共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
本研究以收集的248份薏苡种质资源为基础,按地理来源将标准化的14表型数据分组,采用最短距离逐步取样法并按一定比例抽样,共获得8个候选核心子集,利用变异系数变化率、均值差异百分率、极差符合率、方差差异百分率、表型保留比例、表型频率方差和Shannon-Wiener指数7个参数进行核心种质代表性检验和评价。结果表明：薏苡初级核心种质库包含67份资源,保留了原始种质27.02%的样品（25%组内取样比例）,其变异系数变化率、均值差异百分率、极差符合率、方差差异百分率、表型保留比例、表型频率方差和Shannon-Wiener指数的检验指标分别为110.05%、0、93.03%、10%、96%、0.655和0.881;t测验结果表明,核心种质库14个表型性状均值与原始种质无显著性差异,仅有3个表型的某一性状级别丢失,其余11个表型均保留了原始种质的所有性状级别（RPR=1.0）,保留表型性状级别比例为96.49%,且多数表型性状的变异系数和遗传多样性指数均略高于原始种质。其结果说明,获得的核心种质库代表性好,遗传多样性丰富。该结果为后期薏苡种质资源的收集、保护、创新利用奠定了重要基础。 相似文献
2.
为鉴定评价我国向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）种质资源在南方地区的表现，筛选构建向日葵核心种质，以422份向日葵种质为材料，在进行2年鉴定观察的基础上，采用描述性统计、相关性分析、主成分分析等方法对11个表型农艺性状进行分析评价。结果表明，原始群体的这些农艺性状具有较大的变异幅度，其变异系数（CV）为3.60%~83.32%，平均变异系数为20.93%，其中分枝株率（0%~62.5%）、单株粒重（9.70~232.35 g）、百粒重（4.60~14.92 g）、叶片数（14.40~48.38个）和株高（103.75~260.00 cm）变异幅度较大；性状间表现出显著的相关性，主成分分析表明，影响性状的4个主要成分解释了总方差的71.72%。采用QGAstation 2.0软件构建了72组核心种质候选群体，并根据均值差异百分数（MD）、方差差异百分率（VD），极差符合率（CR）和变异系数百分率（VR），获得组获得1组包含84份材料的最佳核心种质群体。聚类分析将84份核心资源分为5大类，与原群体相比，所选核心种质均值无显著差异，方差显著提高，能最大限度代表原始油葵种质资源保存和利用。 相似文献
3.
利用基因型值构建水稻核心种质的方法研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
以992份水稻品种为材料,通过13个性状的测定和评价,进行水稻核心种质的构建方法研究。采用调整无偏预测法（AUP）无偏预测水稻性状的基因型值,用基因型值计算不同遗传材料间的马氏距离,分别用3种聚类方法(最长距离法、不加权类平均以及离差平方和)结合随机取样法、优先取样和变异度取样3种抽样方法构建出9个不同的水稻核心种质。水稻核心种质和原种质资源群体的方差差异百分率、均值差异百分率、极差符合率和变异系数变化率的比较结果表明,采用不加权类平均法进行多次聚类、结合变异度取样的方法可以较好地构建出水稻核心种质。基于基因型值构建的水稻核心种质比利用表现型值构建的核心种质更能代表原种质资源群体的遗传多样性。 相似文献
4.
青稞种质资源遗传多样性分析与核心种质群体的构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为有针对性地利用青稞种质资源,收集世界各地青稞种质资源共1 220份,利用95对SSR引物评估其遗传多样性与亲缘关系。结果表明,利用95对SSR引物总共检测到451个等位变异,平均每对引物4.74个,变化范围为1~19。1 220份青稞种质可被划分为A1和A2两个亚群,A1亚群有192份材料,主要为国外青稞种质;A2亚群有1 028份材料,主要为青藏高原地区种质;与A2亚群相比,A1亚群具有较高的遗传多样性和等位变异丰度。分子方差分析和遗传分化分析显示,A1和A2亚群间具有显著的群体分化,群体间遗传差异能解释17.29% 群体方差。构建的青稞核心种质群体包括300个材料,代表了原始群体约98.4%的遗传变异和94.7%以上的表型变异。 相似文献
5.
以480份花生种质资源为试验材料,按照荚果形状将15个标准化的数据进行分组,取样比例按20%进行,采用欧式距离构建了96份核心种质资源。对构建的核心种质与原始种质的变异范围、平均值、标准差、变异系数和多样性指数的表现进行分析,说明核心种质与原始种质的变异范围、均值基本相同,核心种质的变异系数除蛋白外,均高于原始种质;从核心种质与原始种质各性状的符合率来看,所有性状的变异系数均达到90%以上,多样性指数的符合率平均在89.6%以上,最高符合率达到99.95%,遗传多样性丰富。结果表明,本研究建立的核心种质是有效的,能够代表原始种质。该构建策略为花生感官品质核心种质的高效利用奠定了基础。 相似文献
6.
《北方水稻》2021,51(3)
以170份辽宁省审定水稻品种资源的12个品质性状为基础数据,分析其多样性水平,构建核心样本群体,并通过平均性状极差符合率(CR)、变异系数变化率(VR)、多样性指数率(H)3个参数对核心样本群体进行评价。结果表明,170份水稻品种12个品质性状变异系数在1.18%～100%,多样性指数在0.693～2.097。构建由42份水稻品种构成的核心样本群体,其平均性状极差符合率、变异系数变化率、多样性指数率分别为86.04%、109.31%、100.75%,可以较好的代表全部种质的表型多样性。同时对核心样本群体主坐标及方差分析表明,42个核心样本形成5个品质性状有明显差异的性状类群,为核心样本利用指明了方向。 相似文献
7.
苎麻种质资源核心种质构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选用国家长沙苎麻圃的790份种质资源,在已有的25个性状数据的基础上,采取优先取样+多次聚类变异度取样方法,利用离差平方和法的聚类方法,无序质量性状采用simple matching,有序质量性状和数量性状采用欧氏距离,在20%的抽样水平下,构建了158份苎麻核心种质.构建的核心种质的质量性状多样性指数均值、数量性状方差差异百分率、变异系数变化率均高于原种质,极差符合率100%;质量性状的性状频率分布与原种质有差异的性状为12.5%;原种质的各数量性状间的相关性共适应基因系统基本上在核心种质中得到保留.构建的核心种质可以很好的代表原种质的遗传多样性. 相似文献
8.
我国花生地方品种众多,遗传多样性丰富,是花生育种的主要亲本来源。构建骨干种质可极大提高种质资源的利用效率。本研究以171份花生骨干种质为材料,利用均值差异百分率(MD%)、方差差异百分率(VD%)、极差符合率(CR%)、变异系数变化率(VR%)和香农指数变化率(DR%)等5个参数及主成分分析法对骨干种质代表性进行分析和确认,萎蔫指数和抗旱系数相结合评价171份种质抗旱性。结果显示,骨干种质对全部种质的MD%、VD%、CR%、DR%和VR%分别达到7.69%、7.69%、83.84%、102.48%和104.15%,表明骨干种质代表了全部种质的遗传变异,且丰度较高。此外,主成分分析证实了骨干种质很好地保留了初选骨干种质和全部种质的遗传多样性和群体结构。从171份种质中筛选出13份抗旱花生种质,抗旱系数介于0.50～0.86,萎蔫指数为0～2。本研究构建的骨干种质具有很好的代表性,可为花生优异种质发掘和抗旱育种奠定良好的基础。 相似文献
9.
胡麻核心种质资源表型变异及SRAP分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国油料作物学报》2017,(6)
为了深入了解胡麻核心种质资源的表型变异和遗传多样性,对401份胡麻种质14个表型性状进行多元统计分析。结果表明:14个表型性状平均变异系数为17.87%,平均遗传多样性指数为2.132,28对表型性状间呈极显著相关,4对呈显著相关。用26对SRAP引物评价了胡麻核心种质,共扩增出234个多态性条带,多态性信息量(PIC)平均为0.60;有效等位基因数(Ne)、香农信息指数(I)和Nei's基因多样性指数(H)在物种水平上分别为1.584 7、0.523 5和0.347 9,在群体水平上分别为1.510 5、0.464 4和0.305 4。聚类分析结果显示,在遗传相似系数为0.295和0.375处,将401份胡麻资源分为2大类和7个亚类,与国内外7个不同地区来源吻合。结果表明供试胡麻种质资源农艺性状的变异大于品质性状的变异,地理环境是影响胡麻种质资源遗传多样性的主要因素。 相似文献
10.
建立在基因型值和分子标记信息上的水稻核心种质评价参数 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用蒙特卡洛模拟结合混合线性模型的方法,直接从基因型值和分子标记水平上研究了水稻核心种质的11个评价参数,排除了环境因素的干扰,对各个评价参数做出了准确的评价。研究表明,极差符合率（CR）可以作为评价核心种质代表性的首选参数。平均Simpson指数（MD）、平均Shannon Weaver多样性指数（MI）和平均多态信息含量（MPIC）是评价核心种质代表性的重要参数。变异系数变化率（VR）可以作为评价核心种质变异程度的重要参考参数。多态位点百分率（p）可以作为判断核心种质取样规模的判定参数。均值差异百分率（MD）可作为判断核心种质是否具有代表性的判定参数。本研究筛选出的核心种质评价参数,适用于不同的种质资源群体,可以用作确定核心种质取样比例的判定依据,进而解决了确定核心种质合理取样比例的问题。 相似文献
11.
《Plant Production Science》2013,16(3):359-364
AbstractA priming method called sand priming was developed using sand as a priming solid matrix. The effect of sand priming on improving the field emergence performance of five super sweet corn cultivars was investigated. Sand priming significantly improved field emergence performance of all super sweet corn cultivars, and there was marked improvement by priming at 20ºC for 24 hr. After sand priming at 20ºC for 24 hr, field emergence percentage (FEP) of “Green Superman”, “Huatian 1”, “Yangtian 1”, “Mitian 8”, and “Chaotian 43” was increased by 52.1%, 37.5%, 38.0%, 40.9%, and 33.3%, respectively. Their field emergence speed (FES) was 2.3, 1.8, 2.0, 2.0, and 1.8 times of the control, respectively. To further elucidate the effect of sand priming on improving the field emergence performance of super sweet corn, we analyzed the membrane system integrity, α-amylase activity and protein content. Sand priming at 20ºC for 24 hr improved membrane system integrity and α-amylase activity in all super sweet corn cultivars. Furthermore, sand priming at 20ºC for 24 hr accelerated the degradation of embryo protein after 1 d germination in “Green Superman”. 相似文献
12.
Traditional sweet corn is poor in provitamin-A, lysine and tryptophan, deficiency of which causes serious health problems. Here, parental lines of two shrunken2 (sh2) -based sweet corn hybrids viz., ASKH-1 and ASKH-2 were targeted for introgression of crtRB1 and opaque2 (o2) genes through marker-assisted backcross breeding. Gene-based markers; umc1066 (SSR) and 3′TE-InDel were utilized for foreground selection of o2 and crtRB1, respectively in BC1F1, BC2F1 and BC2F2 generations. Background selection employing 102–113 polymorphic SSRs led to >90% recovery of recurrent parent genome. Reconstituted hybrids recorded high mean provitamin-A (18.98 μg/g) with a maximum of 7.7-fold increase over original hybrids (3.12 μg/g). High mean lysine (0.39%) and tryptophan (0.10%) with an average enhancement of 1.71- and 1.79-fold, respectively was recorded among reconstituted hybrids over original versions (lysine: 0.23%, tryptophan: 0.06%). Improved hybrids exhibited high phenotypic resemblance with their original hybrids. The average cob yield (11.82 t/ha) and brix (17.66%) of improved hybrids was at par with their original versions (cob yield: 11.27 t/ha, brix: 17.04%). These biofortified sweet corn hybrids rich in provitamin-A, lysine and tryptophan hold immense significance as multinutrient-rich balanced food. This is the first report to stack sh2, crtRB1 and o2 genes to improve nutritional quality in sweet corn. 相似文献
13.
Assessment on Evaluating Parameters of Rice Core Collections Constructed by Genotypic Values and Molecular Marker Information 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
WANG Jian-cheng HU Jin ZHANG Cai-fang ZHANG Sheng 《水稻科学》2007,14(2):101-110
Eleven evaluating parameters for rice core collection were assessed based on genotypic values and molecular marker information. Monte Carlo simulation combined with mixed linear model was used to eliminate the interference from environment in order to draw more reliable results. The coincidence rate of range (CR) was the optimal parameter. Mean Simpson index (MD), mean Shannon-Weaver index of genetic diversity (MI) and mean polymorphism information content (MPIC) were important evaluating parameters. The variable rate of coefficient of variation (VR) could act as an important reference parameter for evaluating the variation degree of core collection. Percentage of polymorphic loci (p) could be used as a determination parameter for the size of core collection. Mean difference percentage (MD) was a determination parameter for the reliability judgment of core collection. The effective evaluating parameters for core collection selected in the research could be used as criteria for sampling percentage in different plant germplasm populations. 相似文献
14.
Florence Esnault Roland Pellé Jean-Paul Dantec Aurélie Bérard Marie-Christine Le Paslier Jean-Eric Chauvin 《Potato Research》2016,59(4):329-343
This study presents the development of a core collection capturing the genetic diversity of a collection of 350 tetraploid cultivated potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.). The core collection was established by using simple sequence repeats (SSR) data and the M strategy, which aims at maximizing the allelic diversity. A 48-core collection was defined which captured 99.5% of the SSR alleles used to establish it, and 96.9% of the SSR alleles which belonged to an independent set of markers. The defined core collection was further validated by analysing 35 agro-morphological traits. The class coverage value and the estimates of the Shannon-Weaver diversity index indicated a good representation of the phenotypic diversity in the core collection. Furthermore, the core set included accessions having the most desirable status for several agronomic traits. A linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis, using data obtained with the SolCAP SNP array on the defined core collection, was performed. The population structure analysis showed that the core collection did not present a clear genetic structure. The linkage disequilibrium analysis carried out between markers located on the same pseudomolecule within 10,000 bp concluded that 41.3% of these pairs of SNP markers have a significant LD. We conclude that this core collection, representative of the genetic diversity of cultivated potato varieties, is a relevant tool for a first screening for genetic variation regarding novel traits of interest. 相似文献
15.
玉米骨干亲本黄早四抗病基因遗传传递规律的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
对玉米抗病基因SSR标记的分析表明,在黄早四、4个黄早四衍生系和衍生系配制的4个杂交种中都存在矮花叶病抗性基因mdml(t)与玉米茎腐病抗性基因Rfg1,但不具有茎腐病抗性基因Rpi1。鲁单981具有南方锈病抗性基因RppQ,其余8个材料都不含该基因。对小斑病抗性基因STS标记的扩增结果显示9,个材料具有大小相同的带型,序列分析显示黄早四具有抗性基因rhm。SSR标记和STS标记分析结果同田间抗性相符合,两种分子标记可有效地用于玉米抗性基因的遗传传递分析。 相似文献
16.
17.
S. C. Ferrari Usandizaga E. A. Brugnoli A. I. Weiss A. L. Zilli M. Schedler E. M. Pagano E. J. Martínez C. A. Acuña 《Grass and Forage Science》2015,70(4):695-704
Acroceras macrum is a warm‐season grass used for pastures, and it has high nutritive value. The scarce genetic and reproductive information about this grass is limiting its breeding for forage. The objective of this research was to determine the number of genotypes and cytotypes present in a collection established in Argentina, and to estimate the diversity of this species based on molecular markers, and morphological and agronomic characteristics. The number of genotypes among forty‐seven accessions was determined using ISSR markers. The identified genotypes were further characterized for ploidy levels. In addition, the genetic distances among them were estimated with ISSR markers. They were also propagated and planted into the field following a randomized complete block design with four replications, and a group of sixteen morphological and agronomic variables were evaluated. A total of twenty‐seven genotypes were identified in this collection; twenty‐two genotypes were tetraploid (2n = 4x = 36) and five were hexaploid (2n = 6x = 54). These two cytotypes were found clearly separated by both genetic and phenotypic characteristics. Above‐ground biomass, internode length, initial growth and number of spikelets per inflorescence were the most variable traits. The high diversity present in this collection will allow for the initiation of a breeding programme for A. macrum. 相似文献