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1.
苦竹叶片光合及水分利用率特性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了给经营管理苦竹者提供较好的科学理论依据,作者采用LI-6400XT便携式光合测定仪,以野生苦竹林为研究对象,测定了其光合及水分利用率。结果表明:(1)苦竹净光合速率和蒸腾速率日变化均为双峰型,存在光合"午休"现象。(2)气孔导度与净光合速率呈极显著的线性关系,而且气孔导度是影响苦竹光合的主要限制因子,所以苦竹光合"午休"主要受气孔因素限制。(3)苦竹的水分利用率比较低,节水抗旱能力比较差。(4)苦竹的光补偿点为8.10μmol/(m2.s),光饱和点为1 198.66μmol/(m2.s),说明苦竹具有较强的耐阴能力,能适应较宽的光照环境。  相似文献   

2.
 为给黄土丘陵区建立节水高效的核桃栽培模式提供科学依据,应用英国PPS公司生产的CIRAS2型光合作用系统,在半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区,测定了 3年生核桃树在不同土壤水分条件下,叶片气体交换参数的光响应特性。结果表明:核桃光合速率、蒸腾速率、叶片水分利用效率,对土壤水分和光合有效辐射强度的变化具有明显的阈值响应。依据叶片水分利用率、光合速率和蒸腾速率与土壤水分的定量关系,核桃具有最高光合速率和叶片水分利用率的土壤体积含水量,大约在186%(相对含水量为604%)左右;维持核桃正常光合作用和较高叶片水分利用率的土壤体积含水量,大约在125%(相对含水量为406%)左右。即核桃土壤水分管理适宜的土壤体积含水量范围在125%~186%(相对含水量为406%~604%)之间,超出此范围时,核桃的光合速率与叶片水分利用率都会明显下降。依据叶片水分利用率、光合速率和蒸腾速率与光合有效辐射强度的定量关系,在适宜的土壤体积含水量范围内,维持核桃具有较高光合有效辐射和叶片水分利用率的适宜光合有效辐射强度范围,在500~1000μmol/(m2 ·s)之间,光合有效辐射强度过高或过低,都会导致叶片水分利用率的明显降低。核桃并非是抗干旱能力和耐强光胁迫能力很强的树种,在干旱缺水和强光、高温为突岀环境胁迫因子的半干旱黄土丘陵区核桃栽培于水分状况相对较好、光照强度相对较低的阴坡,会比阳坡获得更大的生产力。  相似文献   

3.
水分胁迫对6种苗木光合生理特性的影响   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4  
土壤控水条件下,测定了2 a生小叶杨、沙地白榆、旱榆、河南白榆、旱柳和紫穗槐等6个树种苗期叶片的气体交换参数、叶绿素相对含量和叶片水势的变化值,并对其进行了比较分析.结果表明,供测的6种苗木随水分胁迫程度的加剧叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、气孔导度(gs)和瞬时水分利用效率(WUE)降低的幅度并不相同.6种苗木上述5个指标的降幅排序依次为:河南白榆>小叶杨>旱柳>紫穗槐>旱榆>沙地白榆,说明了不同树种在水分胁迫条件下的光合能力及水分利用能力差别较大.6种苗木的叶绿素相对含量随水分胁迫程度的加剧变幅也不相同,河南白榆在严重的水分胁迫下叶绿素相对含量降低显著,而沙地白榆即使在极端严重的干旱胁迫下叶绿素相对含量的降幅也较小.干旱胁迫对不同树种光合机构的损伤程度有显著差异.6种苗木叶片水势的测定结果表明,河南白榆和小叶杨对干旱胁迫较敏感,最先受到干旱胁迫的伤害,而沙地白榆和旱榆具有很强的忍耐脱水的性能,对水分胁迫反应迟缓,叶片遭受干旱伤害的程度较轻.  相似文献   

4.
盆载条件下对4个不同基因型小麦品种于播种前以外源激素PDJ(10 mg·L-1)浸种处理和返青期始干旱胁迫,测定其光合特性、水分利用和化感抗草差异.结果表明:水分胁迫(田间持水量的45%)和PDJ处理均能增强几种供试小麦的化感抗草诱导效应,两者均通过降低杂草生物量从而抑制杂草生长.水分胁迫和PDJ处理均能增强"兰考95-25"、"小偃6号"拔节期的叶片光合速率,降低气孔限制值和提高水分利用率;"豫麦66"PDJ处理下可增强光合作用而降低水分利用率,但干旱胁迫下则相反;"兰考217"经PDJ处理光合速率和水分利用率均降低.典范对应分析发现供试小麦受到干旱胁迫和外源激素PDJ处理后会引起植物形态和光合生理的变化,从而影响其化感抗草特性.小麦整体化感潜势与以杂草生物量(杂草鲜重/盆)表示的抗草指标显著相关,而小麦的整体抗草特性主要与其水分利用率、光合速率和蒸腾速率显著正相关,与植物地上生物量、株高、节间距离和气孔导度显著负相关.  相似文献   

5.
增加烟草一级和二级侧根是抵御干旱的生理机制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
【目的】 挖掘植物自身的抗旱能力是提高农业水分利用效率的有效措施。本研究通过比较水分胁迫处理下 5 个烤烟品种苗期根系发生和伸长以及叶片光合特性的变化,探讨烤烟抗旱能力差异的生理机制,为烟草生产的可持续发展提供理论依据。 【方法】 采用水培试验,设置对照和水分胁迫处理 (添加 2.5% PEG 处理来模拟中度干旱),研究 5 个烤烟品种苗期的地上部和根系的生物量、一级和二级侧根的发生和伸长,利用 Li-Cor 6400 光合测定系统测定叶片的光合速率和气孔导度等参数,利用 FLIR 手持式红外热成像仪测定新展开叶的叶片温度,分析烟草抗旱能力差异明显的生理机制。 【结果】 水分胁迫条件下 5 个烤烟品种的生长差异明显。与对照处理相比,水分胁迫对大平板和农大 202 的生长影响不明显,但柳叶尖、金星 6007 和中烟 100 的地上部和根系生物量显著被抑制,降幅范围在 66%~83%,达到差异极显著水平。水分胁迫抑制 5 个烤烟品种一级和二级侧根的伸长,但大平板和农大 202 的一级侧根数目和二级侧根密度显著增加,最终导致根系生物量没有下降;另外 3 个烟草品种柳叶尖、金星 6007 和中烟 100 的侧根发生增加趋势不明显。水分胁迫处理下抗旱能力强的大平板和农大 202 地上部生物量和叶片温度变化不明显,而叶片的净光合速率显著下降,但其降幅显著低于 3 个抗旱能力弱的烤烟品种。与对照处理相比,抗旱能力弱的柳叶尖、金星 6007 和中烟 100 叶片的气孔导度和蒸腾速率显著下降,叶片温度上升 5~7℃。进一步的研究表明,PEG处理下耐旱能力强烤烟品种侧根数目的显著增加是地上部维持较强光合能力的主要原因。 【结论】 抗旱能力强的烟草品种苗期受到水分胁迫时其一级和二级侧根显著增加,进而能保持较高的光合特性。   相似文献   

6.
石灰岩地区几种树种抗旱特性的研究   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7  
为保护石灰岩山地植被以及加速石灰岩山地绿化,对青檀、朴树、榉树、琅琊榆、醉翁榆等树种生理特性、解剖结构进行分析.结果表明,这几种榆科树种水分利用效率高、体内水势值偏低,叶样Ca,Mg,Cu,Zn含量高;根系庞大且穿透力强,叶肉栅栏组织与海绵组织分化明显,细胞间隙大.这些特征赋予榆科树种较强的抗旱性能.  相似文献   

7.
湿地生态系统具有很强的储碳、固碳能力,在全球碳循环中占有重要地位。在实地调查和实验室测定的基础上,研究了白洋淀湿地芦苇(Phragraites austrdis(Cav.)Trin.Ex Steudel)的现存生物量和初级生产,并根据光合作用原理测算了其碳储量和固碳能力,进而从光能利用率的角度探讨了其固碳潜力。结果表明,白洋淀湿地芦苇的碳储量较大,为2.52-3.44kg·m^-2,平均2.9kg·m^-2,且地下部分的生物量大于地上部分,两者比值为2.38—3.30,平均2.90,地下部分碳储量是地上部分的近3倍。白洋淀湿地芦苇具有较强的固碳能力,为0.82~1.65kg·m^-2·^-1,是全国陆地植被平均固碳能力的1.7~3.4倍,全球植被平均固碳能力的2.0-4.0倍。白洋淀湿地芦苇的光能利用率仅为0.6%-1.2%,若提高到植物理论最大光能利用率5%~6%,则固碳能力可较目前提高3.2-9.0倍,达到6.60-8.25kg·m^-2·a^-1,潜力很大。  相似文献   

8.
银中杨光合作用和蒸腾作用对土壤干旱的响应   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
 以银中杨3年生苗木为试验材料,通过盆栽试验,研究土壤干旱程度、干旱持续时间和逐渐干旱对银中杨叶片气体交换参数的日变化和光响应过程的影响。结果表明:银中杨具有较强的抗旱性;适度干旱有利于银中杨光合作用;逐渐干旱过程中,土壤含水量在40.1%~20.2%范围内,光合速率随着含水量的减少而降低,但降低幅度较小,表观量子效率基本不变;土壤含水量为15.5%时的光合能力则大幅度下降;银中杨的光饱和点在750~1300μmol.m-2.s-1之间,随着土壤含水量的下降,光饱和点降低;光合速率和腾速率与气孔导度的正相关性较强,与胞间CO2则有负相关的趋势;在逐渐干旱过程中,水分利用率随着含水量的下降而上升,但长时间的严重干旱胁迫导致水分利用率降低;在相同含水量条件下,逐渐干旱对各光合参数的影响均小于梯度干旱,这说明银中杨光合作用能忍受暂时的干旱,重度水分胁迫持续时间较长时,光合速率和蒸腾速率大幅度降低,这是银中杨对干旱的一种适应方式。  相似文献   

9.
湿地生态系统具有很强的储碳、固碳能力,在全球碳循环中占有重要地位.为了解长江口典型湿地芦苇(Phragmites australis)的储碳、固碳情况,通过实地调研与实验室测定相结合的方法,研究了崇明东滩芦苇带湿地植被的生物量和初级生产力,并测算了其碳储量和固碳能力.结果表明:长江口典型芦苇带湿地植被的碳储量较大,为2.66~5.74 kg·m-2,平均4.02 kg·m-2,且地下部分的生物现存量大于地上部分,地下/地上生物量比率为2.33~3.64,平均2.96,碳储量是地上部分的近3倍;长江口典型芦苇带湿地具有很强的固碳能力,达1.11~2.41 kg·m-2·a-1,是全国陆地植被平均固碳能力的2.3~4.9倍,全球植被平均固碳能力的2.7~5.9倍.  相似文献   

10.
控水处理对胡杨、灰胡杨生长特性及水分利用效率的影响   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
为提高塔里木盆地农田防护林灌溉水的利用效率,选择适宜的防护林树种,以塔里木荒漠优势树种胡杨和灰胡杨为试验材料,利用盆栽方法研究不同控水处理对2树种的生长特性、光合参数、叶绿素荧光动力学参数、蒸腾耗水特性和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,2树种光合参数、叶绿素荧光动力学参数(除非光化学猝灭系数qN)、耗水量、耗水强度、生物量和水分利用效率均随供水量的减少而下降,重度胁迫下明显降低。与适宜水分相比,不同水分胁迫处理下胡杨的光合参数、叶绿素荧光参数、耗水量与生物量下降幅度均小于灰胡杨,重度胁迫下明显高于灰胡杨。胡  相似文献   

11.
低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
【目的】以富士(Fuji)、 秦冠(Qinguan)嫁接在平邑甜茶(Malus hupehensis Rehd.)上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水(ZZ)、 低氮正常水(DZ)、 正常氮干旱(ZG)、 低氮干旱(DG)。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮(6 mmol/L NO-3-N)、 低氮(0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N)、 正常供水(保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%)、 干旱处理(保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%)。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量(茎和叶)、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水(ZZ)>低氮正常水(DZ)>正常氮干旱(ZG)>低氮干旱(DG),并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水(ZZ)>低氮正常水(DZ)>正常氮干旱(ZG)>低氮干旱(DG); 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶>根>茎,磷元素则是根>叶>茎;光合氮素利用效率(PNUE)和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水(DZ)处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱(DG)处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。  相似文献   

12.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing.  相似文献   

13.
“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.  相似文献   

14.
Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.  相似文献   

15.
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,  相似文献   

16.
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils.  相似文献   

17.
To evaluate the feasibility of long-term desert reforestation technology of mixed vegetation, cardon cactus (Pachycereus pringlei) seedlings from indoor and outdoor nurseries were planted in the field adjacent to one seedling of potential legume nurse trees: mesquite amargo (Prosopis articulata), yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla), and blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida). Some of the planting holes were also supplemented with common dairy compost. Additionally, the combinations of legume tree–cactus were inoculated with either a consortium of desert arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB; the diazotroph Azospirillum brasilense Cd, and the phosphate solubilizer Paenibacillus sp.), or a mixture of all. The field experiments were evaluated periodically during 30 months for survival and growth. Cardons reared in an outdoor screen house survived better in the field than those reared in a controlled growth chamber and hardened later outdoors. Association with any legume nurse tree increased survival and enhanced growth of untreated cardons. For cardons growing alone, application of either compost, AM fungi, and all the treatments combined increased survival. For these plants, no treatment affected plant growth during the first 3 months after transplanting. Later, all treatments, except for AM fungi, enhanced plant growth. However, only 2 years after transplanting the enhanced growth effect of AM fungi was also significant. In the presence of the legume nurse trees, transient positive effects on cardon growth were recorded. General evaluation after 30 months of cultivation showed that the treatments positively affected cardon growth when growing alone or in combination only with mesquite amargo but not with the other two legume trees. This study proposes that young legume trees have the capacity to enhance survival and growth of cardon cactus, depending on the legume cactus combination. Additional treatments such as compost or PGPB can either amplify the effect or else attenuate it.  相似文献   

18.
Abstract

A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species.  相似文献   

19.
Detailed karyotypes and 4C DNA amounts have been studied in five cultivars of Cajanus cajan and 20 species belonging to Cajanus, Rhynchosia, Dunbaria, Flemingia and Paracalyx. C. cajan shows intraspecific variability and its karyotype is most similar to that of C. cajanifolius (sect. Cajanus) in the morphology and number of satellite chromosomes and the lack of any correlation between chromosome size within the complement and asymmetry. Karyotypes of C. lineatus and C. sericeus belonging to sect. Atylia are similar with respect to maximum r-index and the ratio of longest and shortest chromosomes in their respective complements. C. acutifolius (sect. Frutocosa) is distinct in having a very low ratio (1.44) between the longest and the shortest chromosomes, while in C. albicans, C. goensis, C. scarabaeoides (sect. Cantharospermum) there is no chromosome pair with r-index >2.0. C. mollis and C. volubilis (sect. Volubilis) show similarity with regard to ratio between the longest and the shortest chromosomes and a distinct chromosome pair with an arm ratio of 2.7 and C. platycarpus is distinct (sect. Rhynchosoides) in having the smallest ratio (1.36) between the longest and the shortest chromosomes. 4C DNA amounts in Cajanus and Rhynchosia vary between 3.28 pg to 11.69 pg and 4.92 pg to 11.13 pg respectively, while in Dunbaria, Flemingia and Paracalyx these vary between 4.70 and 7:06 pg. In the genus Cajanus karyotypic features and 4C DNA amounts agree with the sectional classification and bring out a close relationship between C. cajan and C. cajanifolius. This is supported by studies based on seed protein patterns, isozyme analysis, trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor patterns, RFLP and RAPD data and crossability relationships. A clear relation between DNA amount and abnormalities effecting the extent of pairing and recombination in interspecific hybrids shows the importance of this study in developing future breeding programme involving C. cajan and its wild relatives that are of potential value.  相似文献   

20.
Several commercial fungicide seed treatments were evaluated for their possible effect on the survival of Bradyrhizobium japonicum on seeds and on the nodulation and yield of soybeans in a greenhouse and a field experiment. quinolate Pro (carbendazim and oxine copper), Vitavax 200FF (carboxin and thiram), and Monceren (pencycuron) had a small effect or no effect on the survival of B. japonicum and on the nodulation and yield of soybeans. They can thus be considered compatible with soybean seed inoculation. Germipro UFB (carbendazim and iprodione), Apron 35J (metalaxyl), and Tachigaren (hymexazol) decreased B. japonicum survival and the nodulation and yield of soybeans and thus cannot be considered compatible with soybean seed inoculation.  相似文献   

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