共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 687 毫秒
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朊病也称传染性海绵状脑病,目前研究认为主要由3种原因引起:一是遗传性因素:由于编码PrPc的基因发生致病性突变所造成;二是后天获得性因素:由外源性的朊病毒感染引起;三是散发性因素:由不明原因造成.朊病是由朊病毒(即PrPSc)所引起,朊病毒能够自我复制,而且具有蛋白酶抗性,是目前惟一确定的病原因子.PrPSc的复制是通过正常细胞朊蛋白即PrPc转变而来. 相似文献
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金黄地鼠是研究动物传染性海绵状脑病的理想模型动物之一,其脑组织内朊蛋白基因动态表达数据的测定对探讨该类疾病的发生、发展和分子致病机理具有重要意义。我们利用实时荧光定量RT-PCR技术,对不同年龄金黄地鼠大脑、小脑、丘脑和脑干PrP基因的表达进行了定量。结果发现,脑的四个检测部位都呈现高的表达量,但是同一年龄段不同组织每纳克总RNA中朊蛋白基因的表达量和每毫克组织中朊蛋白基因的表达量有显著的差别,不同组织在不同年龄出现表达高峰。本研究的结果对于探讨朊蛋白的基本功能和脑组织在传染性海绵状脑病病理发生中的作用,提供了基础数据。 相似文献
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疯牛病 1 概念：“疯牛病”有多种名称，目前世界上广泛采用的病名是“传染性海绵状脑病”（TranSmissible spongifolm encephaiopathies TSE），简称“牛海绵状脑病”（BSE）。由于它是由“朊病毒”（又称“朊粒”）引起，所以，有的又叫“朊病毒病”或“朊粒病”（Prion diseases）。除此之外还有称为“传染性变性脑病”（TDE）、“传染性脑淀粉样变性”（TCA）、“亚急性海绵状脑病”（SSE）、“亚急性海绵状病毒性脑病”（SSVE）等的。严格意义上的“TSEs”应译为“可传递性海绵状脑病”。该病是人和动物共患、呈亚急性、渐进… 相似文献
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异常朊蛋白(P rP sc)是一种可引起人和动物传染性脑退化病的不含核酸的蛋白因子。P rP c是一个正常的蛋白,有正常的生理功能,主要分布于神经元表面,属于肌醇磷脂锚蛋白类。由P rP c向P rP sc转变即产生疾病。作者简单介绍了正常和异常朊蛋白结构、功能、构象改变及朊病毒种属屏障的研究进展,并提出了目前尚待研究的问题。 相似文献
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根据已报道正常哺乳动物朊蛋白(PrP)基因序列设计引物,采用PCR法扩增了德州驴的PrP基因,将其克隆到T-Vector。序列测定及分析表明所克隆的德州驴PrP基因片段为767 bp,该基因内无内含子,包含了驴PRNP完整编码区序列,编码256个氨基酸的前体蛋白,推测其分子量约34 ku。通过对德州驴朊病毒核苷酸和氨基酸序列与其他7种动物的比较,我们发现有3个区域变异较大,分别与种属屏障和潜伏期有关。经推测驴的PrP基因型是ARQ型,对羊痒病中度敏感,但是至今没有马属动物感染羊痒病的报道。这为TSE种间传播的突破提供了基础数据。 相似文献
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Vella LJ Greenwood DL Cappai R Scheerlinck JP Hill AF 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,124(3-4):385-393
Prion diseases are transmissible neurodegenerative disorders affecting humans and a wide variety of animal species including sheep and cattle. The transmissible agent, the prion, is an abnormally folded form (PrP(Sc)) of the host encoded cellular prion protein (PrP(C)). Distribution of the prion protein in the fluids of species susceptible to these diseases is of importance to human health and the iatrogenic spread of prion disease. Aside from blood which is confirmed to be a source of prion infectivity, it is currently unclear which other body fluids harbor a significant transmission risk. In the current study we examined two ovine fluids; pseudo-afferent lymph and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), for the presence of exosomes and concurrent enrichment of the normal, cellular form of the prion protein (PrP(C)). Here we demonstrate the existence of exosomes in both pseudo-afferent lymph and CSF isolated from sheep. In the CSF derived exosomes we were able to show an enrichment of PrP(C) over unfractionated CSF. This experimental approach suggests that CSF derived exosomes could be used as a novel means of detecting abnormal forms of the prion protein and provide an in vivo link between these vesicles and prion disease pathogenesis. 相似文献
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A prion disease of cervids: chronic wasting disease 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sigurdson CJ 《Veterinary research》2008,39(4):41
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prion disease of deer, elk, and moose, initially recognized in Colorado mule deer. The discovery of CWD beyond the borders of Colorado and Wyoming, in Canada and as far east as New York, has led to its emergence as a prion disease of international importance. Epidemiological studies indicate that CWD is horizontally transmitted among free-ranging animals, potentially indirectly by prion-containing secreta or excreta contaminating the environment. Experimental CWD transmission attempts to other wild and domestic mammals and to transgenic mice expressing the prion protein of cattle, sheep, and humans have shed light on CWD species barriers. Transgenic mice expressing the cervid prion protein have proven useful for assessing the genetic influences of Prnp polymorphisms on CWD susceptibility. Accumulating evidence of CWD pathogenesis indicates that the misfolded prion protein or prion infectivity seems to be widely disseminated in many nonneural organs and in blood. This review highlights contemporary research findings in this prion disease of free-ranging wildlife. 相似文献
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Amir N Hamir Thomas Gidlewski Terry R Spraker Janice M Miller Lynn Creekmore Michelle Crocheck Thomas Cline Katherine I O'Rourke 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2006,18(1):110-114
To compare the genetic susceptibility of elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) with various alleles of the PRNP gene, which encodes the normal cellular prion protein, to chronic wasting disease (CWD), eight 8-month-old elk calves of 3 genotypes (2 132MM, 2 132LM, and 4 132LL) were orally dosed with CWD-infected brain material from elk. During postinoculation (PI) month 23, both 132MM elk had lost appetite, developed clinical signs of weight loss and central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction, and were euthanized. Two other elk (both 132LM) developed similar clinical signs of disease and were euthanized during PI month 40. All 4 affected elk had microscopic lesions of spongiform encephalopathy (SE), and PrPres, the disease-associated form of the prion protein, was detected in their CNS and lymphoid tissues by use of immunohistochemical (IHC) and Western blot (WB) techniques. These findings indicate that elk with MM and LM at codon 132 are susceptible to orally inoculated CWD. All 4 LL elk are alive at PI year 4 and are clinically normal, which suggests that 132LL elk may have reduced susceptibility to oral infection with CWD-infected material or may have prolonged incubation time. 相似文献
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小胶质细胞活化是朊病的病理学特征之一。朊蛋白多肽PrP106—126具神经毒性,是研究异常腕蛋白（PrPSc）的理想工具。为探讨PrP106—126对小胶质细胞氧化压力的影响。本研究以小胶质细胞BV-2为细胞模型,PrP106—126作用48h,应用MTT和流式细胞仪检测细胞的活化情况,应用分子探针技术对细胞的氧化压力（reactiveoxygenspecies,ROs）进行检测,并通过荧光定量RT—PCR对与R0s相关的酶的mRNA表达进行了测定。结果表明PrPl06—126显著促进小胶质细胞BV-2的活化,并提高胞内的ROS水平;定量RT—PCR显示,PrP106—126显著降低细胞S0D-1（P〈0．01）表达水平、提高胞内Cat（P〈0．01）的表达水平;对Grx、Trx-1、和Trx-2mRNA的表达水平有升高的趋势,但未达到显著水平（P〉0．05）,对SOd-2、GPx、GR无显著性影响（P〉0．05）。从分子水平初步阐明小胶质细胞ROS升高的机理。 相似文献
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Sections of medulla oblongata, taken at the level of the obex, palatine tonsil and medial retropharyngeal lymph node from 10,269 captive Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni), were examined by immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody for the prion protein associated with the transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of cervids, chronic wasting disease (PrP(CWD)). The protein was detected in 226 of them. On the basis of the anatomical location of the deposits in the brainstem of 183 elk, four distinct patterns of distribution of PrP(CWD) within the parasympathetic region of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve and the adjacent nuclei were observed. Mild gross lesions of chronic wasting disease (serous atrophy of fat) were observed in only three elk, all with spongiform degeneration; the other elk were considered to be in the preclinical stage of the disease. In contrast with the relatively predictable distribution of prion protein (PrP) in the brain and cranial nodes of sheep and mule deer, the distribution of PrP(CWD) in the brain and nodes of the elk was more variable and unrelated to their PrP genotype. One hundred and fifty-five of the 226 positive elk had deposits of PrP(CWD) in the brainstem and lymphoid tissues, 43 had deposits only in the lymphoid tissue and 28 had deposits only in the brainstem. 相似文献