,亚东鲑养殖中饲料营养组成可能有待进一步优化。 相似文献
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Sea urchin eggs and larvae have been suggested as potential live prey for marine fish larval feeding. This study evaluated the fatty acid composition of Paracentrotus lividus eggs, prisms and four-armed plutei, obtained from wild and captive broodstocks fed on raw diets: maize, seaweed and a combination of maize and seaweed. Amounts of essential fatty acids (EFA) for marine fish larvae [arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA)] were determined in eggs and endotrophic larvae. ARA ranged from 3.93% in eggs from combination to 18.7% in plutei from maize diets. In any developmental stage, EPA amounts were always lower than 5% for the raw diets, and DHA showed null or trace amounts including the wild diet. Thus, broodstock-prepared diets had to be formulated based on different lipid sources (Algamac, linseed oil, cod liver oil and olive oil) in order to test eggs and larvae EFA enhancement. EFA improvement was possible for all tested prepared diets. Algamac diet lead to superior EFA enhancement mainly in DHA (7.24%, 4.92% and 6.09% for eggs, prisms and plutei, respectively) followed by cod liver oil diet. Only these two lipid sources should be considered for prepared broodstock diets in order to obtain suitable live prey for fish larval feeding. 相似文献
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为研究杂交青虾"太湖1号"在滨海型盐碱水域养殖条件下的营养特点,采用常规生化成分测定法测定了该杂交青虾肌肉中的营养成分,并与野生青虾的肌肉营养成分进行比较。结果显示:杂交青虾肌肉(鲜重)中蛋白质、脂肪、灰分、水分的含量分别为16.774%、0.927%、1.173%、81.367%;肌肉中共检测出18种氨基酸(总量为85.680%,干重),其中8种必需氨基酸占31.024%;肌肉中含12种脂肪酸,其中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)与二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)含量较高,两者含量之和为1.247%,多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量为1.753%;矿物元素种类丰富,常量元素中,钾含量最高(12.420 mg/g),微量元素中,锌含量最高(59.673μg/g)。研究发现,杂交青虾"太湖1号"蛋白含量显著低于野生青虾(P0.05),脂肪、EPA+DHA含量极显著高于野生青虾(P0.01),氨基酸总量、非必需氨基酸总量、鲜味氨基酸总量与野生青虾无显著差异(P0.05),必需氨基酸总量显著低于野生青虾(P0.05),但两者氨基酸结构均符合FAO/WHO的标准要求。研究表明:滨海型盐碱水域养殖条件下的杂交青虾"太湖1号"氨基酸组成平衡,微量元素丰富,具有较高的营养价值。 相似文献