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张学科 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2019,(5):39-39
兽医更倾向于使用抗虫谱更广的抗寄生虫药剂。本文介绍基于美国FDA批准使用的5类广谱复方抗寄生虫复合药剂。1美贝霉素肟和氯芬奴隆复合制剂在美国,美贝霉素肟与氯芬奴隆的二元复方制剂获准可用于犬,复方药中各组分的最小剂量参照为美贝霉素肟0.5mg/kg,氯芬奴隆10mg/kg,每30d用药一次,能有效预防恶丝虫。该产品也可以杀灭犬钩虫;有效地驱除和控制蛔虫(犬弓首蛔虫、狮弓首蛔虫)和毛尾线虫(狐毛尾线虫),并能防治跳蚤的侵扰。该药不能用于4周龄以下或体重在1kg以下的幼犬。该复方药也获准与烯啶虫胺同时使用,以快速击倒跳蚤。 相似文献
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8美贝霉素肟（Milbemycin Oxime）大环内酯类抗寄生虫药。作为杀微丝蚴药预防犬恶丝虫引起的心丝虫病。也可控制钩虫和蛔虫感染。对鞭虫、鼻螨（犬拟肺刺螨Pneumony—ssoidescani—num）、蠕形螨也有效。对猫的犬恶丝虫幼虫感染也有预防作用。 相似文献
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大环内酯类抗寄生虫药由两大类组成,即阿维菌素类（包括阿维菌素、伊维菌素、多拉菌素、塞拉菌素、埃玛菌素和埃普利诺菌素）和米尔贝霉素类（包括米尔贝肟和莫西菌素）。其中阿维菌素和伊维菌素（阿维菌素的衍生物,含有双氢阿维菌素B1a 80％以上,含有双氢阿维菌素B1b 20％以下）是目前在兽医临床应用最广泛的两种广谱、高效、低毒的大环内脂类抗寄生虫药物。 相似文献
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阿维菌素族抗寄生虫药物的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
阿维菌素族抗寄生虫药是当今使用最为广泛的抗内、外寄生虫药物。本就阿维菌素族药物的结构、衍生物类、作用机制与抗虫谱、药物的代谢和应用作一综述。 相似文献
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合理使用抗寄生虫药物可有效预防寄生虫病的发生,保护鸡群,减少养殖户的经济损失.本文主要从药物的选择、给药时间、方法、途径和剂量等方面阐述了如何正确使用抗寄生虫药物,希望能对一线的兽医临床工作者提供一定的抗虫理论和方法. 相似文献
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1 马杜霉素的药效及应用
马杜霉素又称马度米星,由一种马杜拉放线菌发酵产物中分离提取而得,临床常用其铵盐.马杜霉素属单价糖苷聚醚类离子载体抗生素,是目前抗球虫作用最强、用药浓度最低的聚醚类抗球虫药.本品抗球虫谱广,对子孢子、滋养体和第一代裂殖体具有抗虫活性,能有效控制6种致病的鸡艾美耳球虫,同时也能有效控制对其他聚醚类离子载体抗生素具有耐药性的虫株.马杜霉素和化学合成的抗球虫药之间不存在交叉耐药性. 相似文献
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阿维菌素是当今使用最为广泛的抗内、外寄生虫的药物之一。本文根据作者长期工作经验就阿维菌素的作用机制、抗虫谱、药物代谢和临床应用作一综述。 相似文献
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米尔贝肟是新型的半合成大环内酯类驱虫药物,是米尔贝霉素A3和A4的肟衍生物,对控制和预防大部分常见寄生虫疾病都有很好的效果.通常用来预防恶丝虫病,控制线虫、钩虫引发的犬、猫疾病及犬的鞭虫病.由于米尔贝肟对体内外寄生虫均有很好的驱杀作用,并对阿维菌素类药物敏感的犬毒性较小,其应用和研究越来越受到重视,但目前在国内应用较少. 相似文献
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W. P. Bredal B. Gjerde M. L. Eberhard † M. Aleksandersen D. K. Wilhelmsen ‡ L. S. Mansfield § 《The Journal of small animal practice》1998,39(12):595-604
A 10-year-old, 9 kg, intact male crossbred dog was treated for nasal mites with milbemycin oxime using a dose of 1 mg/kg bodyweight orally, three times at 10-day intervals. One month after the initiation of this treatment a subcutaneous nodule developed on the sternum of the dog. The nodule was removed and found to contain a single, 82 mm long, thread-like nematode. Several exotic parasites were suspected as possibilities because the dog had been imported to Norway from South Africa. Microfilariae were not detected in the blood and heartworm antigen tests were negative. The worm was identified morphologically as an adult, female Dirofilaria repens. This is the first report of D repens from Norway. The case is of interest because of the differential diagnostic problem it posed and because infestation was recognised following treatment of another parasitic condition with a broad-spectrum, antiparasitic drug. In addition, the case provides a reminder of the necessity to be aware of geographical differences in disease occurrence which can produce unexpected disease in non-endemic areas as a consequence of increased international travel with pets. 相似文献
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沙罗拉纳(sarolaner)属异恶唑啉类化合物,是一种新型广谱杀虫药。沙罗拉纳已被证实通过特异性阻断昆虫γ-氨基丁酸受体和谷氨酸门控氯离子通道而显示出抗寄生虫活性。本文综述了近年来沙罗拉纳在国外伴侣动物体外寄生虫防治中的开发及临床应用情况,旨在为该药的深入研究和国内开发应用提供参考。近年来,该药主要用于犬猫等伴侣动物体外寄生虫的临床预防和治疗,对蜱类、蚤类、螨类等体外寄生虫有高效的杀灭作用。与其他杀虫药相比,该药在分子结构、作用位点和选择性等方面有显著差异,具有杀虫活性强、治疗剂量低、安全性高等优点。此外,该药通过与多种药物联合应用,可提高治疗效果,扩大治疗范围。就国外研究来看,沙罗拉纳是一种安全广谱的高效杀虫剂,拥有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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基因工程在动物医药学中的应用与研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文阐述了基因工程在动物医药学中的最新应用研究，重点介绍了基因工程药物、基因工程抗体、基因治疗技术、基因诊断技术等几大生物医药技术的研究和应用，在预防和临床医学上以及对传统医药学都产生了深刻的变革，具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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Swan GE 《Journal of the South African Veterinary Association》1999,70(2):61-70
The halogenated salicylanilides are a large group of compounds developed mainly for their antiparasitic activity in animals. Several halogenated salicylanilides with potent antiparasitic activity have been synthesised of which only closantel, niclosamide, oxyclozanide, rafoxanide and resorantel are commercially available. Closantel and rafoxanide, which represent the most important drugs in the group, are used extensively for the control of Haemonchus spp. and Fasciola spp. infestations in sheep and cattle and Oestrus ovis in sheep in many parts of the world. Niclosamide is used extensively for its anticestodal activity in a wide range of animals. Antiparasitic activity of the halogenated salicylanilides has also been demonstrated against a large number of other internal parasites, in particular haematophagous helminths, and external parasites including ticks and mites, in a variety of animal species. Several cases of toxicity and mortality have been reported for closantel and rafoxanide in sheep and goats. Their unique pharmacokinetic behaviour appears to play an important role in the efficacy and safety of these compounds. The chemical and physical characteristics, mode of action, pharmacokinetics, antiparasitic activity and toxicity of the halogenated salicylanilides in animals are reviewed. 相似文献
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E T Lyons J H Drudge S C Tolliver 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2000,16(3):501-513
Over the past few years, cyathostomiasis has become increasingly recognized as a clinical problem of horses in the United States. Clinical cyathostomiasis has been reported frequently in Europe for a considerable time. This clinical syndrome is usually related to the sudden release of large numbers of the larval stages of small strongyles from the mucosa of the large intestine. Typical clinical signs include diarrhea, ventral abdominal edema, pyrexia, colic, weight loss, and poor body condition. Hypoalbuminemia and the presence of large numbers of small strongyles being passed in the feces are also characteristic features of the disease. The disease may occur seasonally in late winter and early spring or after drug treatment to remove the luminal stages of small strongyles. Two commercially available drugs, moxidectin and fenbendazole, have been shown to be effective against the encysted larval stages of the parasites. Drug resistance of small strongyles to all classes of currently available antiparasitic compounds except the macrocyclic lactones (ivermectin and moxidectin) is a limiting factor in controlling these parasites and may result in an increased prevalence of clinical cyathostomiasis over time. 相似文献