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1.
CACNA2D1基因定位在猪的第9号染色体上,其位置与影响肉质性状的QTL重叠,可作为肉质性状的候选基因。采用PCR-SSCP技术,对160头金华×皮特兰资源家系F2猪CACNA2D1基因3′端非翻译区片段进行扩增分型,共产生2种等位基因,3种基因型。通过测序发现,在CACNA2D1基因3′端非翻译区(序列DQ981407)有一单核苷酸替换(C→A)。对不同标记基因型与肉质性状的最小二乘分析表明,AA基因型猪大腿肌肉的pH45值、大腿肌肉导电率和肌内脂肪含量的最小二乘均数比BB基因型分别高0.169,0.26和0.021,差异显著(P<0.05);A等位基因的加性效应分别为0.084 5,0.133 5和0.010 5。 相似文献
2.
根据GenBank上的Ghrelin基因序列设计1对引物,应用PCR技术直接从可乐猪肌肉组织基因组中扩增出了包含Ghrelin基因全序列的特异片段,包括第一、第二外显子和第一内含子DNA序列,并进行直接测序,分析该基因与可乐猪12项肉质性状的关联性,结果表明：在Ghrelin基因第一内含子上检测到1个单碱基突变：G252A,表现出纯合型GG和杂合型GA两种基因型,其中GG基因型频率高于GA基因型频率,达65.4%,等位基因G为优势等位基因,表现为低度多态。χ2检验表明,该SNP位点处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P﹥0.05)。最小二乘分析显示,Ghrenlin基因252位点对可乐猪的肉质性状无显著影响(P>0.05)。 相似文献
3.
采用PCR-SSCP方法,检测134头牛IGF-I基因5'调控区的多态性.结果表明,在外显子1上游510 bp处检测到1个C→T的碱基突变,有2个等位基因和3种基因型.统计结果发现,在夏洛莱牛和草原红牛群体中等位基因A占优势,但是在利木赞牛群体中却是等位基因B占优势,西门塔尔牛群体中2种等位基因的比例相对平均.AB基因型在4个群体中均为优势基因型.夏洛莱牛、西门塔尔牛、利木赞牛群体均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05),而草原红牛群体处于非平衡状态(P<0.05).为今后对牛的肉质性状研究打下分子生物学基础. 相似文献
4.
甘肃肉牛CAST基因的多态性及其与肉质性状的相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为研究甘肃肉牛CAST基因的多态性及与肉质性状的相关性。利用PCR-RFLP对甘肃肉牛CAST基因多态性检测并利用最小二乘法拟合线性模型探索不同基因型与肉质性状间的关系。结果表明：在CAST基因3个SNP位点中发现T750C、A557G、G556T、351处DelGTT的T/C;相关分析表明：Hga I位点的各基因型与肉质性状均差异不显著;Hpy188III位点的剪切力值,AT基因型显著高于AA基因型;Acl I位点在剪切力值上Hh基因型显著高于HH基因型,HH基因型在失水率上显著高于hh基因型。鉴定了CAST基因是影响肉质性状的候选基因。 相似文献
5.
中国西门塔尔牛SCD1基因多态性与肉质性状的相关分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用Illumina HD SNP技术对484头中国西门塔尔牛SCD1基因的遗传变异及其与部分肉质性状的相关性进行了分析.结果表明,该群体中存在7个SCD1基因的SNP位点.SCD1基因第4内含子存在A8605G、A9229G与A10050C 3个SNP位点;第5内含子存在1个SNP位点A12304G;3' UTR区存在A13655G、C14790T与A15565G 3个位点.A8605G位点的B等位基因为优势等位基因,频率为0.748,其他位点等位基因频率在0.4 ～0.6之间.x2检验结果显示,SCD1基因的所有SNPs均处于哈代-温伯格平衡状态(P＞0.05).SCD1基因的7个SNPs位点全部为中度多态,杂合度和有效等位基因数均较高.SCD1基因SNP多态性与肉质性状的关联分析表明,SCD1基因对肌内脂肪含量、剪切力、大理石花纹等级和脂肪颜色有一定的影响,可以作为改善牛肉质量进行标记辅助选择的重要候选基因. 相似文献
6.
中国西门塔尔牛CACNA2D1基因的遗传变异及其与屠宰性状的关联分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
旨在研究中国西门塔尔牛CACNA2D1基因的遗传变异及其与屠宰性状的关系。本试验与所采用的传统的PCR-SSCP或者PCR-RFLP技术不同,首次借助高通量SNP芯片技术在136头中国西门塔尔牛群体中对CACNA2D1基因的遗传变异进行了研究。结果显示,在中国西门塔尔牛CACNA2D1基因上总计发现12个有效SNP位点,其中4个位点Ho、He和PIC值较低属于中低度多态,8个位点属于高度多态。卡方适合性检验表明,10个位点处于HarDY-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。各位点遗传变异与屠宰性状进行关联分析显示,位点1不同基因型个体在肉色性状方面差异显著(P<0.05),位点2不同基因型个体在大腿肉厚方面差异显著(P<0.05),位点3不同基因型个体在胴体重、屠宰率、眼肌面积和大腿肉厚几个重要屠宰性状差异显著(P<0.05),在肉色性状达到了差异极显著(P<0.01)。位点3杂合子AB基因型为优势基因型,其他位点AA为优势基因型。本研究表明,CACNA2D1基因可以作为中国西门塔尔牛部分屠宰性状候选基因,尤其是位点3可以作为中国西门塔尔牛屠宰性状的重要潜在分子标记,从而为中国西门塔尔牛现代育种提供一定... 相似文献
7.
8.
为检测CAPN4基因在牦牛群体中的多态性,分析CAPN4基因启动子区突变对甘南牦牛胴体及肉质性状的影响,寻找与牦牛此类性状相关的分子遗传标记。采用PCR-SSCP技术检测830头甘南牦牛、大通牦牛和天祝白牦牛CAPN4基因启动子区突变并分析其多态性,运用SPSS 19.0软件中的GLM模型分析基因突变对甘南牦牛胴体及肉质性状的影响。牦牛CAPN4基因启动子区存在a.-1222GA的单碱基突变,检测到AA、AB和BB 3种基因型。相关性分析结果表明,a.-1222GA的突变对不同年龄甘南牦牛胴体和肉质性状有一定影响,其中4,6岁牦牛BB型个体熟肉率显著高于AA型或AB型(P0.05);3,6岁牦牛AB型个体失水率显著高于BB型或AA型(P0.05),而5岁牦牛BB型个体肌肉失水率显著高于AA型(P0.05);3,5岁牦牛BB型个体的眼肌面积显著高于AA和AB型(P0.05)。等位基因A对4,6岁牦牛熟肉率、各龄牦牛肌肉保水性和眼肌面积均存在不利影响;除5岁牦牛携带等位基因A个体的胴体重显著低于未携带者外,该突变对其他年龄段牦牛胴体重及全部牦牛个体的肌肉嫩度无显著影响。CAPN4基因启动子区a.-1222GA突变影响不同年龄段甘南牦牛部分胴体及肉质性状,可作为甘南牦牛此类性状的遗传标记。 相似文献
9.
组蛋白是植物基因组的重要组成部分。根据Genebank中登录的Histone3基因的全长cD NA序列,设计PCR引物,进行了异源四倍体栽培陆地棉、海岛棉及其二倍体祖先种非洲棉和雷蒙德氏棉中Histone3基因片段序列分析。不同物种中获得的基因片段分别由2个内含子、部分外显子区和3'端非翻译区组成。共存在77个单核苷酸多态性位点,其中外显子区9个,内含子Ⅰ区22个,内含子Ⅱ区21个,3'端非翻译区25个。外显子的SNP变化不影响Histone3基因的转录和翻译。分子聚类结果表明,不同物种A、D基因组的序列定向进化同源性明显,其中AvsD序列相似性为91.6%,AvsATB序列相似性为95.8%,AvsATH序列相似性为95.2%,DvsDTB序列相似性为98.5%,DvsDTH序列相似性为98.0%。A、D染色体组基因序列部分同源性分析表明,陆地棉中ATHvsDTH序列相似性为91.0%,海岛棉中ATBvsDTB序列相似性为92.5%。聚类结果再现了A、D基因组多倍体化后其基因序列与二倍体祖先种平行演化的特点以及A、D染色体组间进化速率在四倍体棉种中与二倍体祖先种中表现的一致性。本文也讨论了基因序列在不同物种中的相似性比较不仅是研究进化的有效方法,也可用于发现基因在不同物种中SNP序列及应用前景。 相似文献
10.
牦牛LPL基因外显子7多态性与生长性状相关性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用PCR-SSCP技术对5个牦牛品种共398头牦牛脂蛋白脂肪酶基因(LPL)外显子7进行了多态性研究,分析了该基因与牦牛生长性状的相关性.结果表明,牦牛LPL基因外显子7存在2个等位基因3种基因型.各群体在该基因座上呈Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态.三种基因型与牦牛部分生长性状的最小二乘法分析表明,该位点多态与牦牛的体重、体高、胸围存在显著相关(P<0.05),BB型个体体重、体高、胸围显著高于AA和AB型个体.初步推断牦牛LPL基因第7外显子可作为牦牛标记辅助选择的遗传标记之一. 相似文献
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
15.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
16.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
17.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献