首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
漫灌和喷灌条件下土壤养分运移特征的初步研究   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10  
用非饱和土壤溶质运移的对流扩散方程及其解析解,联系大田漫灌、喷灌的入渗实际,在室内试验的基础上,研究了漫灌、喷灌入渗条件下,土壤养分运移的特征。研究结果表明,阳离子Ｋ＋,由于土壤颗粒的吸附作用,流动性差,入渗结束后,Ｋ＋浓度集中分布在土表０～２０ｃｍ土层内。阴离子ＮＯ3-,流动性强,入渗方式对ＮＯ3-离子运移影响大。漫灌入渗条件下,孔隙水流速度大（是喷灌的３．５倍）,ＮＯ3-运移快,机械弥散作用是喷灌的１１．６倍,入渗结束后,ＮＯ3-浓度集中分布在土壤深层的作物主根区之外,不利于作物吸收利用,并容易造成地下水污染。而在喷灌入渗条件下,供水强度低,孔隙水流速度小,ＮＯ3-运移慢,弥散作用弱,入渗结束后,ＮＯ3-浓度的峰值迁移浅,ＮＯ3-浓度集中分布在土壤表层作物主根区内,有利于作物吸收利用。这正是喷灌节水、保肥的内在机理。  相似文献   

2.
[目的] 研究土壤秸秆注孔对土壤含水量及作物生长的影响,为旱作农田增加雨水蓄集能力及提高水分利用效率提供理论依据。[方法] 开展玉米-小麦轮作田间试验,设置常规种植(CK)、土壤秸秆注孔2孔/m2(T1),4孔/m2(T2),8孔/m2(T3)4个处理。[结果] 秸秆注孔所有处理均提高了整个试验期表层土壤含水量。T2,T3处理提高了收获期深层土壤含水量,试验结束时两者底层土壤(60-80 cm)含水量较CK分别提高了29.19 %和28.18 %。秸秆注孔处理提高了作物株高、经济产量和生物量,以及降水利用效率和水分利用效率,T2,T3处理的提高效果最明显,且彼此差异不显著。[结论] 秸秆注孔具有保水性能和增产能力,根据成本和效果综合考虑,推荐秸秆注孔4孔/m2(T2)作为优选处理。  相似文献   

3.
[目的] 探究川中丘陵地区施用经无害化处理的生活污水后，不同类型土壤在不同深度土层中各养分指标的变化特征，为农村生活污水的无害化处理和资源化利用提供科学支撑。 [方法] 对三格化粪池处理后的农村生活污水进行资源化利用。在耕地中设置G0(37.5 L/m2)，G2(75 L/m2)，G0(空白)3种施用处理；在林地中设置L1(37.5 L/m2)，L2(75 L/m2)，L3(112.5 L/m2)，L0(空白)4种施用处理。结合层次分析法(AHP)与主成分分析法(PCA)对各养分指标权重进行计算，对各处理在不同深度土层中的施用效果进行综合评分。 [结果] 在生活污水不同的资源化利用处理除L3土壤养分评价等级为“良”外，其余处理皆为“优”。各处理下，耕地中各深度土层养分评价得分排序一致表现为：G1＞G0＞G2；林地中0-20 cm土层表现为：L0＞L2＞L1＞L3；20-40 cm土层表现为：L1＞L0＞L2＞L3。耕地施用对提升土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效磷、速效钾有明显的效果；林地少量施用对提升20-40 cm除速效钾外其余土壤养分的效果较好。 [结论] 短期来看，在农村生活污水资源化利用时，适量的施用可改善耕地土壤的养分，对于林地无需施用土壤养分就可较好保持。  相似文献   

4.
虞锁富 《土壤》1990,22(3):118-122
本文研究了土壤有机质和陪伴阴离子对黄棕壤、红壤和砖红壤吸附Zn2+的影响。结果表明:土壤有机质含量与吸附Zn2+的数量呈正相关;陪伴阴离子对土壤吸Zn2+量有显著的制约作用,土壤从ZnCl2溶液中吸附的Zn2+数量高于Zn(NO3)2的0.77-1.16倍;△pH值与吸Zn2+量呈直线关系。由解吸情况可以判明红壤胶体表面的高能吸附位占的比例明显大于黄棕壤或砖红壤。  相似文献   

5.
为了解九龙坡花椒种植区土壤养分状况及该区地形因子、土壤肥力因子与花椒产量的关系,为科学合理制定花椒高效施肥措施提供理论依据,本研究采用田间调查研究和室内分析的方法,研究了九龙坡花椒种植区低、中、高产区的海拔、坡度及土壤pH、有机质、大量微量元素含量和交换性能的变化特征,及其与花椒产量的关系。研究结果表明：九龙坡花椒普遍种植于200~500 m海拔范围,高产区集中在300 m左右的海拔;从低产区到高产区坡度略有增加,但未达显著水平。土壤均属酸性土,pH<6.5。土壤肥力总体属高水平范围,但各养分因子差异很大,其中土壤阳离子交换量（CEC）、有效磷、有效钙、有效镁、有效铁、有效锰、有效铜、有效锌含量丰富,分别为27.2 cmol（+）·kg-1、35.2 mg·kg-1、3 289.8 mg·kg-1、271.8 mg·kg-1、48.6 mg·kg-1、62.1 mg·kg-1、1.5 mg·kg-1、4.5 mg·kg-1;有机质、碱解氮、速效钾、交换性酸属适中水平,分别为19.1 mg·kg-1、114.9 mg·kg-1、107.0 mg·kg-1、8.1 cmol（+）·kg-1;水溶性硼缺乏,为0.28 mg·kg-1。相关分析表明花椒产量与有效钙、CEC、pH、有效锰、水溶性硼呈显著正相关;通径分析结果表明有效钙、CEC、交换性酸、有效铜、有效铁、有效锌是影响花椒产量的主要因子,逐步回归分析构建了有效钙（X6）与花椒产量（Y）的最优回归线性方程：Y=11.693+0.003X6。综上所述,九龙坡花椒种植区土壤养分失衡较为严重,施肥应注重养分的平衡,增施有机肥,改善土壤理化性状,治理土壤酸化。  相似文献   

6.
利用长期定位试验 ,比较了长期施用含SO42-和Cl- 化肥 22年后稻田土壤的 pH值、养分状况及其吸附解吸特性。结果表明 ,长期施用含SO42-化肥 ,土壤有机质、速效氮和速效钾的含量较高 ,但全量氮磷钾的含量较低 ;长期施用含Cl- 化肥 ,土壤全量氮磷钾和速效磷的含量较高 ,但pH值相对较低。长期施用含上述二种阴离子的化肥后 ,土壤对H2PO4-的最大吸附量均较大 ,且在Cl- 处理下土壤对H2PO4-吸附的结合能较大 ,而SO42-处理下土壤在同等吸附量时对H2PO4-的解吸量相应较多。长期施用含SO42-的化肥亦使土壤对钾素的供应强度较大 (ΔK0的绝对值较大 )、缓冲能力增强 (AR0值较高 ) ,而长期施用含Cl- 的化肥时则与SO42-相反  相似文献   

7.
[目的] 研究黑土区低山丘陵地形侵蚀沟土壤养分特征及其影响因素,为黑土区土地资源合理运用,土壤肥力精确化管理和退化土壤修复工作提供数据与理论支持。[方法] 以黑龙江省延寿县不同发育类型侵蚀沟表层土壤作为研究对象,对0—40 cm层侵蚀沟各部位的土壤进行取样测定,量化分析土壤养分特征。[结果] ①不同侵蚀沟道间有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、速效磷、速效钾、碱解氮含量较CK差异显著(p＜0.05),随侵蚀沟发育,0—40 cm层的土壤有机质含量呈递减趋势,土壤全氮、全磷、全钾、速效磷、速效钾、碱解氮含量总体呈下降趋势。随着土层加深,土壤养分差异显著(p＜0.05),呈下降趋势。受侵蚀—沉积影响,土壤有机质、全氮、全钾、碱解氮含量在沟头段降幅明显;土壤有机质、有效磷、有效钾含量在沟尾因沉积作用下降平缓。②土壤退化指数在0—40 cm层呈A2＞A1＞A3,随侵蚀沟发育,土壤退化程度加重。[结论] 土壤养分与容重总体呈显著负相关,与土壤水稳性团聚体含量、黏粒含量呈显著正相关;土壤剖面与构型差异是造成土壤养分差异的根本原因,侵蚀沟发育是土壤养分变化的次要原因,土壤有机质、全氮、全钾含量也受到部位差异影响。  相似文献   

8.
缓释肥对紫色土油菜生长和养分吸收利用的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
麻井彪  高洁  张建菲 《土壤学报》2020,57(4):1040-1050
分析缓释专用配方肥与当地常用肥对油菜生物量、氮磷钾养分吸收利用及其在土壤中累积的影响,为油菜节肥高效生产提供依据。通过大田试验,以油菜品种三峡油5号为试验材料,设置6种施肥处理：以不施肥（F0）和常规施肥(Fc)为对照处理,缓释专用配方肥设置4种施肥水平(F375: 375 kg·hm-2,F525: 525 kg·hm-2,F675: 675 kg·hm-2,F825: 825 kg·hm-2)。结果表明,不同施用量的缓释专用肥料对油菜产量、单株有效角果数以F675处理最大,F825处理次之,F375处理最小,其分别较Fc 处理增产43.54%、36.82%、13.88%;施用缓释专用配方肥油菜氮养分损失率从Fc处理的78.30%降低至53.97% ~ 73.66%;磷养分损失率从Fc处理的56.65%降低至20.53% ~ 46.13%;施用缓释专用肥料油菜收获期根区土壤全氮、全磷与全钾含量从Fc处理的0.651 0 g·kg-1、0.404 4 g·kg-1与20.74 g·kg-1上升至0.661 7 ~0.691 4 g·kg-1、0.407 2~0.496 0 g·kg-1与28.96~29.50 g·kg-1。施肥大幅增加油菜生物量,缓释专用配方肥的施用不仅利于提升肥料利用率,同时使得根区土壤养分含量变化较小,结合农业可持续发展,实际生产应该施用缓释专用肥。  相似文献   

9.
对宁夏回族自治区银北地区盐碱地野外土壤表层光谱反射率和土壤全盐及盐分进行定量分析,筛选出各土壤盐分指标的敏感波段,然后采用全回归和逐步回归的方法建立各盐分的预测模型。结果表明：表层土壤高光谱反射率r,及其平滑去嗓处理后的值R,lg(R)与全盐含量呈极显著正相关关系,1/R,lg(1/R)与全盐呈极显著负相关关系,(R)'和〔lg(1/R)〕'在特定单波段处表现较佳;土壤表层光谱反射率与CO32-的相关性最强,其次是SO42-;土壤光谱反射率与Na+的相关性在各种变换方法下均较强,其次为Mg2+,与Ca2+的相关性最弱。基于R的逐步回归方程为全盐含量预测的最佳模型;基于土壤光谱反射率拟合土壤CO32-的准确度略高于对土壤HCO3-;敏感波段估测土壤SO42-含量的决定系数明显高于其他阴离子;采用〔lg(1/R)〕'逐步回归得到的方程拟合土壤Na+,K+和Mg2+含量相对于其他变换方式效果更理想。预测模型中对土壤全盐和Na+的模型精度较高,预测能力强;光谱对土壤SO42-和Mg2+的预测能力也较强;对土壤Cl-和Ca2+的预测稳定性、预测能力和精度都较差。  相似文献   

10.
印天寿 《土壤》1982,14(1):24-27
二苯基碳酰二肼应用于Cr2O7-的测定已久,但尚未应用于有机质的测定。本文试图应用此法实现土壤、植株、有机肥中有机质的比色分析。  相似文献   

11.
低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。  相似文献   

12.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing.  相似文献   

13.
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,  相似文献   

14.
“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.  相似文献   

15.
Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.  相似文献   

16.
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils.  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

A 3-year study was carried out to investigate quality parameters in 14 tree fruit and berry species grown in southern Norway. The species were blueberry, apple, aronia, sour cherry, sweet cherry, red raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, red currant and elderberry, harvested along with wild bilberry, cloudberry and lingonberry. Significant differences between species were identified for all quality parameters. The coefficient of variation between species was lowest for pH (12.5%), dry matter (18.9%) and soluble solids (25.3%), followed by titratable acids (59.3%), total phenolics (83.8%), antioxidant capacity FRAP (85.7%) and antiradical power by the DPPH-assay (97.8%), total monomeric anthocyanins (132%) and ascorbic acid (137%). Average coefficient of variation within species were lower and ranged from 4 (pH) to 62% (ascorbic acid). Only the FRAP values were significantly affected by harvesting year with lower levels in 2004 than in 2005 and 2006. There were significant interactions between species and harvesting year for dry matter, soluble solids, pH, ascorbic acid and FRAP. The results indicate generic ranges in composition within species independent upon growing location and climate, and the composition of the tree fruits and berries is not likely to deviate from these ranges. It is concluded that desirable composition of tree fruits and berries and their products should primarily be achieved by selection among species rather than searching fors broadened variation within individual species.  相似文献   

18.
Potassium (K) fixation and release in soil are important factors in the long-term sustainability of a cropping system. Changes in K concentration and characteristics of K fixation and release in rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils in the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)–rice (Oryza sativa L.) rotation were investigated using a rhizobox system. The concentrations of different forms of K in both rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soils decreased with plants compared to without plants, regardless of K fertilizer application. Potassium uptake by crops mainly came from the rhizosphere soil. In the treatment without K fertilizer (–K), the main form of K supplied by the soil to the crops was 1.0 mol L?1 nitric acid (HNO3) nonextractable K, followed by nonexchangeable K, and then exchangeable K. In the treatment with K fertilizer (+K), the main K forms supplied by the soil to the crops were exchangeable K and nonexchangeable K. The amount and rate of K fixation after one cycle of the rapeseed–rice rotation was greater in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The amount and rate of K fixation of soil in the +K treatment were significantly less than in the –K treatment. The cumulative amounts of K released with 1.0 mol L?1 ammonium acetate (NH4OAc) and 1.0 mol L?1 HNO3 extraction increased with the increasing numbers of extractions, but the K-releasing power of soil by successive extraction decreased gradually and finally became almost constant. The release of K was less in rhizosphere soil than in nonrhizosphere soil. The release of K in the +K treatment was similar to that in the –K treatment in rhizosphere soil, but the K release in nonrhizosphere soil was greater with the +K than the –K treatment. Overall, the information obtained in this study will be helpful in formulating more precise K fertilizer recommendations for certain soils.  相似文献   

19.
Biologically enhanced dissolution offers a method to speed removal of chlorinated solvent dense non-aqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL) sources such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichoroethene (TCE) from aquifers. Bioremediation is accomplished by adding an electron donor to the source zone where fermentation to intermediates leading to acetic acid and hydrogen results. The hydrogen and possibly acetic acid are used by dehalogenating bacteria to convert PCE and TCE to ethene and hydrochloric acid. Reductive dehalogenation is thus an acid forming process, and sufficient alkalinity must be present to maintain a near neutral pH. The bicarbonate alkalinity required to maintain pH above 6.5 is a function of the electron donor: 800 mg/L of bicarbonate alkalinity is sufficient to achieve about 1.2 mM TCE dechlorination with glucose, 1.7 mM with lactate, and a much higher 3.3 mM with formate. Laboratory studies indicate that in mixed culture, formate can be used as an electron donor for complete conversion to ethene, contrary to pure cultures studies indicating it cannot. Various strategies can be used to add electron donor to an aquifer for DNAPL dehalogenation while minimizing pH problems and excessive electron donor usage, including use of injection-extraction wells, dual recirculation wells, and nested injection-extraction wells.  相似文献   

20.
To evaluate the feasibility of long-term desert reforestation technology of mixed vegetation, cardon cactus (Pachycereus pringlei) seedlings from indoor and outdoor nurseries were planted in the field adjacent to one seedling of potential legume nurse trees: mesquite amargo (Prosopis articulata), yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla), and blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida). Some of the planting holes were also supplemented with common dairy compost. Additionally, the combinations of legume tree–cactus were inoculated with either a consortium of desert arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB; the diazotroph Azospirillum brasilense Cd, and the phosphate solubilizer Paenibacillus sp.), or a mixture of all. The field experiments were evaluated periodically during 30 months for survival and growth. Cardons reared in an outdoor screen house survived better in the field than those reared in a controlled growth chamber and hardened later outdoors. Association with any legume nurse tree increased survival and enhanced growth of untreated cardons. For cardons growing alone, application of either compost, AM fungi, and all the treatments combined increased survival. For these plants, no treatment affected plant growth during the first 3 months after transplanting. Later, all treatments, except for AM fungi, enhanced plant growth. However, only 2 years after transplanting the enhanced growth effect of AM fungi was also significant. In the presence of the legume nurse trees, transient positive effects on cardon growth were recorded. General evaluation after 30 months of cultivation showed that the treatments positively affected cardon growth when growing alone or in combination only with mesquite amargo but not with the other two legume trees. This study proposes that young legume trees have the capacity to enhance survival and growth of cardon cactus, depending on the legume cactus combination. Additional treatments such as compost or PGPB can either amplify the effect or else attenuate it.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号