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1.
产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌研究进展 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌 (T Pm)是引起猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的主要病原菌。对 T Pm的检出及高效疫苗的研制是根除猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的关键。产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌毒素是一种皮肤坏死毒素 ,也是一种活性很强的有丝分裂原 ,单独就可引起细胞 DNA的合成及分裂。基于此毒素的特性 ,已经建立了诸如豚鼠皮肤坏死实验、小鼠致死实验、细胞促生长实验、胎牛肺细胞毒性实验、EL ISA及 PCR等方法来检测产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌。随着人们对产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌毒素活性的研究 ,猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎的疫苗也逐渐向更安全、有效的毒素疫苗发展。文章主要对 T Pm的检测方法、毒素生物学活性及疫苗的发展进行了概述 相似文献
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产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌是猪严重临床萎缩性鼻炎的主要病因。对多杀性巴氏杆菌毒素的研究揭示,这种毒素是多杀性巴氏杆菌引起萎缩性鼻炎的主要因子。其他细菌也有可能产生这种毒素,并且这些细菌可能代表了萎缩性鼻炎尚未发现的一种原因。用提纯的类毒素进行免疫可保护猪免受此病侵害。应用遗传工程法可生产一种安全有效的类毒素作疫苗用。已经发明了检测产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌的试验法,原理是检测其毒素或其基因;这就将大大有助于筛选猪群健康计划和筛选种猪群。新发现的毒素特性可加深我们对骨再成形方式的了解。应用多杀性巴氏杆菌毒素来研究细胞生物学已提出了一个新的和激动人心的挑战。 相似文献
3.
猪萎缩性鼻炎 (ＡＲ)是一种慢性接触性传染病。病原主要为支气管败血波氏杆菌 ,近年来证实产毒素多杀性巴氏杆菌等病菌与支气管败血波氏杆菌的混合感染是引起本病的主要原因。严重的萎缩性鼻炎是由多杀性巴氏杆菌产毒素菌株感染鼻腔引起的 ;温和的萎缩性鼻炎与支气管败血波氏杆菌的产毒菌株 ,或多杀性巴氏杆菌的非产毒素菌株 ,或与鼻腔菌群中的其它成员有关。此外饲养管理不善 ,如通风不良、尘埃水平过高、过分拥挤等均可诱发本病并加剧萎缩性鼻炎的严重程度。猪萎缩性鼻炎在易感猪群中 ,主要通过空气飞沫经呼吸道传染。临床上以鼻炎、鼻梁… 相似文献
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猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎是由支气管败血波氏杆菌和产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的猪的一种慢性接触性呼吸道传染病.传染性极强,发病率高,但死亡率低. 相似文献
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自1959年美国学者提出支气管败血波氏杆菌为猪萎缩性鼻炎的病原以来,大多数学者均表赞同。然而,近十多年的大量研究证实,产毒多杀巴氏杆菌才是本病的主要病原,它可诱发典型的猪萎缩性鼻炎。 Gwatkin等(1953)首先提出该病与多杀巴氏杆菌的感染有关,但未能用实验证实。Ilina(1975)等先后分离出多杀巴氏杆菌产毒株,并用所得菌株经腹 相似文献
7.
猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎是由支气管败血波氏杆菌和产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的猪的慢性接触性、渐进性及消耗性疾病。病猪以鼻甲骨萎缩，鼻部和颜面扭曲变形，慢性鼻炎和生长发育迟缓为特征。 相似文献
8.
王军 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2009,(6):70-70
猪萎缩性鼻炎是由败血波氏杆菌和产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的猪的一种呼吸道传染病,主要特征是鼻甲骨萎缩、口鼻部变形和生长迟滞.该病对养猪业危害很大. 相似文献
9.
鲍娟 《上海畜牧兽医通讯》2013,(1):7-9
本试验基于T＋Pm产生皮肤坏死毒素的生物学活性,采用豚鼠皮肤坏死试验检测Pm分离物所产毒素的特征并进行病理组织学观察;针对猪萎缩性鼻炎Pm菌株的toxA基因选择不同引物,鉴别T＋Pm与T—Pm分离物。针对ToxA基因中的1230bp片段,将分离自有萎缩性鼻炎临床症状猪群的17株多杀性巴氏杆菌（Pasteurellamultocida,Pro）进行PCR扩增,其中4株Pm分离菌株确定为产毒多杀性巴氏杆菌（ToxingenicPasteurellamultoci da,T＋Pm）,占23．53％（4／17）。本试验丰富了猪源多杀性巴氏杆菌的基因资源,在猪萎缩性鼻炎的诊断、防制和净化上具有应用价值。 相似文献
10.
猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎是由支气管败血波士杆菌和产毒素的多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的以鼻炎、鼻中隔弯曲、鼻甲骨萎缩和病猪生长迟缓为特征的慢性接触性呼吸道传染病。本病有两种临床类型：第一种是非进行性萎缩性鼻炎，主要由支气管败血波士杆菌所致；第二种主要由产毒素多杀性巴氏杆菌引起。以上菌的抵抗力不强，一般消毒药均可杀死。 相似文献
11.
T Frymus 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1990,97(9):364-366
Evidence that cattle, goats and rabbits may suffer from natural diseases equivalent to porcine atrophic rhinitis is presented. Etiology and course of the progressive (enzootic) and non-progressive (sporadic) forms of atrophic rhinitis in pigs are discussed and compared with known data about similar diseases in other animals. It seems that atrophic rhinitis caused by toxigenic strains of Pasteurella multocida may be a disease of different animal species. 相似文献
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Monolayers of Vero cells showed a morphological changes after exposure to supernatants of certain porcine Pasteurella multocida cultures. It appeared possible to screen Pasteurella multocida isolates for their ability to produce toxin and to cause atrophic rhinitis in pigs. A close correlation with the guinea pig skin test was demonstrated. 相似文献
14.
T Frymus W Bielecki T Jakubowski 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1991,38(4):265-268
In a commercial rabbitry nasal swabs were taken from 36 animals with enzootic upper respiratory disease resembling porcine atrophic rhinitis. 35 Pasteurella multocida strains were isolated from 17 rabbits. Among 30 strains tested for dermonecrotic toxin production 3, derived from 3 animals, were positive in the guinea pig skin test. 15 Bordetella bronchiseptica strains were recovered from 14 rabbits. No toxigenic strains were found among 6 isolates tested using the same method. 相似文献
15.
Development of turbinate lesions and nasal colonization by Bordetella bronchiseptica and Pasteurella multocida during long-term exposure of healthy pigs to pigs affected by atrophic rhinitis. 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 Natural transmission of atrophic rhinitis from pigs from a herd with an endemic atrophic rhinitis problem to pigs from a herd free of atrophic rhinitis was demonstrated. Six replicates each with five pigs from the endemic atrophic rhinitis herd (Group A) and five pigs from the atrophic rhinitis-free herd (Group B) were housed together from 5 wk of age, with each replicate kept in isolation rooms maintained at optimal and controlled environmental conditions. Three replicates each with six pigs/room from the atrophic rhinitis-free herd (Group C), served as nonexposed controls. Group C pigs remained healthy and had no turbinate atrophy at either 10 or 17 wk of study (atrophic rhinitis score = 0 on a 0 to 3 scale). Group A pigs had a mean atrophic rhinitis score of 1.85 +/- 0.84, and group B pigs developed atrophic rhinitis to a mean score of 1.57 +/- 0.70. The isolation rate and quantity of Pasteurella multocida found on nasal swabs was directly related to lesions while those for Bordetella bronchiseptica were inversely related to turbinate atrophy. Of the various types of P. multocida evaluated, nontoxigenic type A and toxigenic type D were both directly related to atrophic rhinitis while nontoxigenic type D strains were not. No toxigenic type A P. multocida strains were isolated. 相似文献
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Pasteurella multocida is an important veterinary and opportunistic human pathogen. The species is diverse and complex with respect to antigenic variation, host predeliction and pathogenesis. Certain serological types are the aetiologic agents of severe pasteurellosis, such as fowl cholera in domestic and wild birds, bovine haemorrhagic septicaemia and porcine atrophic rhinitis. The recent application of molecular methods such as the polymerase chain reaction, restriction endonuclease analysis, ribotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, gene cloning, characterisation and recombinant protein expression, mutagenesis, plasmid and bacteriophage analysis and genomic mapping, have greatly increased our understanding of P. multocida and has provided researchers with a number of molecular tools to study pathogenesis and epidemiology at a molecular level. 相似文献
17.
Atrophic rhinitis in goats in Norway 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
K J Baalsrud 《The Veterinary record》1987,121(15):350-353
The spontaneous occurrence of atrophic rhinitis in 12 of 49 goat herds in one area of Norway is described. The clinical signs included nose bleeding, nasal discharge, sneezing and tender noses. Pathologically, the macroscopic and histological findings resembled those found in pigs with atrophic rhinitis. Bacteriological investigation of nasal swabs in five of the herds revealed toxigenic strains of Pasteurella multocida in three of them. In four of the herds the clinical signs were seen in two or more consecutive years. No specific source of the infection was discovered. Atrophic rhinitis was induced experimentally in kids by the nasal inoculation of toxigenic strains of P multocida and atrophic rhinitis toxin. 相似文献
18.
Expression of a truncated Pasteurella multocida toxin antigen in Bordetella bronchiseptica 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mild or subclinical respiratory infections caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica are widespread in pigs despite multiple control efforts. Infection with virulent B. bronchiseptica strains is a common risk factor in the establishment of toxin-producing strains of Pasteurella multocida in the nasal cavity of pigs leading to the disease, atrophic rhinitis (AR). This study was designed to explore the possibility of expressing a protective epitope of P. multocida toxin (PMT) in B. bronchiseptica to create single-component mucosal vaccine to control atrophic rhinitis in pigs. To achieve this, a P. multocida toxin fragment (PMTCE), that was non-toxic and protective against lethal challenge in mice, was cloned into a broad-host-range plasmid, PBBR1MCS2, and introduced into B. bronchiseptica by electroporation. The Pasteurella gene construct was placed under the regulatory control of a promoter region that was separately isolated from B. bronchiseptica and appears to be part of the heat shock protein gene family. B. bronchiseptica harboring the plasmid under antibiotic selection expressed the 80kDa PMTCE as determined by PAGE and Western blot with a PMT-specific monoclonal antibody. When introduced into the respiratory tracts of mice, B. bronchiseptica harboring the plasmid construct was reisolated in declining numbers for 72h post-inoculation. Antibody responses (IgM, IgA and IgG) to B. bronchiseptica were detected in serum and respiratory lavage, but PMTCE-specific antibodies were not detected. While further refinements of PMT expression in B. bronchiseptica are necessary, this study provides a basis for the development of a single-component, live-attenuated vaccine against atrophic rhinitis. 相似文献
19.
Previously we described the development of an attenuated Pasteurella multocida mutant that expresses only the N-terminal truncated fragment of P. multocida toxin (N-PMT) and its protective effects in a mouse model. This paper details our evaluation of the vaccine potential of this mutant strain in pigs. Pigs vaccinated with the mutant showed significantly higher rates of antibody induction and lower nasal conchal (turbinate) scores for atrophic rhinitis than controls, which suggests that this mutant strain may be a good candidate for a live attenuated vaccine. 相似文献
20.
Expression of 4 truncated fragments of Pasteurella multocida toxin and their immunogenicity 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Jayoung Seo Hyoju Pyo Semi Lee Jaeil Lee Taejung Kim 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2009,73(3):184-189
Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) is a poor antigen that becomes more immunogenic after its native structure has been destroyed. In contrast, partially truncated PMT proteins, which are predicted to be good antigens when used as a vaccine, might be used to improve the control of atrophic rhinitis in pigs. In this study, 4 truncated PMT fragments were expressed in Escherichia coli, and those 4 fragments were inoculated into mice to produce the polyclonal antibodies. The results of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that #1 and #4 fragments were the most immunogenic. Immunized mice were subsequently challenged intraperitoneally with P. multocida type D. Five of the eight #1 fragment-immunized mice showed some protection against death and bacterial clearance. Pigs immunized with #1 fragment produced no or mild atrophic rhinitis (turbinate conchal score) after challenge, suggesting that this #1 fragment could be a good candidate for a subunit recombinant-type vaccine. 相似文献