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禽轮状病毒的分离鉴定及部分特性研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
从北京某自然腹泻的鸡场 中成功地分离到一伯禽轮状病毒，并经鸡胚单层肝细胞和ＭＡ１０４细胞进行了传代培养，对其生物学特性作了部分研究，从而为我国禽轮状毒的毒株鉴定、诊断及疫苗等系列研究提供了一定依据。 相似文献
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肉种禽网状内皮增生症、鸡传染性贫血和禽白血病血清学调查 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
对不同种鸡场不同周龄肉种鸡进行REV、CAV和ALV（A、B亚群）抗体检测。在572份血清样品中，除了一个8．1周龄和15周龄鸡群CAV抗体阳性率分别为13．3％和75％外，其它鸡群无论是否进行CAV疫苗免疫，抗体阳性率均为100％。在212份血清样品中，REV抗体阳性率在16．7％～62．5％之间；ALV（A、B亚群）抗体阳性率在0％～75％之间。本研究结果表明，所检测种鸡群中存在3种免疫抑制性病毒的感染或混合感染。 相似文献
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为确定禽脑脊髓炎(AE)、鸡痘(AP)二联活疫苗的安全性、最小免疫剂量及免疫效力,自制3批二联活疫苗进行研究。结果显示,鸡接种10倍剂量疫苗后精神、食欲及发育均正常,临床表现和剖检均无异常;AEV YBF02株的最小免疫剂量为100 EID50,鸡痘鹌鹑化弱毒株的最小免疫剂量为10 EID50;3批疫苗AEV YBF02株的病毒含量均≥103.2EID50/羽份,鸡痘鹌鹑化弱毒株的病毒含量均≥103.4EID50/羽份,攻毒后保护指数为89~100。试验表明,自制二联活疫苗安全、有效、质量可控,可用于预防禽脑脊髓炎和鸡痘。 相似文献
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应用胶体金免疫层析法(GICA)、血凝抑制试验(HI)和琼脂扩散试验(AGID)三种方法同时检测所采集的342份鸡血清样品,并对三者的检测结果进行比较。结果发现,HI试验的阳性检出率最高(78.65%),其次为GICA(69.88%)和AGID试验(59.36%);GICA与HI的符合率为89.47%,与AGID的符合率为84.21%,HI与AGID的符合率为80.70%。结果表明,GICA比AGID试验更为敏感,且与HI试验有较好的符合率,可用于禽流感的血清学监测。 相似文献
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This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of influenza A viruses in birds and humans residing in the same localities of Sharkia Province, Egypt and the risk factors' assessment in poultry farms. A total of 100 birds comprised of 50 chickens, 25 ducks and 25 wild egrets were sampled. Swab samples were collected from 65 people (50 poultry farm workers and 15 hospitalized patients). All samples were screened for the presence of influenza A viruses using isolation and molecular assays. Avian influenza viruses were only detected in chicken samples (18%) and molecularly confirmed as subtype H5. The infection rate was higher in broilers (40%) than layers (8.6%). Influenza A (H1) pdm09 virus was detected in a single human case (1.54%). All the isolated AI H5 viruses were clustered into clade (2.2.1.2) and shared a high similarity rate at nucleotides and amino acid levels. In addition, they had a multi-basic amino acid motif (ـــPQGEKRRKKR/GLFـــ) at the H5 gene cleavage site that exhibited point mutations. Chicken breed, movement of workers from one flock to another, lack of utensils' disinfection and the introduction of new birds to the farm were significant risk factors associated with highly pathogenic AI H5 virus infection in poultry farms (p ≤ 0.05). Other factors showed no significant association. The HPAI H5 viruses are still endemic in Egypt with continuous mutation. Co-circulation of these viruses in birds and pdm09 viruses in humans raises alarm for the emergence of reassortant viruses that are capable of potentiating pandemics. 相似文献
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Objective To develop a method for identifying DNA of Aspergillus fumigatus from ostriches, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A fumigatus is the principal causative agent of avian aspergillosis.
Design A biochemical trial.
Sample population Twelve Aspergillus fumigatus isolates and three other Aspergillus species.
Procedure PCR primers that were based on the sequence of the alkaline protease gene from human isolates of A fumigatus were used.
Results We successfully tested the method on ostrich isolates from five states and showed that the test is specific for A fumigatus.
Conclusions In most cases the DNA sequence of A fumigatus isolates from ostriches is similar to that of human isolates. DNA sequences vary significantly among A fumigatus isolates, including those from affected ostriches in the same flock. The genetic variation may be used to trace aspergillus infections in ostrich flocks and determine if the disease is transmitted by contact with infected birds. 相似文献
Design A biochemical trial.
Sample population Twelve Aspergillus fumigatus isolates and three other Aspergillus species.
Procedure PCR primers that were based on the sequence of the alkaline protease gene from human isolates of A fumigatus were used.
Results We successfully tested the method on ostrich isolates from five states and showed that the test is specific for A fumigatus.
Conclusions In most cases the DNA sequence of A fumigatus isolates from ostriches is similar to that of human isolates. DNA sequences vary significantly among A fumigatus isolates, including those from affected ostriches in the same flock. The genetic variation may be used to trace aspergillus infections in ostrich flocks and determine if the disease is transmitted by contact with infected birds. 相似文献
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鸡新城疫,传染性鼻炎,禽支原体病,减蛋综合征四联油乳？… 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
鸡新城疫、传染性鼻炎、禽支原体病、减蛋综合征四联油乳剂灭活苗的安全和免疫效力试验,证明该苗的安全性和免疫效力良好,用常规剂量１－３倍的四联灭活苗注射,未见不良反应。开产前注射０．５ｍｌ／只,接种后１０天均可产生免疫力,２０天达高峰,四联油乳剂灭活苗具有免疫剂量小,产生抗体早,抗体水平高,免疫效果好,使用方便等优点。 相似文献
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采用禽白血病抗体ELISA检测试剂盒,对武平县境内三个黄羽品种鸡采集6个场272份血清进行禽白血病A、B亚型抗体（ALV-AB）和J亚型抗体（ALV-J）检测。结果表明：武平县三个黄羽品种鸡群中存在ALV-J亚型和AB亚型自然感染现象,其中ALV-AB抗体阳性率为27.6%（75/272）,ALV-J抗体阳性率为20.6%（56/272）,同时具有ALV-AB抗体和ALV-J抗体的阳性率为11%（30/272）;不同鸡群的ALV感染有所不同,广西三黄鸡〉长汀河田鸡〉武平象洞鸡、商品鸡〉种鸡。 相似文献
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V. Ratz R. Maas G. Semjén A.S.P.J.A.M. van Miert R.F. Witkamp 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(3):82-87
Summary The various sulphonamides show marked differences in disposition characteristics after administration to ruminants. For use in combination with a diaminopyrimidine derivative such as trimethoprim or baquiloprim, it is essential that a sulphonamide has similar pharmacokinetic properties in order to obtain optimal synergy. In the present study the pharmacokinetics of sulphamethoxazole, sulphatroxazole, and sulphamerazine were investigated in dwarf goats (n=6) after IV and intraruminal administration at a dose of 30 mg/kg bodyweight. In addition, the in vitro binding of sulphamerazine to ruminal contents was studied as a possible explanation for a reduced absorption rate. Sulphamethoxazole showed the most rapid absorption after intraruminal administration (mean tmax ± SD : 0.8 ± 0.2h). However, the drug was rapidly eliminated from the plasma (t1/2ß : 2.4 ± 1.5h) and the bioavailability was only 12.4 ± 4.7 %, most likely due to an extensive ‘first‐pass’ effect. The bioavailability of orally administered sulphamerazine and sulphatroxazole was much higher (67.6 ± 13.5 % and 70.2 ± 32.3 %, respectively). After intraruminal administration, sulphatroxazole showed the highest plasma peak concentration (26.1 ± 6.3 mg/I) and the longest plasma half‐life (4.7 ± 1.8h) and mean residence time (13.9 ± 4.5 h). Sulphamerazine showed considerable binding to rumen contents in vitro. Based on its pharmacokinetic properties sulphatroxazole appears to be a suitable candidate to be used in combination with the more recently developed diaminopyrimidines such as baquiloprim. 相似文献
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鸡白血病病毒抗原ELISA试剂盒的研制和应用 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
以双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验（ＤＡＳ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）为基本原理，成功地研制出鸡白血病病毒抗原ＥＬＩＳＡ试剂盒，该试剂盒与国外同类试剂盒相比，具备相同的特异性和敏感性，对ＲＡＶ－１纯化样品的最小检出量可达０．７８ｕｇ／ｍｌ，且敏感性高于直接补体结合试验。经初步应用发现，我国商品种鸡群ＡＬＶ阳性率为０．７－１４％，在部分ＳＰＦ鸡群中未检出阳性鸡。 相似文献
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禽白血病病毒（avian leukosis virus, ALV）是一种能引起禽类多种类型肿瘤的反转录病毒,包括A-J等10个亚群。其中J亚群禽白血病病毒（Subgroup J of avian leukosis virus, ALV-J）是20世纪80年代末Payne等首先从肉鸡中分离鉴定出来的亚群。自1999年我国首次分离ALV-J以来,ALV-J已从肉用鸡群向蛋用型鸡群和地方品系鸡群传播。本文对我国鸡群J亚群白血病流行的过去、现在和将来及其防控作以简要介绍,以期对我国动物疫病防控产生新的启示。 相似文献
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禽白血病病毒B、E和J亚群基因芯片检测方法的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的基于多重PCR技术,建立禽白血病病毒(ALV)的B、E、J亚群的基因芯片分型和检测方法。方法根据NCBI已收录的ALV三个亚群的参考毒株cDNA序列,在各亚群特异性基因突变区两端选取其保守区域,设计合成三个亚群的通用上游引物1条,以及B、E亚群的通用下游引物和J亚群下游引物各1条,将上述引物用Cy3标记,建立多重PCR体系;参考靶序列内部的三个亚群各自的保守区域,选择亚群之间基因突变位点多的区域,设计合成5条寡核苷酸探针,制作寡核苷酸探针基因检测芯片;以寄主细胞DF-1中提取传代ALV的cDNA,以及合成NCBI收录的各亚群参考毒株的cDNA序列作为检测模板;利用Cy3标记的PCR扩增产物,与基因芯片进行杂交反应,扫描结果。结果芯片准确检测并分型三个亚群的参考毒株,其检测灵敏度能够达到102个基因拷贝,且与禽类常见的四种病毒均无交叉反应。结论本研究结果证明,基因芯片技术是一种ALV的B、E和J亚群进行检测和分型的有效方法,且具有较高的特异性和灵敏度,为今后在临床应用中快速鉴别诊断ALV等免疫抑制病提供可行性。 相似文献