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FSH和FSHR在雌性哺乳动物繁殖中的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
卵泡刺激素（Follicle Stimulating Hormone,FSH）是一种由垂体分泌的糖蛋白激素。在雌性哺乳动物主要的生理作用是刺激卵泡发育和排卵;卵泡刺激素受体（Follicle Stimulating Hormone,FSHR）是FSH的特异性受体,FSH发挥作用必须由FSHR来介导。FSHR属于G蛋白偶联受体家族中的成员,通过cAMP通路介导FSH的信号转导。二者对提高雌性哺乳动物的产仔数具有重要的作用。 相似文献
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对48只太行山羊(供体羊)、40只太行山羊和120只奶山羊(受体羊)进行了同期发情和超数排卵胚胎移植试验。其结果如下:(1)CIDR PMSG对太行山羊同期发情,有效发情率为75%;CIDR FSH对奶山羊同期发情,有效发情率为73%。(2)CIDR FSH LH组平均可用胚胎数分别与CIDR PMSG组和CIDR PMSG LH组之间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01),而与CI-DR FSH组之间差异显著(P<0.05)。(3)CIDR FSH LH超排时,用CIDR FSH对奶山羊进行同期发情,受体妊娠率为56%;CIDR PMSG对太行山羊同期发情,受体妊娠率为60%水平。证明在非繁殖季节对太行山羊采用CIDR FSH LH超数排卵和以太行山羊及奶山羊为受体分别用CIDR PMSG和CIDR FSH同期发情来进行胚胎移植的技术方案是可行的。 相似文献
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能量对初情期前母猪卵巢LHR和FSHR mRNA表达的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对9头50日龄、体质量为30 kg的初情期前杜×长×大三元杂交母猪进行长期日粮能量差异饲养试验.饲养结束后屠宰,取卵巢液氮保存.半定量RT-PCR检测每头母猪卵巢LH和FSH受体mRNA的含量.结果,高能组卵巢LH和FSH受体mRNA的含量显著高于中能组和低能组(P<0.05);而低能组显著低于中能组和高能组(P<0.05).表明,能量水平高的日粮可以显著地促进初情期前卵巢上LH和FSH受体在mRNA水平的表达,而能量水平不足的日粮则不利于这种表达.本文首次报道了日粮能量水平对母猪卵巢LH和FSH受体mRNA表达的影响. 相似文献
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为探讨狮头鹅不同繁殖阶段FSHβ及其受体的表达规律,采用SYBR GreenⅠ荧光定量PCR方法对产蛋期、就巢期和休产期狮头鹅垂体和卵巢组织中FSHβ及其受体的表达水平进行检测。结果表明:FSHβ、FSHR在狮头鹅垂体和卵巢组织中均有表达,垂体FSHβ的相对表达量极显著高于卵巢(P<0.01),而FSHR的相对表达量在卵巢中较高;在不同的繁殖阶段,垂体FSHβ与卵巢FSHR的表达趋势相似,产蛋期相对表达量极显著高于就巢期和休产期(P<0.01)。由此可见,狮头鹅垂体和卵巢组织中FSHβ及FSHR表达水平的变化与繁殖周期密切相关。 相似文献
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5个品种优质肉用绵羊的超数排卵与胚胎移植 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
为进一步提高不同优质肉用品种绵羊的超数排卵与胚胎移植效果,本实验采用4种不同的超排方案(CIDR+FSH减量、CIDR+FSH+PMSG、CIDR+FSH+PG、CIDR+FSH等量)对17只绵羊(杜伯、白萨福克、黑萨福克、德克塞尔、美利奴)进行超数排卵处理,选择体况良好的杂交羊87只做受体,并进行胚胎移植实验。结果表明:第1组(CIDR+FSH减量)和第2组(CIDR+FSH+PMSG)方案超排平均可用胚数分别为6.20、6.60枚,显著高于第3组(CIDR+FSH+PG)和第4组(CIDR+FSH等量)方案(P<0.05);白萨福克、德克塞尔、杜伯超排平均可用胚数分别为7.67、6.20枚和6.25枚,显著高于黑萨福克和美利奴(P<0.05)。供体羊全部发情,得到95枚可用胚胎;51只受体新鲜胚胎移植3个月后经B超检查38只受体怀孕,妊娠率74.5%,产羔率88.2%。因此,CIDR+FSH+PMSG是优质肉绵羊超数排卵方案的最佳组合。 相似文献
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研究结果表明,FSH对供体发情有显著的促进作用(P＜0.05),经FSH处理后,供体发情高峰期(51.11%～61.11%)的时间比受体早12h.同期发情方法对受体发情情况有显著的影响(P＜0.05),经CIDR法同期发情的受体的发情高峰期(58.94%)比PG法早24h(P＜0.01). 相似文献
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西藏当雄牦牛超数排卵及胚胎移植试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2005年8月初，对西藏当雄10头5~10岁供体母牦牛实施了超数排卵试验，超排选用PGF2α+FSH刺激法和埋置阴道栓Cu-Mate+促卵泡素FSH刺激法，FSH的剂量为8.8~9.0 mg/头。根据超排后供体发情表现、黄体数量及获得胚胎数量及质量评定超排效果，将胚胎鲜胚移植给经同期处理的受体母牦牛。结果为：10头供体牛共获得7枚胚胎，PGF2α+FSH连续递减法得到5枚可用胚胎，Cu-Mate+FSH法没有冲到胚胎，５枚胚胎移植给５头受体后妊娠并出生４头牦犊牛。结论为：PGF2α+FSH连续递减法超排效果较好，胚胎移植取得初步成功。 相似文献
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《中国家禽》2019,(14)
为探讨热应激对雄性文昌鸡雏鸡垂体-睾丸轴(PT axis)中主要生殖激素以及其受体的影响,将72只1日龄健康雏鸡随机分为对照组(CK)和热应激组(HS),饲养6周,每周龄末用ELISA和免疫组化法分别测定雏鸡血清中黄体生成素(LH)、促卵泡激素(FSH)、睾酮(T)含量及其受体表达情况。结果显示:雏鸡血清中LH、FSH、T水平分别在26～40 ng/L、6～13 IU/L、179～309 ng/L之间波动,且HS组LH和T低于CK组(P0.05),FSH则相反(P0.01);LH受体(LHR)和FSH受体(FSHR)阳性细胞在垂体随机分布,而T受体(TR)阳性细胞主要分布腺垂体中部及边缘,且初期垂体FSHR较多,LHR较少,后期反之,TR分布较少且较为稳定,受热应激影响具有时间效应;LHR、FSHR、TR阳性细胞主要分布于睾丸间质,第3周起,HS组LHR、FSHR、TR阳性细胞数低于CK组。结果表明:热应激干扰雏鸡PT轴生殖激素的正常分泌,阻碍LH、FSH、T受体发育。 相似文献
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In vitro responsiveness of the horse anterior pituitary (AP) gonadotropes to single and multiple GnRH challenges was examined. The pituitaries were collected from reproductively sound mares in estrus (n = 5) and diestrus (n = 5). Uniform 0.5 mm AP slices were subdivided using a 3 mm biopsy punch and then bisected for use in the perifusion chamber. Four bisected sections per chamber were perifused at 0.5 ml/min at 37 C for 560 min in Medium 199 saturated with 95% 0(2)/5% CO2. Ten minute fractions were collected after an initial 2 hr equilibration period. Four different treatment regimes of GnRH (10(-10) M) were evaluated: (A) three consecutive 10 min GnRH pulses separated by 80 and 100 min, respectively; (B) a single 120 min GnRH infusion; (C) a 10 min GnRH pulse followed 80 min later by a 120 min GnRH infusion and (D) two 10 min GnRH pulses separated by 60 min followed 80 min later by a 120 min GnRH infusion. Estimated total pituitary LH content was higher in estrous than diestrus mares (p less than 0.05). The total amount of LH released in response to GnRH tended to be greater in estrus than diestrus (p less than 0.1), whereas the percentage of LH released in estrus and diestrus was similar. An increase in the area under the LH response curve was noted with each successive 10 min pulse of GnRH during both estrus and diestrus (p less than 0.05), demonstrating a self-priming effect of GnRH. In addition, a significant increase in the peak LH amplitude (p less than 0.05) and the slope to peak amplitude (p less than 0.05) were observed for the 120 min GnRH pulse in regime C and D indicating that prior exposure to short-term pulses of GnRH increased the acute LH secretory response. These results suggest that in the cycling mare (1) the responsiveness of the pituitary (amount of LH released as percent of total LH) is similar in both estrus and diestrus, however, the magnitude of the LH response (total microgram amount of LH released) differs with the stage of the estrous cycle, being highest in estrus, and appears to be related, in part, to pituitary LH content and (2) GnRH self-priming occurs independently of the stage of the estrous cycle. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that the pulsatile mode of GnRH can act directly on the anterior pituitary to dictate the pulsatile release pattern of LH in the cycling mare. 相似文献
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The object of this investigation was to study luteinizing hormone (LH) response to different doses of synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in prepubertal gilts. Four crossbred prepubertal gilts, 128–134 days old and body weight 57–63 kg, were used in this study. Four doses, 0. 5, 25 and 125 μg, of GnRH were administered via a jugular vein catheter in a latin square design. Each treatment consisted of 3 injections at 90 min intervals. Frequent blood samples were taken during a period of 90 min before up to 90 min after treatment. Total LH responses were measured from post-treatment samples as the area under the curve above base level obtained from pre-treatment samples. A positive relationship between GnRH dose and LH release was obtained in all gilts, except for 1 treatment given to a gilt with high plasma level of oestradiol-17β on the day of treatment. This study has demonstrated the responsiveness of the pituitary gland by LH release to different doses of GnRH in 4.5-month-old prepubertal gilts. 相似文献
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De Roover K Duchateau L Carmichael N van Geffen C Daminet S 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2006,20(4):812-817
Bovine thyrotropin (bTSH) stimulation testing has long been considered the gold standard for diagnosis of canine hypothyroidism. Unfortunately, bTSH is no longer commercially available. Recently, the use of recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) to perform thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation testing in dogs was described. The cost of an rhTSH vial (1.1 mg) limits the practical use of this product. The study reported here was performed to determine the effects of storing rhTSH on the post-TSH increase of serum total (TT4) and free (FT4) thyroxine concentrations during TSH stimulation testing in 12 euthyroid Beagles in a crossover trial. Three TSH tests with recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH; 91.5 microg IV) were performed on each dog during 3 different periods: 1 with freshly reconstituted rhTSH (fresh); 1 with rhTSH, reconstituted and stored at 4 degrees C for 4 weeks (refrigerated); and 1 with rhTSH, reconstituted and frozen at -20 degrees C for 8 weeks (frozen). Blood samples for determination of TT4 and FT4 concentrations were collected before and 4 and 6 hours after rhTSH administration. There was no significant difference in TT4 or FT4 concentration after stimulation with fresh, refrigerated, and frozen rhTSH. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between TT4 or FT4 serum concentration observed 4 and 6 hours after rhTSH administration. In conclusion, reconstituted rhTSH can be stored at 4 degrees C for 4 weeks and at -20 degrees C for 8 weeks without loss of biological activity, allowing clinicians to perform more TSH response tests per vial. 相似文献
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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is released from hypothalamic neurons into the hypophyseal-portal blood system following enzymatic cleavage of the decapeptide from a large precursor (proGnRH) molecule. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the ability of GnRH-producing neurons to synthesize and/or process proGnRH differed during physiological states associated with a suppressed and enhanced release of GnRH in ewes. Tissues were collected from ovariectomized ewes (OVX, N=4), OVX-estradiol treated ewes (OVX-E, N=5), and ewes (n=7) slaughtered 5 d after parturition (PP). Following euthanasia and exsanguination, stalk-median eminence (SME), medial-basal hypothalamus (MBH) and preoptic areas (POA) were collected. Concentrations of GnRH and proGnRH were determined by radioimmunoassay using specific antisera. Concentrations of GnRH in the SME did not differ (P>.05) between OVX-E and OVX ewes, but both groups contained less (P<.05) GnRH than the SME from PP ewes (4.4 ± 0.7, 12.1 ± 3.8 vs 24.3 ± 5.1 fmol/mg tissue, respectively). Concentrations of proGnRH in SME mimicked those of GnRH and were less (P<.05) in OVX-E ewes than PP ewes, but were not different (P>.05) from those in OVX ewes (.34 ± .34 vs 3.76 ± 1.53 and 1.7 ± .78 fmol/mg, respectively). In the MBH, OVX-E ewes had greater (P<.05) concentrations of GnRH than PP ewes (0.76 ± 0.29 vs 0.24 ± 0.04 fmol/mg) and OVX ewes were intermediate (0.41 ± 0.13 fmol/mg). No differences (P>.05) in concentrations of GnRH in the POA were detected among groups. Concentrations of proGnRH in MBH and POA were not different (P>.05) among groups. In summary, proGnRH is present in the SME which contains nerve terminals of GnRH-producing cells. Although concentrations of proGnRH and GnRH in the SME and MBH were affected by physiological state, ratio's of the prohormone:mature decapeptide remained constant. Therefore, alterations in posttranslational processing of the prohormone leading to formation of the mature GnRH-decapeptide were not demonstrated. 相似文献
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The interaction of human pancreatic growth hormone releasing factor (hpGRF) and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) on chicken growth hormone (cGH) release in vivo and possible noradrenergic involvement on TRH-induced stimulation of cGH in vivo were examined. Four-week old cockerels (1 kg) were injected intravenously with hpGRF (1.0 μg/bird), TRH (0.1 μg/bird), or hpGRF (1.0 μg/bird) in combination with TRH (0.1 μg/bird). Five min after the injection, blood samples were collected and serum concentrations of cGH were determined by a homologous RIA. The results showed that hpGRF and TRH were potent stimulators of cGH release, 5- and 6-fold over the control birds, respectively, and that hpGRF and TRH administered in combination produced a synergistic stimulation of cGH release (>20 fold). In separate experiments, pretreatment with alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine (250 mg/bird) for 2 hours resulted in complete suppression of the TRH stimulatory effect on cGH release but not the stimulatory effect of hpGRF. Pretreated with phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride (20 mg/bird) or diethyl-dithiocarbamate (500 mg/bird) also resulted in complete suppression of TRH-induced cGH release. These results indicate that hpGRF acts directly at the pituitary and TRH acts at the hypothalamus in addition to the pituitary in stimulating cGH release, possibly mediated through the noradrenergic neurons. HpGRF and TRH were potent releasers of cGH and their stimulation was potentiated when administered together. 相似文献
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Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) are widespread vertebrate neuropeptides. In teleost fish the peptides are involved in the hormonal control of skin pigmentation, but they have also been shown to modulate corticosteroid secretion in both fish and mammals. alpha-MSH has additional potent anti-inflammatory actions in mammals and both peptides stimulate leucocyte phagocytosis in rainbow trout in vitro. The effects of these peptides on phagocytosis and the release of immunomodulatory factors by rainbow trout head kidney leucocytes were investigated in vitro. Neither MCH nor alpha-MSH had any effect on the adherence of phagocytes to glass slides or the activity of isolated phagocytes. When added to mixed leucocyte suspensions, however, MCH (50 and 100nM) and alpha-MSH (1 and 10nM) significantly increased the percentage of cells undergoing phagocytosis and MCH (50nM), but not alpha-MSH, stimulated the phagocytic index. In subsequent experiments, isolated phagocytes were exposed to supernatants derived from mixed leucocyte suspensions exposed to MCH (50 and 100nM) and alpha-MSH (1 and 10nM). Supernatants from leucocytes exposed to all doses of the peptides significantly increased the percentage phagocytosis and those from cells stimulated with MCH (100nM) and alpha-MSH (1 and 10nM) increased the phagocytic index of the phagocytes. The results suggest that cells other than phagocytes are required for MCH and alpha-MSH to exert their stimulatory effects on trout phagocytic cells through the release of one or more macrophage-activating factors. 相似文献