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本文研究了漠斑牙鲆亲鱼培育、产卵、受精卵孵化,仔稚鱼饵料系列的选择以及营养强化,并进行了人工授精试验,完善了漠斑牙鲆人工繁育技术工艺.结果表明:16～18 ℃为漠斑牙鲆最佳自然产卵水温;18～19 ℃水温下仔稚鱼的成活率较高. 相似文献
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分析研究了2009年7月福建罗源湾鱼卵、仔稚鱼的种类组成及数量分布。共鉴定19种鱼类的鱼卵和仔稚鱼,隶属于13科。其中,鱼卵10种、仔稚鱼14种。夏季,罗源湾水平拖网鱼卵和仔稚鱼平均密度分别为1.80 ind/m3和0.54 ind/m3;垂直拖网鱼卵和仔稚鱼平均密度分别为4.11 ind/m3和2.63 ind/m3。鱼卵、仔稚鱼以鳀科数量最多,优势种类为中颌棱鳀(Thrissa mystax)和康氏小公鱼(Stolephoruscommersonli)。与历史资料相比,不但种类数减少,且优势种由多科鱼类并存向鳀科鱼类为主转变。夏季鱼卵、仔稚鱼主要分布在罗源湾中北部海域及湾口附近。 相似文献
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通过内陆淡水池塘网箱养殖漠斑牙鲆试验,探索出内陆淡水池塘漠斑牙鲆网箱养殖的模式,总结出养殖过程中应采取的技术措施,25m2网箱总产漠斑牙鲆102.9kg,平均单产4.12kg/m2,漠斑牙鲆平均规格为306.25g/尾,成活率达84%,使池塘产量比往年养殖产量增加5.94%。 相似文献
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根据漠斑牙鲆(Paralichthys lethostigma)适广温、广盐和较强的抗逆性等优良生态习性,采用地下卤水、盐碱地渗水,通过合理淡水配兑使其适合漠斑牙鲆生理生长需求,在我国中纬度地区利用盐碱地低盐水养殖过洋、暖温性漠斑牙鲆。2004-2005年,利用盐碱地低盐水池塘虾池设置网箱套养漠斑牙鲆349.5m2,产鱼3.749t,产虾55.065t,其中2005年虾池设置网箱套养漠斑牙鲆306m2,产鱼3.245t,平均10.6kg/m2,平均全长34.0cm,体重527.4g,养殖成活率为90.5%,产虾49.003t,平均408.4kg/亩,平均规格11.9cm,养殖成活率为71.23%。虾池设置网箱套养漠斑牙鲆,可充分利用水体空间,促使池塘高产高效,提高养殖经济效益。 相似文献
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采用自行设计的抽屉式生物滤器应用于漠斑牙鲆(Paralichthys lethostigma)闭合循环水养殖系统,研究其对循环养殖水的处理效果及漠斑牙鲆的增重和饲料利用率的影响。结果表明:经过60 d的循环水养殖,漠斑牙鲆从初始时的(225.4±11.9)g增加到结束时的(337.5±10.3)g,增重率49.97%;试验饲料系数1.06,养殖密度24.1 kg/m3,成活率100%;抽屉式生物滤器对于NH4+-N、NO2--N和COD去除率分别为(10.61±1.88)%、(14.90±3.06)%和(16.11±1.70)%,可满足漠斑牙鲆养殖水体的水质要求。 相似文献
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根据2000～2003年4个航次的调查数据,对长江口及邻近水域浮游植物数量分布状况和生态特点进行分析和探讨。结果表明,海区浮游植物年际平均总量为2225 44×104ind/m3,长江口浮游植物数量最高(8262 17×104ind/m3),舟山渔场次之(91 16×104ind/m3),杭州湾水域最低(30 91×104ind/m3)。群落的多项生态指标反映出长江口浮游植物群落结构仍处于不稳定状态,H′的变动幅度大,其水域生态系统较杭州湾和舟山渔场更为脆弱,承受的外界环境压力更强;海区浮游植物总量主要受控于中肋骨条藻(Skeletonemacostatum)、圆筛藻属(Coscinodiscus)等个别优势种,并决定浮游植物分布趋势,中肋骨条藻大量繁殖而造成年际间数量大幅波动,其中2001年浮游植物数量猛增,平均总量高达8262 17×104ind/m3,密集中心浮游植物数量已接近赤潮细胞密度;外海高盐水系入侵程度加强,与春季浮游植物高值的形成有着密切的关系,对长江口水域浮游植物分布有着至关重要的作用和影响。 相似文献
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锯缘青蟹苗池微生态环境影响因素的初步探讨 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
通过对锯缘青蟹苗池微生态环境和水质环境的全过程检测,探讨了总菌数、弧菌数及弧菌数/总菌数的消长规律,并对苗种培育阶段涉及的各种外源因素及控制苗池微生态环境的相关手段的有效性作了初步的探讨。结果表明:苗池水体中总菌数在Z1~Z2少量添加水不换水阶段,呈相对稳定状态,进入Z3后总菌数逐渐增加,最高达3.5×106cfu/m l;弧菌数在Z1培育阶段出现2×102cfu/m l激增至5×104cfu/m l的峰值,第二峰值出现在Z5阶段,达6×105cfu/m l;弧菌数/总菌数比值在育苗起始时仅为0.4%,之后迅速升至30%~40%,在Z5阶段,由于弧菌数量急剧上升,达到50%的高比值;NH4-N与COD检测值在育苗过程中变动较大,两者与弧菌数/总菌数比值呈正相关关系。现行育苗方式中对苗池微生态环境产生影响的主要因素是苗种培育密度,海水、饵料的处理方式和抗生素;净化功能菌和蛭弧菌应用于育苗水体具有抑制弧菌繁殖的效果。 相似文献
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自河口污泥中分离到两株有益菌,通过形态分析、革兰氏染色、生理生化测定、16S rRNA序列分析和系统发育树构建,其中一株鉴定为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum),另一株为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis).建立了两株细菌的适宜生长条件,植物乳杆菌适宜生长pH为6.5、温度为30℃,枯草芽孢杆菌的适宜生长pH为6.0、温度为36℃.在实验室条件下,两株有益菌1∶1组合制剂对人工配制的海水中氨氮、亚硝酸盐、磷酸盐的降解率分别达到了73.2％、58.0％和52.4％;池塘养殖环境下,其对养殖水体中氨氮、亚硝酸盐、磷酸盐的降解率分别达到了86.3％、88.9％和68.3％,具有明显的水质净化效果.本研究结果可为建立两株有益菌的规模化发酵生产技术和生产应用奠定基础. 相似文献
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饲养密度对银鲳幼鱼增重率及消化酶活性的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究了饲养密度对银鲳(Pampus argenteus)幼鱼(5.33±0.07 g)增重率及消化酶活性的影响。实验共设4组饲养密度,分别为5、10、15、25 ind.m-3,依次编为D1、D2、D3、D4组,实验周期为60 d。研究结果显示,饲养密度对银鲳幼鱼的增重率具有显著性影响,4组密度组中以D3组银鲳的增重率最高,且均显著高于其它3组密度组(P<0.05)。最高密度组(D4组)的增重率与D2组无显著性差异(P>0.05),但两组的增重率均显著高于D1组(P<0.05)。4组密度组间银鲳胃蛋白酶活性并无显著性差异,但胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性则在不同密度组间呈现出显著性差异。胰蛋白酶与脂肪酶活性均在D3组达到最高值,且均显著高于其它各密度组(P<0.05)。D3和D4组的淀粉酶活性显著高于D1和D2组(P<0.05)。综合分析可知,饲养密度可显著影响银鲳幼鱼的增重率与消化酶活性,本实验条件下的适宜饲养密度范围内(15 ind.m-3左右),银鲳幼鱼具有较好的生长速度及较高的消化酶活性。 相似文献
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Yukinori Mukai 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(1):107-111
The sutchi catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus is an important species for aquaculture in Southeast Asia. However, larvae typically have low survival rates due to their
predilection for cannibalism during rearing. This study investigated larval feeding behavior and rearing conditions. The former
experiments were performed to elucidate the role of sensory organs in feeding, and the latter experiments examined the effect
of dim light on larval rearing and survival rates. Neither lighting conditions (light and dark) nor blocking of free neuromasts
by streptomycin had significant effects on feeding behavior. Therefore, the feeding behavior of sutchi catfish larvae most
likely depends on chemosensing rather than visual sensing. In the later experiments, larval rearing at 0.1 l× yielded significantly
higher survival rates than other lighting conditions (0.00, 1, 10, 100 l×). Survival in the 0.1 l× group was almost three
times higher than in the 100 l× group. Moreover, larvae reared under 0.1 l× showed steady growth. Therefore, it is concluded
that 0.1 l× is the optimum light intensity for sutchi catfish larval rearing. 相似文献
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Yaowalux Ruttanapornvareesakul Yoshitaka Sakakura & Atsushi Hagiwara 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(2):193-200
We examined the effects of rearing‐tank proportions on early survival, surface death and growth of the seven‐band grouper Epinephelus septemfasciatus (Thunberg) and the devil stinger Inimicus japonicus (Cuvier). Fertilized eggs were introduced into three differently shaped 100 L rearing tanks. The three tanks had different water surface areas, and included a shallow tank (S; 71 × 26 cm in diameter and depth, respectively), an intermediate tank (I; 57 × 39 cm) and a deep tank (D; 44 × 70 cm). Both species showed their highest survival rate and the lowest numbers of surface death in the D tank (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between fish reared in the three tank shapes in notochord length, total length, growth rate and dry weight. Rearing‐tank shape affected larval movement in the water column, with the duration of larval movement under the water surface being the shortest in the D tank. These results suggest that using a rearing tank of a suitable shape could significantly reduce the surface death of marine fish larvae. 相似文献
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Carlos A. Alvarez-González José L. Ortiz-Galindo Silvie Dumas Sergio F. Martínez-Díaz Dora E. Hernández-Ceballos Tanos Grayeb -Del Alamo Manuel Moreno-Legorreta Renato Penta-Martínez Roberto Civera-Cerecedo 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2001,32(1):130-137
Abstract.— The effect on growth and survival of the initial stocking density (50, 100, 150, and 200 larvae/ L) in larval rearing of spotted sand bass was evaluated over 30 d in a closed recirculating system. Larvae were fed with rotifers, copepods, nauplii and adult Artemia , and spotted sand bass yolk-sac larvae. Water quality was monitored daily. The notochordal or standard length of sampled larvae was measured by image analysis. Specific growth rates at each density were compared by covariance analysis. Survival was estimated from day 15 to the end of the experiment, when a resistance test was used to evaluate the juvenile quality among densities. At the end of the experiment, mean standard length of larvae at lower densities was significantly larger ( P < 0.05) than at higher densities. Higher specific growth rates were found at lower densities. Significantly higher survival ( P < 0.05) was recorded for the lowest density, but the highest number of harvested fish was obtained with the highest densities (150 and 200 larvae/L). The lowest density also showed the significantly ( P < 0.05) higher survival after using a resistance test. We conclude the highest density can be used in larval rearing of spotted sand bass. However, better survival, growth, and seed quality are obtained at the lowest density. To recommend an optimal density for this specie, it is necessary to improve the water quality in the culture system and to make a cost-benefit study. 相似文献
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Jia Geng Christina Belfranin Ian A. Zander Emma Goldstein Shubham Mathur Blanka I. Lederer Riccardo Benvenuti Daniel D. Benetti 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2019,50(2):336-345
This research examined the effect of initial stocking density and feeding regime on larval growth and survival of Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Larval rearing trials were conducted in nine 50‐L tanks with different initial stocking densities combined with different feed rations (20 larvae/L with standard feed ration [LD], 80 larvae/L with standard feed ration [HD], and 80 larvae/L with four times the standard feed ration [HD+]). Larvae were stocked on 0 days posthatch (DPH) following hatching of the fertilized embryos. Larval total length (TL), survival rates, and final densities were observed on larval settlement (32 DPH) to evaluate larval rearing performance. At 32 DPH, there were no significant differences (p > .05) in TL or survival rates between the LD (46.5 ± 17.0%) and HD+ (40.3 ± 9.4%). The TL and survival rate of HD (23.1 ± 3.5%) were significantly lower than that of LD and HD+ (p < .05). However, the larval density of HD was significantly higher than that of LD (p < .05). HD+ achieved the best larvae production (32.27 ± 7.51 larvae/L), supported by sufficient food source, high water exchange, and proper water quality management (routine siphoning, surface skimming). The larval‐rearing protocols and larval development from hatching to metamorphosis is described in detail, with corresponding photographs taken during the experiment. 相似文献
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Anya Epelbaum Christopher M Pearce Simon Yuan Nadia Plamondon Helen Gurney‐Smith 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(7):975-986
The basket cockle, Clinocardium nuttallii, is a candidate species for aquaculture in British Columbia, Canada. Previous research on broodstock conditioning, embryonic development and larval rearing of C. nuttallii demonstrated the potential for reliable hatchery production of cockle seed. In this paper, we investigated the effects of culture density (50% and 150% bottom cover in a monolayer) and substratum (none and fine sand) on cockle seed survival, growth, behaviour and shell morphology to improve the efficiency of the nursery production phase. Low stocking density (50% cover) yielded a shell length increase from 3 to 7 mm over a 4‐week period. High stocking density (150% cover) negatively impacted some of the growth and condition parameters studied, but did not have a statistically significant effect on seed survival. Growing seed without substratum did not significantly affect seed survival or growth, but led to shell deformities (at shell length >15 mm) and lower burrowing rates when cockles were subsequently placed on sand. We recommend planting seed for grow‐out at a shell length not exceeding 15 mm. Acclimating seed to the substratum before planting may increase the burrowing rates, thereby reducing the risks of seed dislocation and mortality. Additional studies are required to determine optimal substratum acclimation times and techniques. 相似文献
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象山港春、夏季仔稚鱼种类组成结构特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为研究象山港仔稚鱼的时空分布特征及其与环境因子的相关关系,在象山港港湾内设置14个站,于2015年4月3日~6月10日期间按周采样,共调查10个航次(Ⅰ~Ⅹ),用方形网(网口为1 m×2 m,网目1.0 mm)采集仔稚鱼,同时采集温度、盐度和浮游动物等数据。调查期间采集仔稚鱼180 254 ind共45种,隶属25科39属,主要优势种为斑鰶(Konosirus punctatus)、矛尾鰕虎鱼(Chaeturichthys stigmatias)、鮻(Chelon haematocheilus)、斑尾刺鰕虎鱼(Acanthogobius ommaturus)、普氏缰鰕虎鱼(Amoya pflaumi)、拟矛尾鰕虎鱼(Parachaeturichthys polynema)、黑棘鲷(Acanthopagrus schlegelii)、舌鰕虎鱼(Glossogobius giuris)等。仔稚鱼密度呈先升后降的趋势,第Ⅲ航次密度最高(平均密度为587.9 ind·100 m-3),第Ⅷ航次最低(8.2 ind·100m-3)。前弯曲期仔鱼最多,占63.6%,弯曲期仔鱼占26.4%。基于层级聚类(Bray-Curtis相似性指数,Ward法聚类)分析表明,可将10航次仔稚鱼分为4个类型,各类型间存在明显差异:类型1(Ⅰ和Ⅱ航次)主要为矛尾鰕虎鱼和斑尾刺鰕虎鱼,类型2(Ⅲ~Ⅵ航次)为斑鰶、鮻、矛尾鰕虎鱼和黑棘鲷,类型3(Ⅶ和Ⅷ航次)为斑鰶、日本鳀(Engraulis japonicus)、拟矛尾鰕虎鱼,类型4(Ⅸ和Ⅹ航次)为普氏缰鰕虎鱼、拟矛尾鰕虎鱼、美肩鳃鳚(Omobranchus elegans)。Spearman相关分析表明,仔稚鱼分布与温度极显著相关(P0.01),与浮游动物密度呈显著相关(P0.05),与盐度无明显相关关系(P0.05)。 相似文献