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维生素E与家禽免疫 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
家禽的免疫器官与哺乳类动物不同 ,大多没有淋巴结。家禽特有的中枢免疫器官法氏囊常受各种因素的影响 ,而无法发挥正常功能。研究表明 ,维生素E(VE)除了具有一般营养作用外 ,还能提高机体免疫功能 ,为家禽免疫系统的发育所必需 ,是家禽维持免疫机能的重要物质。1 维生素E对家禽的免疫作用1 1 维生素E免疫的继代效应 维生素E对雏鸡的免疫系统具有促进作用 ,母鸡体内的抗体和维生素E能通过卵黄囊转移给雏鸡。Haq等( 1 996)研究表明 ,种鸡日粮中添加维生素E可提高后代免疫力。试验显示 ,给母鸡饲喂含适量维生素E的饲粮 ,可有效提高雏… 相似文献
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维生素E又称生育酚,它是一类具有活性的,化学结构相似的酚类化合物的总称。已知的维生素E共有8种,不同维生素正在结构上的区别,仅限于甲基数和两类维生素E均存在α,β,γ,δ四种同分异构体,其中的α-生育酚活性最高,分布最广,最具有代表性。维生素E对家禽在不同的生理阶段都是很需要的,其中对生殖,肌肉,循环,神经及免疫系统的最佳功能的发挥都是必不可少的,维生素E可以部分地与硒合成一种抗氧化剂,同时,维生素E在体内还是一种生物催化剂,而且还参与了细胞免疫和体液免疫的生理过程,提高了家禽的免疫功能和抗病能力。此外,维生素E对缓解家禽的热应激,提高家禽的肉质质量,也具有非常重要的作用。 相似文献
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维生素E是一种脂溶性维生素，在家禽生产上具有重要作用。文章就维生素E的来源、理化特性、生物学功能、畜禽需要量及其在家禽生产上的应用情况作一综述。 相似文献
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据最新报道,家禽缺乏维生素E除了会引起脑软化、渗出性素质和肌肉营养不良以外。还会造成家禽繁殖力下降。种母鸡缺乏维生素E,其蛋的孵化率降低,胚胎早在孵化的第四天就死亡,雄禽长期缺乏维生素E会引起攀丸变性。 相似文献
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维生素C在家禽抗应激中的作用研究进展 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
本文就应激状态下家禽体内Vc的合成；应激状态下家禽机体对Vc的吸收、分布和利用效率；日粮中添加Vc对家禽抗应激及生产性能的影响；Vc在家禽抗应激作用研究的衡量指标及其测试手段和方法；抗应激中Vc与其他抗应激剂的互作；日粮Vc对家禽抗应激影响机理等六部分系统综述了Vc在家禽抗应激中的作用的研究进展。 相似文献
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Villaverde C Cortinas L Barroeta AC Martín-Orúe SM Baucells MD 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2004,88(3-4):143-149
Vitamin E requirements are linked to dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content as a result of the protective effect of vitamin E from lipid peroxidation. On the other hand, it has been suggested that dietary PUFA interfere with vitamin E absorption. A 4 x 4 factorial study was planned to assess the effect of dietary vitamin E inclusion level (0, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) and degree of unsaturation (15, 34, 45 and 61 g PUFA/kg) on vitamin E apparent absorption and tissue deposition in poultry. A total of 192 female broiler chickens were used. A digestibility balance was carried out between 19 and 23 days of age to calculate apparent absorption of fat and vitamin E. The livers of 96 animals were obtained at 44 days of age for vitamin E determination. Increasing dietary levels of vitamin E reduced its apparent absorption. The more saturated diet reduced fat and vitamin E apparent absorption while PUFA levels from 34 to 61 g/kg did not modify this parameter but reduced the hepatic vitamin E concentration, suggesting a greater systemic use of this vitamin. These results suggest that PUFA do not limit vitamin E absorption, although they may increase its degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. 相似文献
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Vitamin E supplementation has become a common procedure to promote growth and health and improve the qualitative characteristics of farm animals. It has been demonstrated to be an efficient strategy for improving their reproductive function. Germ cells are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage and may thus require additional antioxidant protection. The aim of this review is to give a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of the biochemistry and physiology of vitamin E; successively, the effect of this compound on the reproductive activity of rabbit buck is accurately described. In particular, this review examines studies on the effects of animal age, dose and duration of vitamin E supplementation, as well as the co-supplementation with selenium, vitamin C and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Several investigations have shown beneficial effects in bucks supplemented with vitamin E levels higher than the standard dietary requirement (50 mg/kg) particularly when the semen is stored. However, the exact dietary intake of vitamin E should be decided according to specific tissue needs for the individual vitamin E forms and the specific saturation markers. 相似文献
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维生素E的免疫研究进展 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
维生素E是一种机体必需的营养素。研究结果表明,维生素E是体内重要的抗氧化剂,具有保护机体组织结构的完整性,维持机体正常的繁殖机能,增强机体免疫力等方面的功能。作者综述了维生素E在免疫方面的最新研究进展。 相似文献
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Danikowski S Sallmann HP Halle I Flachowsky G 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2002,86(11-12):376-382
This study was an attempt to find whether the reproductive performance of cocks would be influenced by oral administration of different amounts of dietary vitamin E over a long period of time. For that purpose 60 cocks were divided into five dietary groups of 12 animals each, and supplemented with 0 (control group), 100, 1,000, 10,000 or 20,000 IU alpha-tocopherol/kg diet, respectively, over a period of 12 months. The effect on semen parameters and biochemical parameters measured in pooled semen samples and the weight of the testes were determined. The weight of testes decreased with increasing amounts of supplemented vitamin E. Volume, pH, colour, consistency and motility were not influenced by the diets, but density of ejaculate (sperm/microl), total amount of spermatozoa and morphology of sperm were significantly lowered by increasing amounts of supplemented vitamin E. The alpha-tocopherol concentration in ejaculates increased significantly in relation to the diet whereas phospholipid content and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) of the semen samples decreased significantly with increasing vitamin E supplementation. The reproductive performance of cocks was negatively influenced by high doses of vitamin E although decreased TBARS indicated rising oxidative defence. 相似文献
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This study was conducted to determine the effects of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) and vitamin E (DL-alpha-Tocopheryl acetate) on performance, digestion of nutrients and carcass characteristics of Japanese quails reared under chronic heat stress (34 degrees C). A total of 180 10-day-old Japanese quails were randomly assigned to six treatment groups, three replicates of 10 birds each. The birds with a 2 x 3 factorial design received either two levels of vitamin C (100 and 200 mg/kg of diet) or three levels of vitamin E (125, 250, or 500 mg/kg of diet). Then, 200-mg vitamin C/kg of diet, compared with that of 100 mg/kg of diet, and higher dietary vitamin E inclusions resulted in a higher performance. The interaction between vitamin C and vitamin E for final body weight change (p=0.01) and feed efficiency (p=0.02) was detected. Final body weight change and feed efficiency increased to a higher extent by increasing dietary vitamin C when higher vitamin E levels were fed. Carcass characteristics improved with an increase of both dietary vitamin C and vitamin E (p=0.004). The interactions on carcass characteristics were all significant (p=0.02) and manifested themselves in a way that they were improved to a higher extent by an increase of dietary vitamin C when higher vitamin E levels were fed. Digestibility of nutrients (DM, OM, CP and EE) was greater with higher dietary vitamin C (p < 0.02) and also with higher vitamin E (p=0.07). There were no interactions detected for digestibility of nutrients (p=0.32). Taken together, the results of the present study conclude that a combination of 200 mg of vitamin C and 250 mg of vitamin E provides the greatest performance in Japanese quails reared under heat stress and can be considered as a protective management practice in poultry diet, alleviating the negative effects of heat stress. 相似文献
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为探索维生素Ｅ在母蓝狐繁殖中的适宜用量，本文对１９９７、１９９８两年的２３２只母狐添加不同量的维生素Ｅ，采用统计的方法进行了对比。结果表明，从１２月１０日开始至配种全部结束时停止，添加不同量的维生素Ｅ，对母蓝狐的繁殖有不同的影响，量大或量小都不利于繁殖，每日每只添加维生素Ｅ５０ｍｇ为宜。 相似文献