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1.
《饲料工业》2015,(20)
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加半胱胺螯合锌(Zn-CS)对营养限制型发育迟缓猪生长性能、生理生化指标、免疫机能及养分消化率的影响。试验选用50头体重(6.26±0.97)kg大白营养限制型发育迟缓猪,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复2头猪,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组是在基础饲粮中分别添加32、40、48、56 mg/kg Zn-CS,试验期28 d。结果表明:156 mg/kg组极显著提高营养限制型发育迟缓猪的平均日增重(P0.01),48、56 mg/kg组显著降低料肉比(P0.05),添加Zn-CS极显著降低腹泻率(P0.01);256 mg/kg组极显著提高血液生长激素、T3和T4水平(P0.01),48、56 mg/kg组极显著降低生长抑素水平(P0.01);356 mg/kg组能极显著提高Ig A和血清总蛋白水平(P0.01),显著提高血液Ig G水平(P0.05);448、56 mg/kg组均能显著提高干物质、粗蛋白及粗脂肪的表观消化率(P0.05);5添加Zn-CS显著降低粪中大肠杆菌数(P0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加适量Zn-CS,可有效提高营养限制型发育迟缓猪的生长性能,降低腹泻率,增强免疫机能,提高养分消化率和改善肠道微生物平衡,Zn-CS较适宜添加量为56 mg/kg。 相似文献
2.
饲粮添加复合抗菌肽与包被氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能及血清生化指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《动物营养学报》2015,(9)
本试验旨在研究饲粮添加复合抗菌肽(C-AMPs)与包被氧化锌(C-ZnO)对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、养分表观消化率及粪中微生物菌群的影响。试验选用平均体重为(6.98±0.05)kg的大白仔猪160头,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头猪。各组分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+0.5mg/kg C-AMPs(C-AMPs组)、基础饲粮+1 800 mg/kg C-ZnO(C-ZnO组)、基础饲粮+0.5mg/kg C-AMPs+1 800mg/kg C-ZnO(C-AMPs+C-ZnO组)。试验期28d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加C-AMPs、C-ZnO以及二者共同添加可显著或极显著提高断奶仔猪的平均日增重及平均日采食量(P0.05或P0.01);极显著降低断奶仔猪腹泻率(P0.01)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加C-AMPs、C-ZnO血清生长激素含量显著升高(P0.05),血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著降低(P0.05);饲粮C-AMPs和C-ZnO共同添加血清免疫球蛋白G、生长激素、白细胞介素2和白细胞介素6含量极显著提高(P0.01);饲粮添加C-AMPs血清猪瘟抗体含量极显著提高(P0.01)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加CZnO显著提高粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和有机物表观消化率(P0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮添加C-AMPs、C-ZnO以及二者共同添加粪中大肠杆菌数量极显著减少(P0.01),双歧杆菌数量极显著增加(P0.01)。综合分析,饲粮中添加C-AMPs与C-ZnO可提高断奶仔猪的生长性能和养分表观消化率,调节相关免疫因子,调节肠道菌群平衡。 相似文献
3.
《动物营养学报》2016,(9)
本试验旨在探讨饲粮中添加三丁酸甘油酯(TB)和牛至油(OEO)对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、营养物质表观消化率和粪中微生物菌群的影响。试验选用28日龄平均体重为(7.27±0.68)kg的健康大白断奶仔猪128头,随机分成4组,每组4个重复,每个重复8头猪。各组分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+1 kg/t TB(TB组)、基础饲粮+1 kg/t OEO(OEO组)、基础饲粮+1 kg/t TB+1 kg/t OEO(TB+OEO组)。试验期28 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,OEO组显著提高了断奶仔猪平均日增重(P0.05),极显著降低了腹泻率(P0.01);TB+OEO组显著降低了断奶仔猪料重比(P0.05),极显著降低了腹泻率(P0.01)。2)各组之间血清生化指标无显著差异(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,TB+OEO组显著提高了断奶仔猪粗蛋白质表观消化率(P0.05),极显著提高了粗脂肪表观消化率(P0.01)。4)与对照组相比,TB组、OEO组和TB+OEO组均极显著降低了粪中大肠杆菌的数量(P0.01);TB+OEO组显著提高了粪中双歧杆菌的数量(P0.05)。综上所述,基础饲粮中添加TB+OEO可提高断奶仔猪生长性能,改善营养物质表观消化率,调节肠道菌群平衡。 相似文献
4.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加伊利石对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率、血清抗氧化和免疫功能、肠道形态及粪便氮素排放的影响。选取144头28日龄健康"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪[平均体重(7.27±0.89)kg],按完全随机区组设计分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复6头猪(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加2 000和4 000 mg/kg伊利石(替代等量的玉米)。试验期28 d。结果表明,与对照组相比:1)试验第1~14天和第1~28天,4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪平均日增重和增重耗料比显著提高(P<0.05);试验第1~14天,4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05)。2)4 000 mg/kg伊利石组仔猪干物质、粗蛋白质和总能表观消化率在试验第1~14天显著提高(P<0.05),粗蛋白质表观消化率在试验第15~28天显著提高(P<0.05)。3)试验第14天,4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪血清免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白G含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著提高(P<0.05),血清丙二醛含量则显著降低(P<0.05);试验第28天,4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪血清T-AOC显著提高(P<0.05)。4)4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪空肠和回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度(V/C)值显著升高(P<0.05),试验组回肠绒毛高度(P=0.07)和十二指肠V/C值(P=0.06)有升高的趋势。5)4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪每千克体增重粪氮排放量在试验第1~14天显著降低(P<0.05),试验组仔猪在试验第15~28天每千克体增重粪氮排放量有降低的趋势(P=0.06)。综上,饲粮添加4 000 mg/kg伊利石可显著提高断奶仔猪机体抗氧化和免疫功能,改善肠道形态,降低腹泻率,提高养分消化率,减少粪便氮素排放,促进仔猪生长。 相似文献
5.
包被氧化锌对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及营养物质表观消化率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验通过与未包被氧化锌(Zn O)对比,考察包被氧化锌(C-Zn O)对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标、营养物质表观消化率影响,旨在研究C-Zn O取代传统Zn O的效果,对生产实践中减少Zn O用量的可能性和加强其效果的可能性进行探讨。选28日龄遗传背景相似、平均体重为(9.32±0.38)kg的断奶大白仔猪120头,随机分成5组,每组4个重复,每个重复6头猪(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加2 400 mg/kg Zn O和1 800、2 400、2 760 mg/kg C-Zn O。试验期为28 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加2 400 mg/kg C-Zn O可极显著提高断奶仔猪的平均日增重(P0.01),显著降低料重比(P0.05),极显著降低腹泻率(P0.01),其中2 400 mg/kg C-Zn O组的平均日增重极显著高于Zn O组(P0.01)。与对照组相比,2 400 mg/kg C-Zn O组血清生长激素、免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M含量极显著升高(P0.01);粗蛋白质和粗脂肪的表观消化率极显著改善(P0.01);大肠杆菌菌群数量极显著降低(P0.01),双歧杆菌菌群数量极显著升高(P0.01)。2 400 mg/kg C-Zn O组与Zn O组相比,血清生长激素含量显著提高(P0.05),碱性磷酸酶活性显著降低(P0.05)。1 800 mg/kg C-Zn O组与Zn O组生长性能、血清指标及营养物质表观消化率差异均不显著(P0.05)。Zn O组与对照组相比腹泻率显著降低(P0.05),其他生长性能指标差异不显著(P0.05)。本研究结果提示:添加2 400 mg/kg C-Zn O可显著提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,改善营养物质消化状况,有效控制仔猪腹泻;1 800 mg/kg C-Zn O可替代2 400 mg/kg Zn O。 相似文献
6.
《动物营养学报》2015,(9)
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平转猪生长激素(PGH)基因乳酸菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫指标、粪中微生物及养分消化率的影响。试验共选择160头体重(7.56±0.56)kg的(21±2)日龄断奶仔猪,分为4个组,每个组4个重复,每个重复(栏)10头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.1%、0.2%、0.3%的转PGH基因乳酸菌,试验期为28d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加转PGH基因乳酸菌极显著提高断奶仔猪的末重和平均日增重(P0.01),显著降低料重比(P0.05);极显著降低各试验组的腹泻率与腹泻指数(P0.01)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.1%转PGH基因乳酸菌可显著或极显著提高血清免疫球蛋白A与补体4含量(P0.05或P0.01)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加转PGH基因乳酸菌显著降低粪中大肠杆菌数量(P0.05);加0.1%转PGH基因乳酸菌组极显著增加乳酸杆菌数量(P0.01)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.1%转PGH基因乳酸菌极显著提高干物质与粗蛋白质表观消化率(P0.01),显著提高总磷表观消化率(P0.05)。综合分析,饲粮中添加转PGH基因乳酸菌可提高断奶仔猪的生长性能和养分表观消化率,提高免疫力,调节肠道菌群平衡;添加水平为0.1%时效果最佳。 相似文献
7.
本试验旨在研究饲粮铜、锌添加水平对育成期蓝狐生长性能、营养物质利用率及氮代谢的影响.试验采用2×3完全随机试验设计,分别在基础饲粮中添加2个水平的锌(40和120 mg/kg)和3个水平的铜(30、45和60 mg/kg),另设对照组(添加0 mg/kg铜和40 mg/kg锌).选用(55±5)日龄、体重相近的健康雄性蓝狐84只,随机分成7组,每组12个重复,每个重复1只.预试期为7d,正试期为75 d.结果表明:1)饲粮中添加铜有提高蓝狐平均日增重(P=0.06)和降低料重比(P=0.08)的趋势,但并未观测到铜、锌之间的互作效应(P＞0.05).30 mg/kg铜+40 mg/kg锌和45 mg/kg铜+120 mg/kg锌组平均日增重显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),料重比显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).2)饲粮中添加铜能极显著提高蓝狐蛋白质和脂肪消化率(P＜0.01).60mg/kg铜+40mg/kg锌和60mg/kg铜+120mg/kg锌组蓝狐蛋白质消化率极显著高于对照组(P＜0.01),45 mg/kg铜+120 mg/kg锌组显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).30 mg/kg铜+40 mg/kg锌、45 mg/kg铜+40 mg/kg锌、30 mg/kg铜+120 mg/kg锌、60 mg/kg铜+120 mg/kg锌组蓝狐脂肪消化率极显著高于对照组(P＜0.01),45 mg/kg铜+120mg/kg锌组显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).饲粮铜、锌添加水平对粪便中铜排出量有极显著影响(P＜0.01);饲粮锌添加水平对粪便中锌排出量有极显著影响(P＜0.01).各组蓝狐铜排出量和锌排出量并未观测到铜、锌之间的互作效应(P＞0.05).3)饲粮中添加铜极显著降低了粪氮含量(P＜0.01),饲粮铜、锌添加水平并未对各组蓝狐食入氮、尿氮、氮沉积含量及蛋白质生物学价值、净蛋白质利用率产生显著影响(P＞0.05).综合试验结果得出,育成期蓝狐饲粮中添加30 mg/kg铜+40mg/kg锌(总铜、总锌水平为别37.68和80.08 mg/kg)时可提高蓝狐的生长性能和营养物质消化率,同时降低了粪便中氮的排放. 相似文献
8.
本试验旨在探究刺蒺藜提取物(Tribulus terrestris extract,TTE)对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清抗氧化指标及五羟色胺(5-HT)含量的影响。选用(37±2)日龄的"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪128头,随机分成4个组,每组4个重复,每个重复8头猪。分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、125、250和500 mg/kg TTE的试验饲粮,试验期28 d。分别于51和65日龄时称取空腹体重,收集血液和粪便,测定血清抗氧化指标和5-HT含量以及养分表观消化率。结果表明:1)随饲粮TTE添加水平的增加,断奶仔猪的平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)增加,料重比(F/G)降低;与对照组相比,500 mg/kg组37~51日龄、51~65日龄和37~65日龄时的ADG分别显著提高18.65%、17.62%和18.10%(P0.05)。2)饲粮添加TTE能提高断奶仔猪的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)和粗灰分(Ash)表观消化率;与对照组相比,250 mg/kg组49~51日龄时的CP表观消化率显著提高5.38%(P0.05),49~51日龄和63~65日龄时的Ash表观消化率分别显著提高22.96%和52.46%(P0.05)。3)饲粮添加TTE能提高断奶仔猪血清谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,降低血清丙二醛(MDA)含量。与对照组相比,51日龄时,250和500 mg/kg组的血清CAT活性分别显著提高99.42%和114.53%(P0.05),500 mg/kg组的血清M DA含量极显著降低46.98%(P0.01);65日龄时,250和500 mg/kg组的血清M DA含量分别极显著降低53.57%和57.74%(P0.01)。4)饲粮添加TTE能提高断奶仔猪的血清5-HT含量;与对照组相比,250 mg/kg组65日龄时的血清5-HT含量极显著提高33.81%(P0.01)。综上,饲粮添加500 mg/kg TTE可显著提高断奶仔猪的ADG,降低F/G;添加250 mg/kg TTE可提高断奶仔猪的CP和Ash表观消化率,提高血清5-HT含量,改善抗氧化能力,从而减少应激的发生。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究壳聚糖对断奶仔猪生长性能、粪便评分及血清激素和T淋巴细胞亚群的影响。选取28日龄断奶的杜×大×长三元杂交仔猪60头,随机分为5组(每组12头):对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加250、500、1 000和2 000 mg/kg壳聚糖的试验饲粮。试验期14 d。结果表明:1)饲粮添加250~2 000 mg/kg壳聚糖显著提高断奶仔猪的平均日增重(ADG)(P0.05),显著降低料重比(F/G)(P0.05);2)饲粮添加250~2 000 mg/kg壳聚糖显著降低试验第11天断奶仔猪的粪便评分(P0.05);3)饲粮添加适宜剂量的壳聚糖显著提高断奶仔猪的血清促生长激素释放激素(GHRH)(250~2 000 mg/kg)、生长激素(GH)(500~1 000 mg/kg)和瘦素(LP)(2 000 mg/kg)的浓度(P0.05),显著降低血清促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH)(250~2 000 mg/kg)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)(500~1 000 mg/kg)、皮质醇(COR)(250~2 000 mg/kg)和可溶性CD8(sCD8)(500~2 000 mg/kg)的浓度(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加适宜剂量的壳聚糖能够促进断奶仔猪的生长,降低腹泻,缓解断奶应激。 相似文献
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为研究Levan型低聚果糖对断奶仔猪生长性能和养分消化率的影响,试验选择18日龄体重(5.5±0.15)kg的240头健康杜长大三元杂种断奶仔猪,按体重相近、公母各半的原则,随机分为3个组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮、阿美拉霉素组在对照组饲粮中添加阿美拉霉素165 g/t、Levan组在对照组饲粮中添加Levan型低聚果糖1 000 g/t。每组8个重复,每个重复10头仔猪,试验期28 d。结果表明:1)0~14 d对照组和Levan组的料重比显著高于阿美拉霉素组(P0.05);2)15~28 d阿美拉霉素组的日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05),且料重比显著低于对照组和Levan组(P0.05);3)15~28 d Levan组的料重比显著低于对照组(P0.05);4)0~28 d阿美拉霉素组和Levan组的料重比显著低于对照组;5)对照组的腹泻频率显著高于阿美拉霉素组和Levan组(P0.05);6)与对照组相比,Levan组提高第14天和第28天的干物质、氮和总能的消化率(P0.05)。总之,试验结果表明在本试验条件下,断奶仔猪饲粮中添加1 000 g/t Levan型低聚果糖降低了料重比和腹泻频率,但未达到添加阿美拉霉素的水平。 相似文献
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Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
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In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum. 相似文献
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Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2019,(18):54-58
应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。 相似文献
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K Reifenberg M Stahl U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(3):191-198
A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays. 相似文献
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《The Journal of small animal practice》1975,16(1-12):143-154
Circular excised skin wounds in the thoracic and metatarsal regions of the dog were studied. A similar sequence of events took place in the two regions although differences did occur due to the different reactions of the tissues which surrounded the wounds. None of the wound cavities became filled with exudate during the early stages of healing. In the thoracic wounds the cavities were largely filled by the swelling and inward movement of adipose tissue. Epithelium first grew on the wound surface in the sector of the wound that was situated in the direction of hair flow. The average time to complete epithelization was similar in both sets of wounds. A zone of alopecia developed around the wounds. 相似文献