共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 893 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
滨海盐碱地枣园土壤酶活性与土壤养分、微生物的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对垦利县黄河口镇枣园的土壤酶活性进行研究。结果表明：随土层深度的增加，土壤酶活性下降。脲酶与过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶极显著正相关，相关系数分别为0．996、0．943；脲酶与多酚氧化酶相关性不大，相关系数为0．377；过氧化氢酶与过氧化物酶呈显著正相关，相关系数为0．911；多酚氧化酶与其他3种酶的相关性不大。土壤酶与土壤养分、pH值、土壤微生物有较强的相关性，其中脲酶与土壤养分、pH值和固氮菌、真菌、细菌的相关性显著，相关系数在0．444以上；多酚氧化酶与土壤养分和微生物的相关系数较小；过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶与土壤养分、pH值、纤维素分解菌和真菌的相关性显著，相关系数在0．451以上。 相似文献
4.
针对4种不同土壤改良措施改造的油茶低产林的土壤养分、酶活性进行了测定和分析.结果表明:4种土壤改良措施都有促进土壤养分释放的功效,配合有机肥施入的土壤改良措施对促进土壤养分释放和提高土壤酶活最有效;无论土壤改良与否,4种土壤酶活的垂直分布基本一致,但酶活性强度明显变化;相关分析表明,土壤有机质、氨态氮、速效磷、速效钾与... 相似文献
5.
不同抚育措施对油茶林土壤养分 微生物及酶活性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对常宁地区不同抚育措施油茶林的土壤养分、微生物及酶活性进行了测定和分析。结果表明:各林分间土壤养分、微生物数量和酶活性存在较大差异。同一林分土壤养分、微生物数量和酶活性随取样深度的增加逐渐降低。锄抚林地在土壤养分、微生物总数和酶活性方面明显高于未抚育和刀抚林分。相关分析表明,这3种林分的土壤养分(有机质、全氮、碱解氮和速效磷)与微生物数量及酶活性之间存在相关关系;细菌数量和脲酶活性与土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮和速效磷等主要养分指标呈显著或极显著正相关;过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶活性与土壤养分指标间相关性不强。 相似文献
6.
4种人工林土壤酶活性与养分的相关性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以长沙市城乡交错带4种人工林为研究对象,对不同林分下不同层次土壤的理化性质及脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、纤维素酶的活性进行了分析,并对其相关性进行了研究,结果表明:土壤容重自上而下逐渐增加,但差异不明显;土壤pH、有机质及各土壤养分含量均随土层加深而减小;杉木林的土壤肥力状况最好,樟树林较差;不同林分下土壤酶活性均表现出随土层深度增加而减弱的变化规律,杉木林酶活性最高,枫香林酶活性最低;各林分土壤酶活性的高低与土壤容重、含水率没有相关性,土壤磷酸酶、脱氢酶、纤维素酶活性与pH呈显著负相关(P0.05),土壤中5种酶的活性与土壤主要养分因子间均存在极显著或显著的正相关关系。 相似文献
7.
选择黄土高原丘陵沟壑区甘肃省天水市吕二沟流域为研究区,以其林地、果园、耕地、草地和撂荒地5种主要土地利用类型为研究对象,探讨不同土地利用方式下土壤酶活性的变化规律。结果表明,除蔗糖酶外,脲酶、蛋白酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶总体变化规律相似,林地土壤酶活性显著高于其它土地利用方式;其次是果园和耕地、草地较低,撂荒地酶活性最低。蔗糖酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、酸性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶等相互之间关系密切,并与土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷和全钾等主要养分含量呈显著正相关。土地利用方式对土壤酶活性与养分均有显著影响,土壤酶活性可作为土壤质量评价的一个参考指标。积极巩固退耕还林恢复工程和减少人为活动的干扰,将有利于土壤质量的提升。 相似文献
8.
八角林地土壤酶活性和养分的分布特点及其相关分析 总被引：12，自引：4，他引：8
研究了广西高峰林场和大明山自然保护区八角林地土壤酶活性(包括过氧化氢酶、转化酶、脲酶、蛋白酶和酸性磷酸酶)和养分的分布特点及土壤酶活性与土壤养分的关系。结果表明:(1)土壤养分含量和酶活性以表层土壤的最大,随土壤深度的增加逐渐下降;(2)坡位不同,土壤养分含量和主要酶活性也不同,呈现下坡>上坡的趋势;(3)土壤酶活性与土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、水解氮、速效磷和速效钾密切相关,不同的土壤酶活性之间存在极显著的相关性。因此,土壤酶活性可作为八角林地土壤肥力的指标之一。 相似文献
9.
10.
落叶松人工林土壤腐殖质特征和土壤酶活性的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
落叶松人工林土壤腐殖质特征和土壤酶活性的研究阎德仁（内蒙古自治区林科院０１００１０）森林凋落物的蓄积与分解是土壤有机质的主要来源，也是土壤养分归还的主要途径，因此，有机枯落物的转化是人工林养分循环过程的重要组成部分。由于有机凋落物在土壤酶及微生物作用... 相似文献
11.
不同林分土壤微生物、酶活性与土壤肥力的关系研究综述 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
土壤微生物和土壤酶活性是反映土壤肥力最为重要的生物学指标之一。文章综合论述了不同林分土壤微生物种群和数量的分布及其影响因素，并对土壤酶活性对土壤肥力的影响做了分析，显示土壤微生物、酶活性与土壤养分有显著的相关关系。 相似文献
12.
杨树混交林地土壤微生物与酶活性的变异研究 总被引：39，自引：2，他引：39
对北京大兴县林场和河南省民权国营林场２块试验林，面积分别为１．８６ｈｍ￣２和３．２ｈｍ￣２，连续四年（１９９２－１９９５）进行土壤微生物与酶活性定位观测和定量分析，研究杨树不同混交模式土壤微生物和土壤酶活性的变异及其对土壤营养元素含量和林木生长的影响。结果表明：（１）杨树混交可以提高林地土壤微生物数量，５种处理间存在差异（Ｐ＝７９％）。（２）不同混交处理，土壤酶活性存在差异（Ｐ＝８７％），其中转化酶、磷酸酶在Ａ、Ｃ处理中增长较明显；５种酶活性之间差异极显著（Ｐ＞９９％）。（３）杨树混交林的土壤营养元素、土壤微生物、酶活性与林地生产力关系密切。 相似文献
13.
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) is a medicinal crop which provides tens of millions of dollars in income every year
for Canadian farmers. Most of the ginseng roots are produced in open fields under expensive shade structures. Farmers need
to plant ginseng at a very high density to achieve profitability. Since high planting densities are related to high disease
levels, field-cultivated ginseng requires frequent applications of pesticide. Growing ginseng in forests eliminates the need
of a shade structure and may reduce the need for pesticides. Thus, an experiment was performed in a maple (Acer rubrum) forest
in Québec to evaluate the effects of nutrient inputs such as lime or compost on ginseng development. Ginseng emergence and
survival rates, leaf area and foliar and root weight were evaluated for each treatment. Soil samples were taken in each plot
to determine the concentration of various soil nutrients. During the first two years of the experiment, it was noted that
the application of lime had a significative positive effect on ginseng growth. This effect could be related to higher calcium
concentration and/or lower aluminium toxicity. Liming would be an efficient way to improve the early development of ginseng
in maple forests. This practice is also known to improve the health of maple stands.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
森林土壤酶的研究进展 总被引：79，自引：4，他引：79
土壤酶在土壤生态系统的物质循环和能量流动方面扮演重要的角色。目前 ,在几乎所有的森林生态系统研究中 ,土壤酶活性的监测似乎成为必不可少的研究内容。森林凋落物分解过程中的酶活性动态 ,植被特征与土壤酶活性的关系 ,土壤微生物与土壤酶的关系 ,植物 -土壤界面的土壤酶 ,森林土壤质量评价指标的土壤酶及人类活动干扰对森林土壤酶活性的影响等是当前森林土壤酶学的研究重点。由于土壤酶的功能和生态重要性 ,森林土壤酶研究可能包括 :(1 )土壤酶系统分异 ;(2 )作为森林土壤质量综合评价指标的土壤酶活性 ;(3)植被动态与土壤酶的关系 ;(4 )退化森林生态系统的土壤酶活性特征 ;(5 )人工林土壤酶活性特征 ;(6 )人类活动对森林土壤酶系统的影响。本文从土壤酶系统分异和生态系统的角度对土壤酶在森林生态系统中的作用和地位进行了综述 ,这对于加深理解森林生态系统中的物质循环、土壤酶的生态重要性以及森林生态系统退化机理有重要作用 相似文献
15.
广西英罗港不同红树植物群落土壤理化性质与酶活性的研究 总被引：60，自引：5，他引：60
本文对广西英罗港自然保护区不同红树植物群落土壤主要性质进行了较系统的研究。结果表明 ,英罗港不同红树植物群落土壤理化性质和酶活性均存在明显差异 ,土壤粘粒粉粒含量和有机质、全氮、水解氮、全磷、速效磷及盐分含量为 :木榄群落 >红海榄群落 >秋茄群落 >桐花树群落 >白骨群落 ;土壤蔗糖酶、蛋白酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶 4种水解酶和过氧化氢酶的活性大小顺序为红海榄群落 >木榄群落 >秋茄群落 >桐花树群落 >白骨壤群落 ,多酚氧化酶则与此相反 ;土壤养分含量和土壤水解酶以及多酚氧化酶活性均随剖面深度而降低 ,过氧化氢酶则呈相反趋势。英罗港红树植物群落土壤酶活性与土壤肥力因素密切相关 ,各土壤酶活性之间也存在不同程度的相关性。因此 ,土壤酶活性可以作为该土壤肥力的指标之一。 相似文献
16.
17.
Fiber farming utilizing fast growing trees provides a means to satisfy the increasing demand for hardwood fiber. To maximize growth during the establishment phase, it is important to understand the relationship between maximal growth rate, plant nutrient requirements, and the ability of the soil to supply nutrients. The objectives of this study were: (i) to use a steady state nutrition technique to establish threshold N, P, and K ratios associated with maximal growth and (ii) to use the Barber–Cushman nutrient uptake model as a means of coupling information on the nutrient supplying capacity of the soil with the optimum N:P:K ratio. Growth chamber and greenhouse studies, using Populus nigra×maximowiczii (NM-6), were conducted to determine maximal growth rate, optimal N, P, and K content, uptake kinetics, and soil supply characteristics. Maximal growth rate was 0.12 g g−1 per day at a whole plant ratio of 100N:11P:37K. The Barber–Cushman model was run using soil supply and root growth data from the greenhouse study. Nitrogen, P, and K uptake were simulated for a 105-day period in response to the addition of a slow release 17–6–12 fertilizer at rates equivalent to 0, 75, or 150 kg ha−1 of N. Model predictions of uptake improved as the amount of fertilizer added increased. Uptake estimates at the 150 level were 96, 120, and 98% of observed uptake for N, P, and K, respectively. The model predicted that the supply of N was not adequate to support sustained plant uptake throughout the study period. Plant uptake and soil supply observations confirmed that N uptake occurred primarily in the first half of the growth period and that soil N supply was quickly depleted. Model simulations of P uptake support earlier observations that uptake is not solely a function of supply. A 10-fold increase in simulated supply increased uptake by a factor of 6. Much more needs to be done before a soil supply model like Barber–Cushman can be used as a nutrient management tool in forestry applications. However, establishing optimum levels, ratios, and rates of nutrient addition provides a good starting point for further evaluation. 相似文献
18.
Eric P. Burkhart 《Agroforestry Systems》2013,87(5):1157-1172
In the eastern United States, there is interest among forest landowners in American ginseng husbandry, and particularly in cultivating this plant on forestlands using a wild-simulated forest farming approach. This study documented the flora and soil conditions associated with wild and wild-simulated ginseng populations throughout Pennsylvania (PA) to develop floristic “indicators” that can be used to identify supportive growing sites on forestlands. A total of 243 plant species were documented associates of ginseng across PA: 32 over-story trees, 37 shrubs and understory trees, 15 vines, 143 herbs, and 16 ferns. Statistical analysis revealed a largely shared floristic assemblage throughout the state although some associates did differ according to region and physiographic province. Previous studies have suggested that a soil calcium content, especially soils having at least 3,360 kg ha?1 (3,000 lbs ac), appear to be particularly conducive to wild and wild-simulated ginseng occurrence and/or vigor, and indicator species analysis in this study revealed that three of the top plant associates that can be used for determining sites that meet this calcium threshold in PA are white ash, Jack-in-the-pulpit, and rattlesnake fern. These results suggest that successful adoption of wild-simulated ginseng forest farming is likely to be improved in forested areas where these species are found collectively as a dominant component of local plant assemblages. 相似文献
19.
Large areas of northern coniferous forests once naturally maintained by stand-replacing wildfires have shifted to an anthropogenic disturbance regime of clearcut harvesting followed by natural or artificial regeneration, with unknown consequences for soil biogeochemical processes. We used a comparative approach to investigate the effects of whole-tree harvesting (WTH) vs. stand-replacing wildfire (WF) on soil C and nutrient availability, and nutrition and growth of the succeeding stand, in jack pine (Pinus banksiana) forests of northern Lower Michigan. We compared total carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), potential N mineralization, and extractable phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) among stands regenerated via WTH or WF in two age classes (4–7 years and 12–18 years). We also measured jack pine foliar nutrition and height growth in these same stands, as well as estimating the contribution of legacy dead wood to ecosystem nutrient capital in young stands. We found some evidence in support of our hypothesis that WTH would leave behind greater pools of soil C and N, but lower pools of P and base cations. However, the differences we observed were confined entirely to surface organic horizons, with the two disturbance regimes indistinguishable when viewed cumulatively to our maximum sampling depth of 30 cm. Estimates of nutrient pools in legacy wood inherited by young jack pine stands were also small in comparison to total soil pools (ranging from 1 to 9% depending on the element), suggesting that decomposition and nutrient release from this material is not likely to result in noticeable differences in soil fertility later in stand development. Similar levels of soil nutrients between WTH- and WF-origin stands were reflected in our measures of jack pine foliar nutrition and height growth, which were both unaffected by mode of stand origin. Results from this study suggest that soil nutrient levels following WTH fall within the natural range of variation produced by WF in these jack pine forests; however, comparison with a similar study on boreal jack pine suggests that latitudinal effects on O-horizon nutrient capital may influence the degree to which WTH matches the effects of WF on soil nutrient availability. 相似文献