共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
橄榄总多酚提取工艺优化研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验采用酒石酸铁法提取橄榄多酚,通过单因素和正交试验研究了提取溶剂浓度、浸提温度、浸提时间、料液比以及提取次数对橄榄多酚提取得率的影响。结果表明：影响橄榄多酚提取得率的主要因素及顺序为浸提时间>浸提温度>料液比>溶剂浓度。在考察范围内,橄榄多酚的最佳提取工艺条件为：乙醇浓度50%（v/v）,浸提时间2 h,浸提温度40℃,料液比(g/mL)1:30,橄榄多酚的提取得率为32.13%。 相似文献
2.
超声波提取茄子皮天然红色素工艺研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过单因素试验确定了提取溶剂种类、提取剂浓度、料液比、提取温度、浸提时间及超声波功率的适用范围,再利用正交试验法进行工艺优化,得出超声波提取茄子皮天然红色素的最佳工艺条件。试验结果表明,影响因素主次顺序为：料液比〉提取时间〉提取温度。用酸性无水乙醇溶液超声波提取茄子天然红色素的最佳工艺条件为料液比1：6、浸提温度70℃、浸提时间30min、功率160W。 相似文献
3.
通过单因素试验,分析了不同浸提剂、浸提剂浓度、料液比、浸提时间、浸提温度5个因素对桑籽皮多酚提取量的影响,通过正交试验,确定了桑籽皮多酚的最佳提取条件为:浸提剂(丙酮)体积分数为70%,料液比1∶35,回流温度45℃,回流时间1.5h。在此提取条件下,提取量达到1.332mg/g干籽皮,为桑籽皮多酚的工业化提取提供科学依据。 相似文献
4.
梨果心与果皮中多酚提取工艺的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
多酚具有抗氧化、抗衰老等生理功能。为充分开发利用梨加工产品的副产物——梨果心与果皮中富含的多酚,本试验以鸭梨果心、果皮为材料,采用正交试验方法,研究其多酚提取的最佳工艺条件。结果表明：温度和浸提时间对果心和果皮多酚的提取效果没有显著影响;果皮多酚的提取效果受料液比、提取次数和溶剂三个因素的影响较大;果心多酚的提取效果仅受料液比的影响较大。梨果心和果皮多酚的适宜提取工艺条件为：以80%乙醇为提取溶剂,料液比为1∶15（m∶V）,提取二次,其提取液中的多酚含量可分别达到530μg·g-1和488μg·g-1。 相似文献
5.
欧李叶片中多酚的提取工艺优化 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
【研究目的】以欧李叶片为试验材料,多酚提取率为评价指标,探讨欧李叶片多酚提取的工艺条件。【方法】以丙酮为提取剂,选定浸提时间、溶剂浓度、料液比、浸提温度为考察的4个因素,以L9（34）正交试验设计,采用常规提取法和微波提取法研究提取欧李叶片中多酚的最佳条件。【结果】利用常规法从欧李叶片中提取多酚各因素对多酚提取率影响的主次顺序为：浸提温度＞浸提时间＞固液比＞提取剂浓度,得出最优方案为A1B3C3D3,与试验中最佳处理组合A1B3C3D3相一致;利用微波法从欧李叶片中提取多酚各因素对提取率影响的主次顺序为：提取剂浓度＞固液比＞辐射时间＞辐射功率,得出最优方案为A1B2C3D2,与试验中最佳处理组合A1B2C2D2不一致。【结论】欧李叶片中多酚提取的最佳工艺为70%丙酮溶液,固液比1︰450,浸提时间1.5 h,浸提温度70℃。 相似文献
6.
南瓜果胶提取工艺的优化研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
为建立适用于从南瓜中提取果胶的超声波辅助酸解工艺,采用单因素试验确定提取南瓜果胶的各因素水平,包括提取液酸度、料液比(g/mL)、浸提温度和浸提时间。利用L9(34)正交试验优化南瓜果胶的超声辅助酸解条件。结果表明,当超声辅助酸解条件为：提取液pH 2.0,料液比(g/mL)1:30,浸提温度75℃,浸提时间60 min,南瓜果胶得率最高,达到21.9%。 相似文献
7.
以石榴渣为原料,研究了提取溶剂及其浓度、浸提温度、浸提时间和料液比对多酚提取效果的影响,并通过正交试验对4因素影响下的提取工艺进行了优化,确定了石榴渣多酚乙醇提取的最优工艺为:乙醇体积分数50%,浸提温度60℃,料液比1:20,浸提时间4h,以此优化工艺进行试验,一次提取得率为0.51%,二次提取得率为0.69%。超声波辅助提取的最佳处理时间为30min,提取2次,多酚得率为0.79%。原料干燥方式采用烘箱干燥较好。该工艺具有一定的实用性和可行性。 相似文献
8.
通过单因素试验研究了红小豆色素的提取溶剂、提取溶剂的浓度、pH值、料液比、浸提温度、时间和次数的工艺参数,并通过正交试验对红小豆色素提取条件进行了优化,确定了最佳浸提条件:20%乙醇水溶液,料液比1∶60,中性条件下,75℃恒温水浴浸提100 min。 相似文献
9.
台湾祥龙火龙果果皮色素的提取方法 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
研究了台湾祥龙火龙果果皮色素提取的最佳条件。使用不同的提取剂对色素提取有较大的影响，通过单因素和正交实验确定乙醇提取火龙果果皮色素的pH值、液料比、浸提温度和浸提时间的最佳方法。结果表明，果皮红色素提取的乙醇溶液最大吸收峰波长为536nm，溶液颜色为鲜红色；该色素是一种水溶性和醇溶性天然红色素，最佳提取条件为pH5.0、液料比6.4:1、浸提温度40℃和浸提时间60min。 相似文献
10.
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
13.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
15.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
16.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
17.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献