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1.
喜树组织培养初步研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以喜树(Camptotheca cuminata Decne)的离体胚作为外植体，探讨了不同基本培养基和不同激素配比对喜树组织培养与快速繁殖的影响，从而筛选出建立喜树无性系的最优培养基配方。结果表明：幼胚萌发培养基以MS(不加任何激素的MS培养基)为佳；外植体诱导增殖培养以MS 腺嘌呤10mg/L 柠檬酸30mg／L BA2．0mg／L NAA0．1mg／L最优，其愈伤组织诱导率为95％，芽增殖系数为6．2。生根培养基以1／2MS BA0．1mg/L IBA0．3mg／L为最适，在此条件下根发育良好，生根率为80％。 相似文献
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菊花的组织培养及移栽技术初探 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
利用菊花的茎尖、茎段和侧芽作为外植体，在不同激素水不的培养基上诱导产生愈伤组织、从生芽和根，完成植株再生。研究发现，3种外植体以茎尖最好，其愈伤组织的产生和芽的分化速度较快；高质量浓度的细胞分裂素可以诱导芽的分化，但会抑制芽的进一步生长。具体的培养程序为：外植体首先在低质量浓度细胞分裂素的培养基上长出愈伤组织，然后再转入细胞分裂素含量高的培养基上诱导产生不定芽，再在维持培养基上使芽长高，最后移入生根培养基上长成完整植株。文内对室外移栽的方法和管理技术还进行了研究和探讨。 相似文献
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红掌不同品种产生愈伤组织的差异 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
对10个红掌品种2种外植体、4种愈伤组织诱导培养基的组培试验结果:H3、H4、H10、H6、H1等5个品种愈伤组织的平均直径(叶片外植体依次为5.0～3.8mm,叶柄外植体依次为6.6～4.9mm)明显大于H5、H2、H9、H8、H7等5个品种(叶片外植体均为1.0mm,叶柄外植体依次为1.2～2.0mm);叶柄外植体愈伤组织平均直径明显大于叶片外植体;参试培养基B、D产生愈伤组织的直径大于培养基A、C;愈伤组织大的5个品种经增殖、继代培养成完整植株,而愈伤组织小的5个品种愈伤组织在增殖培养中逐渐褐变,全部死亡。 相似文献
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将虎杖P olygonum cusp id a tum不同外植体经不同消毒时间处理后,接种在添加不同激素种类和水平的相同基本培养基上或相同激素种类和水平基本培养基上进行诱导实验,同时对根和根茎芽、叶、韧皮诱导的愈伤组织进行白藜芦醇含量的测定.结果表明:基本培养基以M S较好,外植体叶对激素种类较为敏感,其中适当浓度的NAA诱导愈伤组织比2,4-D的效果好,KT比BA好,添加KT的培养基上诱导愈伤组织比较紧密,有利于分化,在M S+NAA 2 m g/L+KT 0.1 m g/L培养基上诱导愈伤组织较好,根茎芽的诱导率最高,为73%;愈伤组织的生长趋势从接种的第3天开始生长,到21 d时生长达到最高峰,干质量为0.461 2 g,以后生长速度减慢;对不同材料诱导的愈伤组织进行白藜芦醇含量的测定,其中根茎部芽的诱导的愈伤组织中白藜芦醇含量最高,其次是叶和根,最低的为韧皮. 相似文献
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针叶十大功劳愈伤组织诱导研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
针叶十大功劳Mahonia fortunei生长期长、市场需求量大、野生资源日益匮乏的现状,首次以针叶十大功劳Folium Mahoniae茎、叶为外植体诱导愈伤组织生长.实验结果表明选用B5及MS培养基,温度24±1℃,暗培养条件下均可诱导出愈伤组织,但B5培养基更适宜于针对十大功劳愈伤组织诱导.培养基中添加植物激素2,4-D0.5 mg/L、KT0.5 mg/L时,愈伤组织诱导率最大,且外植体污染率最低.相同培养条件下,选用茎为外植体较选用叶片为外植体可获得更高的愈伤组织诱导率.培养基中添加3%蔗糖有利于愈伤组织的诱导,但添加NH4NO3则可明显降低愈伤组织诱导率.研究结果对开展十大功劳的人工繁殖研究具有一定的参考价值. 相似文献
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本研究以水曲柳不同外植体(无菌苗叶片和下胚轴、未成熟合子胚、成熟和未成熟合子胚子叶)为材料，在胚性愈伤组织诱导、胚性愈伤组织增殖、体胚形成、体胚萌发生根培养基上诱导分化。结果表明，附加了5.0 mg·L-1 NAA和2.0 mg·L-1 6-BA的激素配比的MS培养基，为诱导水曲柳胚性愈伤组织最适培养基；在5种不同的外植体中，成熟和未成熟合子胚子叶更适合作为诱导胚性愈伤组织的外植体；在诱导胚性愈伤组织中，成熟合子胚子叶诱导率为11.7%,未成熟合子胚子叶诱导率为9.7%;胚性愈伤组织在继代培养过程中，WPM为最佳基础培养基，附加0.1 mg·L-1 6-BA和0.15 mg·L-1 2,4-D的激素配比，胚性愈伤组织的增殖系数可达到1.54。在体胚成熟过程中，MS培养基内添加1.0 mg·L-1 ABA时，体胚的诱导率最高，达到55%。在生根萌发的WPM基础培养基中附加1.0 mg·L-1 IBA和1.0 mg·L-1 IAA的激素配... 相似文献
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以MS,B5,NT,H,1/2MS,6,7-V及White为基本培养基,分别添加1.0mg·L-12,4-D和0.5mg·L-1KT,分析不同类型培养基对雷公藤愈伤组织生长及次生代谢产物含量的影响,并以NT为基本培养基进行光照条件、pH值、接种量、不同外植体以及培养时间试验,探讨雷公藤愈伤组织生长及次生代谢产物含量的最佳培养条件。结果表明:6,7-V培养基有利于愈伤组织生长和继代保存,White培养基上雷公藤内酯醇及雷公藤总生物碱含量最高,NT培养基适合进一步继代培养。pH5.8时,最有利于愈伤组织生长,pH6.7时雷公藤内酯醇的含量最高,而雷公藤总生物碱含量在pH5.2时最高;光照处理中,暗光不仅有利于愈伤组织生长,也有利于雷公藤内酯醇及雷公藤总生物碱的积累,且褐化程度较轻。根愈伤组织增长量、雷公藤内酯醇含量最高,而叶愈伤组织中雷公藤总生物碱的含量最高。愈伤组织最适继代时间为40～45天,雷公藤内酯醇及雷公藤总生物碱的产量在第50天时最高。 相似文献
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不同盐浓度对木麻黄无性系愈伤组织的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
以短枝木麻黄4个无性系幼枝茎段为外植体，在不同NaCl浓度的培养基上进行愈伤组织诱导，观察不同盐浓度对木麻黄外植体愈伤组织分化的影响。试验结果表明：培养基中NaCl浓度达到0．064mol／L(0．374％)，比正常浓度高出320倍的情况下木麻黄外植体表现出很强的耐盐性，仍然能诱导出正常的愈伤组织；不同的NaCl浓度的各个处理之间愈伤组织的诱导率、大小、出芽率、继代愈伤组织的大小均没有显著差异；但无性系之间的愈伤组织的诱导率及愈伤组织的大小均有极显著差异；不同继代间愈伤组织的大小有极显著差异。 相似文献
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《西部林业科学》2015,(4)
采用喜马拉雅红豆杉的幼叶、幼嫩茎段、幼根为材料,比较不同外植体、基本培养基、植物生长调节剂的配比、抗氧化剂以及培养条件对愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明,幼叶做为外植体时,其诱导率高于幼嫩茎段和幼根,愈伤组织量大;MS、1/2MS、B5和WPM基本培养基上均能诱导出愈伤组织,其中MS基本培养基上诱导效果最好,显著高于其他的基本培养基;MS培养基上添加1 mg/L 6-BA和0.5 mg/L 2,4-D配合使用时,诱导率达到93.6%,愈伤组织生长也最旺盛;基本培养基MS中添加1 mg/L Vc时褐变现象得到极大抑制,愈伤组织生长较好;暗培养有利于愈伤组织的诱导,且诱导出的愈伤组织质量好。 相似文献
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Seed source variation in camptothecin concentrations of nursery-grown Camptotheca acuminata seedlings 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Seeds from eight geographical sources of Camptotheca acuminata Decaisne were germinated and grown in a completely randomized design in a nursery in northern Louisiana, under common management treatments. Growth and camptothecin (CPT) concentrations were measured. Variations in seed length, stem diameter, stem height, and CPT concentrations were found among the eight seed sources tested. The China-1 and 2 sources were among the highest in leaf, stem, and root CPT concentrations, whereas the Texas source was the lowest. The seeds contained higher CPT concentrations than did their corresponding seedlings in each case. Seeds of China-2 and SC-6 sources had the highest CPT concentrations, whereas those of China-3 had the lowest. Results suggest that there is geographic variation among the seed sources for the measured traits. Additional seed source studies, to better understand the variation available in the species, are necessary to develop high yielding families or clonal lines for future production. 相似文献
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栽培密度是植物生长的重要影响因子,能够显著影响植物的生长.2004年5月,将温室培养的喜树(Camptotheca acuminata Descne)幼苗按照5种栽培密度(11、16、25、44、100株·m-2)移栽到田间,并于2004年9月中旬采收.我们对喜树幼苗的生长(包括株高和冠幅)、生物量分配、喜树碱含量和产量进行了研究.就5种栽培密度而言,喜树幼苗生物量、株高、冠幅及总叶面积均在密度为25株·m-2时最大.嫩叶喜树碱含量高于喜树幼苗其它各器官的喜树碱含量并且随栽培密度的改变有明显变化,在100株·m-2时达到最大,但其它器官喜树碱含量随栽培密度的变化不显著.栽培密度为25株·m-2时,喜树碱积累显著增强.结果显示,为得到较高喜树碱含量的喜树原料,喜树幼苗的最适栽培密度应为25株·m-2. 相似文献
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喜树与喜树碱开发利用进展 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
自发现喜树中的喜树碱具有抗癌活性以来,科技工作者对喜树和喜树碱进行了较为系统的研究。对喜树的研究,主要体现在对喜树生长发育的基本规律、树体中喜树碱及其类似物的含量及分布规律、部分环境因子对树体内喜树碱含量的影响、组织培养与悬浮培养技术等方面的研究,指出收获幼嫩枝梢是实现提取原料快速生产的一条有效途径。而对喜树碱的研究则集中在对喜树碱的抗癌机理、分子结构、结构与抗癌效果、生产工艺等方面,人工合成也取得了可喜的进展,但一直没有得到左旋的喜树碱。以喜树碱及其类似物为基础的药物开发已进入第３代,临床试验和效果观察更是成绩卓著。本文对几十年来国内外上述几方面的研究进行了综述,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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The topoisomerase I-DNA inhibitor alkaloid camptothecin has been evaluated from the various parts of Nothapodytes foetida. The bark contained 0.27% dry wt of camptothecin and 0.11% dry wt 9-methoxycamptothecin followed by the root, stem, and leaves. Immature seeds contained higher concentrations of camptothecin (0.32% dry wt) and 9-methoxycamptothecin (0.16% dry wt) compared to mature seeds. Various parts of mature and immature seeds were analysed to determine the content of the major alkaloids. Zygotic embryos of immature seeds contained 0.11% dry wt of camptothecin and 0.04% dry wt of 9-methoxycamptothecin. The highest concentration of camptothecin (0.42% dry wt) and 9-methoxycamptothecin (0.18% dry wt) were accumulated in the cotyledons of immature seeds. 相似文献
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C. acuminata seedlings cultivated in greenhouse were transplanted into the fields with 5 designed planting densities (11, 16, 25, 44 and
100 plants·m−2) in May of 2004 and were harvested in the middle of September of 2004. The seedling growth indexes including plant height
and crown width, biomass allocation, camptothecin (CPT) content and CPT yield of different organs (young leaf, old leaf, stem,
and root) were studied. For the 5 selected planting densities, the plant biomass, height, crown width, and total leaf area
ofC. acuminata seedlings all showed highest values at the planting density of 25 plants·m−2. CPT content in young leaves was higher than that in other organs of seedlings and presented an obvious change with the variation
of planting densities and with the highest value at density of 100 plants·m−2, while for other organs no significant variation in CPT content was found with change of planting density. The accumulation
of CPT was enhanced significantly at the planting density of 25 plants·m−2. It is concluded that for the purpose to get raw materials with more CPT fromC. acuminata, the optimal planting density ofC. acuminata seedlings should be designed as 25 plants·m−2.
Foundation item: This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 3970086) and Heilongjiang Province Foundation
for Distinguished Youth Scholars (JC-02-11)
Biography: Wei Huan-yong (1978-), male, Graduate in College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
Responsible editor: Zhu Hong 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献