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不同品种品系及品系组合猪间繁殖和生长性能测定报告 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解大约克、长白和杜洛克3个品种不同品系的猪在繁殖性能和生长性能上的特点和差异,对大丰丰海种猪繁育有限公司所饲养的大约克(法系、美系、法×美、美×法)、长白(美系、挪系、美×挪、挪×美)和美系杜洛克的繁殖性状和生长性状进行测定和分析,结果表明:1)大约克猪的窝产仔数、窝产活仔数、初生窝重、21日龄断奶重、妊娠天数和断奶到再配种间隔在4个品系间差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)从长白猪所统计的6项繁殖指标而言,除初生窝重在4个品系间差异不显著外,其余5项指标(窝产仔数、窝产活仔数、21日龄断奶重、妊娠天数、断奶到再配种间隔)美系长白都相对较好。3)对于生长性状而言,大约克猪的4个品系达100 kg体重日龄间差异不显著(P>0.05),美系大约克的背膘最薄(13.1 mm),低于其它3个品系;在长白猪中,美系长白达30 kg体重日龄最低为76.83 d,极显著低于挪×美组合(P<0.01)。4)对于大约克、长白和杜洛克3个品种而言,达100 kg体重日龄分别为179.5 d、182.3 d和179.2 d,3者间差异不显著;杜洛克的活体背膘厚(10.5 mm)极显著低于大约克(13.9 mm,P<0.01),显著低于长白(13.6 mm,P<0.05)。 相似文献
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猪的生长性能受性别、遗传、营养和环境因素的共同影响。分析广西扬翔股份有限公司所属3个种猪场2015—2019年的生猪生长性能数据,研究性别、出生季节、胎次、猪场等因素对扬翔华系杜洛克猪生长性能的影响。发现不同性别扬翔华系杜洛克猪的校正达115 kg体重日龄、校正达115 kg日增重、校正达115 kg背膘厚和校正达115 kg眼肌面积等均差异极显著(P<0.01)。不同季节出生的扬翔华系杜洛克公猪校正达115 kg体重日龄差异极显著(P<0.01);不同季节出生的扬翔华系杜洛克母猪校正达115 kg体重日龄春季和夏季比较差异不显著(P>0.05),秋季和冬季比较差异不显著(P>0.05),但秋季和冬季出生的母猪校正达115 kg体重极显著大于春季和夏季出生的猪。此外,第3胎次出生的猪只校正达115 kg体重日龄最小,校正达115 kg日增重最大且与其他胎次间差异显著(P<0.05);第5胎次出生的猪只校正达115 kg体重日龄最大,校正达115 kg日增重最小且与其他胎次间差异显著(P<0.05)。扬翔华系杜洛克公猪校正达115 kg体重日龄、校正达115 kg日增重、校正达115 kg背膘厚、校正达115 kg眼肌面积在3个不同猪场间差异极显著(P<0.01)。 相似文献
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湛江农垦是粤西地区首次直接从美国引进新美系杜洛克、大约克、长白种猪的单位,通过近2年的繁育试验,一代种猪初生均重达1.7kg,28日龄断奶均重9.3kg,77日龄转群均重35.5kg,分别比原来提高21.4%(0.3kg)、24%(1.8kg)、31.5%(8.5kg),校正至100kg体重的日龄平均为146d,比原来缩短10多d。该场繁育出来第一代新美系种猪最好指标为:28日龄断奶重最大的个体达16kg、77日龄达50kg,至100kg体重为131日龄。实践证明,新美系种猪在炎热的粤西地区仍然能够发挥其优秀遗传性能。 相似文献
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为研究内江猪生长发育规律,本研究测定了346头内江猪的体重,并使用Logistic、Gompertz和Von Bertalanffy这3种非线性生长曲线模型对其进行生长曲线拟合,使用最佳的生长曲线模型计算相对生长量(R)和绝对生长量(G)。对114头内江猪的体重和体尺进行相关性分析,进一步构建体重预测模型。结果表明：Gompertz模型对内江猪体重具有最佳的拟合效果,该模型估计的拐点日龄为156.74 d,拐点体重为64.41 kg。通过对内江猪生长发育规律分析,发现内江猪在180日龄时生长速度达到最大,之后随日龄的增加逐渐下降,体重与体尺性状间呈正相关关系。雌性内江猪的最佳体重预测模型为：BW=20.1+0.644BH+0.304BL+0.472CC,R2=0.645;雄性内江猪的最佳体重预测模型为：BW=2.7+0.884BH+0.477BL+0.260CC,R2=0.777。内江猪体重拟合效果最好的模型是Gompertz模型。以上结果可为内江猪饲养管理和生长发育的相关研究提供一定的理论基础。 相似文献
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本文针对2009年测定指标进行了初步分析,结果表明:大约克仔猪0～28日龄时体重、体长的相对生长速度随着周龄增加逐步变慢;同期相比,体重的相对生长速度要大于体长。育肥猪50～80kg体重阶段日增重较25～50kg及80～100kg两个阶段要大。后备种猪校正达100kg体重日龄、活体背膘厚的大小顺序均为:大约克猪杜洛克猪长白猪。母猪分娩前背膘厚、哺乳期背膘损失与其胎次、繁殖性能存在一定关系。 相似文献
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湘沙猪配套系是由湘潭市家畜育种站等单位经过十多年的持续选育,培育而成的优质瘦肉型猪配套系。湘沙猪配套系由三个专门化品系组成,其中,XS1系以新美系大约克猪为育种素材,XS2系以新美系巴克夏猪为育种素材,XS3系以原产湖南湘潭的地方品种沙子岭猪为育种素材,分别选育配套系终端父本、母系父本和母系母本。湘沙猪配套系结合了引进猪种生长快、瘦肉率高和沙子岭猪产仔多、肉质好的优点。父母代猪腹部以上被毛以黑色为主,四肢大多为白色;母猪繁殖性能好,经产母猪总产仔数12.4头,产活仔数11.9头。商品代猪全身被毛白色,具有体型外貌一致性好、生长较快、瘦肉率较高、肉质佳风味好等综合优势。本文研究了湘沙猪配套系父母代猪、商品代猪从初生至商品代猪达100 kg育肥期间不同日龄体重,利用3种模型拟合生长曲线,以期掌握其生长发育规律,指导生产,提高养殖效益。同时,也为湘沙猪配套系持续选育提供参考。 相似文献
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通过对100头丹系长白公猪30 kg至100 kg的生长测定数据的分析,该阶段的平均日增重为848. 5 g,达100 kg体重时的平均日龄为169. 5 d,其90日龄时的平均体重为32. 3 kg,170日龄时平均体重为100. 8 kg,其中在130日龄时,出现了生长拐点。该阶段数据不能用常规的生长曲线来拟合,只能用线性或可线性化的模型来拟合。 相似文献
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禽大肠杆菌外膜蛋白、脂多糖疫苗的免疫保护试验 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
为探讨禽源性大肠杆菌外膜蛋白 (OMPs)、脂多糖 (L PS)对禽大肠杆菌病的免疫保护作用 ,从禽源性大肠杆菌0 37株提取 OMPs、L PS后 ,分别以含 2、1mg OMPs的油乳剂苗于 2、4周龄时各 2次免疫易感鸡 ,在免疫鸡 5周龄时以 10 8菌落形成单位 (CFU) 0 37株攻毒 ,结果免疫后、临攻毒前 (5周龄 ) 2组鸡的平均体重分别为 0 .96 kg和 0 .87kg,攻毒后 2个组的免疫保护效力分别为 94.74%和 78.95 %;以含 0 .2 5、0 .12 5 mg L PS的油乳剂苗同法免疫后攻毒 ,结果免疫后、临攻毒前其平均体重分别为 1.10 kg和 0 .98kg,免疫效力分别为 36 .84%和 31.5 8%;以含 1.2 5 mg OMPs 0 .12 5 m g L PS的油乳剂苗同法免疫后攻毒 ,该组鸡相应日龄的平均体重为 0 .88kg,免疫效力为 84.2 1%;以含 2 .5× 10 9CFU/ m L 灭活的全菌油乳剂苗免疫后攻毒 ,该组鸡 5周龄时的平均体重为 0 .88kg,免疫保护效力为 78.95 %。上述结果表明 ,OMPs是禽大肠杆菌病的主要免疫保护性抗原 ,而 L PS为次要免疫保护性抗原。 相似文献
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Bexfield NH Heiene R Gerritsen RJ Risøen U Eliassen KA Herrtage ME Michell AR 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2008,22(1):66-73
BACKGROUND: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases in the aging human kidney, but limited data exist in dogs. HYPOTHESIS: There is an effect of age and body size on estimated GFR in healthy dogs. ANIMALS: One hundred and eighteen healthy dogs of various breeds, ages, and body weights presenting to 3 referral centers. METHODS: GFR was estimated in clinically healthy dogs between 1 and 14 years of age. GFR was estimated from the plasma clearance of iohexol, by a compartmental model and an empirical correction formula, normalized to body weight in kilograms or liters of extracellular fluid volume (ECFV). For data analysis, dogs were divided into body weight quartiles 1.8-12.4, 13.2-25.5, 25.7-31.6, and 32.0-70.3 kg. RESULTS: In the complete data set, there was no trend toward lower estimated GFR/kg or GFR/ECFV with increasing age. GFR decreased with age in dogs in the smallest weight quartile only. A significant negative linear relationship was detected between body weight and estimated GFR/kg and GFR/ECFV. Reference ranges in different weight quartiles were 1.54-4.25, 1.29-3.50, 0.95-3.36, and 1.12-3.39 mL/min/kg, respectively. Standardization to ECFV rather than kilogram body weight did not produce substantial changes in the relationships between GFR estimates and age or weight. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Interpretation of GFR results for early diagnosis of renal failure should take into account the weight and the age of the patient for small dogs. 相似文献
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本文旨在评价使用CPM模型改善日粮能氮平衡和提高奶牛生产性能的效果.选择健康、胎次、体重和泌乳阶段相近的2组试验奶牛各28头,组日均产奶量分别为20和25 kg,按配对试验设计要求把试验奶牛分成对照组和试验组,对照组日粮为奶牛场当前的日粮,试验组日粮为应用CPM软件调整后的日粮.试验期为45 d.通过对比饲养试验检验CPM模型在日粮评价和预测奶牛生产性能方面的应用效果.试验结果表明,饲喂调整后日粮的奶牛产奶量、4%标准乳产量、乳尿素氮和血浆尿素氮含量均略高于对照组(P>0.05),试验组I的乳脂率略高于对照组I(P>O.05),二者乳蛋白率相似,试验组Ⅱ的乳脂率、乳蛋白率则略低于对照组Ⅱ(P>0.05);调整后2种日粮成本分别比调整前每天降低2.43元和2.12元.试验同样证明,利用CPM模型预测产奶量与实际产奶量的差距除了对照组I之外,其他处理均在6%之内,预测DMI与实际DMI的差距在5%之内.由此可知,在我国规模化奶牛场应用CPM模型可以起到预测日粮的营养价值、改善日粮的能氮平衡、提高奶牛的生产性能和降低饲养成本的作用.因此,CPM模型在我国奶牛规模化饲养条件下应用是可行的. 相似文献
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凉山半细毛羊育成期生长发育的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
凉山半细毛羊 4月龄公、母羔体重在 2 6kg以上 ,哺乳期内生长迅速 ,一月龄日增重接近 30 0g ,哺乳期内近 2 0 0g。随着年龄增长 ,生长速度逐渐变慢 ,5～ 1 2月龄公、母羔日增重分别降至 80 8g和 5 7 9g。1 5岁时公、母羊体重分别达到 60 4kg和 46 1kg。 2 5岁成年母羊体重 5 4 5kg。 相似文献
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白萨福克羊高原过渡期适应性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以过渡阶段饲养的27只白萨福克羊为研究对象,分析其生理指标、血液生理生化指标、行为学、生长发育、繁殖性能及抗病性等,研究引入的白萨福克羊在向高原过渡饲养阶段的适应性.结果表明：白萨福克羊的生理指标和血液生理生化指标与我国绵羊相比存在一定差异,在正常波动范围内,红细胞平均容积公母羊之间差异显著（P＜0.05）,其他19项指标公母羊间差异不显著（P＞0.05）;公母羔羊初生重分别为（5.33±1.15） kg和（4.88±0.15） kg,初生至3月龄时生长速度较快,3～9月龄时逐步减慢,公母羊成年体重分别为（88.00±6.36）kg和（62.06±6.40） kg;过渡期间白萨福克羊的产羔率为145％,对疾病抵抗力较强.白萨福克羊适应于过渡饲养阶段的环境,为转运至青藏高原地区饲养提供依据. 相似文献
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A M Klide 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》1992,22(2):405-409
Quantitative anesthesia is delivering anesthetic and oxygen in known quantities, the dosage based on calculations for their uptake. The uptake is not linearly related to body weight but is linearly related to body weight raised to a power. The dosage of inhaled anesthetics is calculated by the method of Lowe. The oxygen consumption and cardiac output are estimated by formulas that relate physiologic functions to the body weight in kilograms, raised to a power. 相似文献
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Postweaning growth, puberty, and pregnancy traits were evaluated for 783 F1 heifers sired by Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers bulls and out of Angus and Hereford dams in Cycle IV of the Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center. The Hereford and Angus sires included a sample of bulls born from 1982 to 1985 (1980s HA) as well as reference sires born from 1963 to 1970 (REF HA) used in previous cycles of the GPE program. Breed group of sire had a significant (P<.01) effect on age and weight at puberty, on 200-, 400-, and 550-d weights, on ADG from 200 to 400 and from 400 to 550 d, and 550-d hip height, but it did not influence (P<.05) pregnancy rate. Mean age and weight at puberty were predicted from the cumulative distribution because of censoring of data in each tail of the distribution. Sire breed group rankings (and predicted means in days) for age at puberty were as follows: Piedmontese (332), Shorthorn (338), Charolais (348), REF HA (348), Galloway (351), 1980s HA (352), Salers (355), Longhorn (357), and Nellore (405). Sire breed group rankings (and predicted means in kilograms) for weight at puberty were Longhorn (283), Piedmontese (298), Galloway (305), REF HA (309), Shorthorn (329), 1980s HA (330), Salers (338), Nellore (341), and Charolais (345). Sire breed group rankings (and least squares means in kilograms) for 200-d weight were Charolais (229), Salers (225), Nellore (221), Shorthorn (220), Piedmontese (215), 1980s HA (215), Galloway (209), REF HA (206), and Longhorn (197), with differences >8.3 kg significant. Rankings for 400-d weight (kilograms) were Charolais (390), Shorthorn (384), Salers (380), 1980s HA (374), Nellore (364), REF HA (356), Piedmontese (353), Galloway (348), and Longhorn (321), with differences >11.5 kg significant. Rankings for 550-d weight (kilograms) were Charolais (445), Salers (430), Shorthorn (429), 80's HA (422), Nellore (420), Piedmontese (401), REF HA (398), Galloway (389), and Longhorn (371), with differences >11.7 kg significant. Rankings for 550-d hip height (centimeters) were Nellore (132.2), Charolais (131.9), Salers (129.9), Shorthorn (129.5), Piedmontese (126.7), 1980s HA (126.1), Longhorn (125.3), Galloway (121.7), and REF HA (121.5), with differences >1.35 cm significant. Breed of sire had significant effects on growth and puberty traits of heifers. 相似文献
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Weight, height, and body condition score data supplied by the American Angus Association were used to determine the effect of body condition score on cow weight and to compute condition score adjustment factors. Single records on 11,301 cows for weight and 7,769 cows for height were collected at or near weaning, at which time a subjective condition score (9-point scale) was taken. Limited information on extreme scores 1 and 9 allowed only scores 2 through 8 to be included in the analysis. Cows were grouped into age classes corresponding to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 to 10, and 11+ yr of age. The mathematical model for a weight record included effects of fixed herd, year-month the record was collected, cow age, body condition score, and a random residual error term. The model for height excluded the condition score effect. Effects of herd, year-month, and cow age were highly significant (P less than .0001) for weight and height. Body condition score was a significant source of variation in weight (P less than .0001) and accounted for 16% of the total variation. Adjustment factors for weight (kilograms) by condition score were +116 (score 2), +91 (score 3), +69 (score 4), +39 (score 5), 0 (score 6), -40 (score 7), and -86 (score 8). 相似文献
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1. Growth patterns of male ducks from 4 lines (lines A, B, C and D) selected for market weight were analysed and compared to growth patterns of ducks in the respective line 7 generations earlier. Growth curves were analysed using procedures derived from the Weibull sigmoidal function and the linear-linear relative growth rate model and simple allometry. 2. The ducks were fed ad libitum under 24-h lighting throughout the experiment. At weekly intervals from the time of hatch through 70 d of age, 16 ducks from each line were killed to determine body, carcase, breast-muscle, leg and thigh-muscle, and abdominal fat weights. 3. Line A was the heaviest line, followed by line B, line C and line D. However, body weight, carcase weight and breast-muscle weight at 49 d of age were not significantly different between lines A and B. After 7 generations of selection, the breast-muscle yield was increased to >19% and the abdominal fat percent was reduced to <1.4% in all lines. 4. The Weibull growth curve analysis of body weight showed an increase in the asymptotes during selection, while the age of the inflection point remained constant in all lines (21.3 to 26.0 d). For breast-muscle growth, ducks reached the inflection point 12.8 to 14.3 d later than for body weight. Between line A and line B, asymptotes for body weight, asymptotes for breast-muscle weight and allometric growth coefficients of breast muscle and leg and thigh muscles from 14 to 49 d were not significantly different. 5. The relative growth rate model discriminated body and breast-muscle growth patterns of line A and line B. The initial decline in the relative body growth rate was less and the time to reach the transition was longer in line A than line B. On the other hand, the initial decline in the relative breast-muscle growth rate was greater in line A than line B. 相似文献
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试验对萨福克羔羊0~65日龄生长发育规律进行了分析,旨在完善肉羊的生长发育规律研究,为萨福克羔羊0~65日龄的饲养管理及营养水平提供理论依据。试验于新疆华兴牧场惠康畜牧种羊繁育基地进行,供体母羊为纯种萨福克羊,受体母羊为哈萨克羊,并对出生的萨福克羔羊进行体尺、体重测量和记录,将数据输入Excel表格进行整理,并通过SPSS 16.0软件分析各性状平均值和各个体尺指标与体重平均值的相关性。结果表明,0~30日龄萨福克羊生长发育速度相对较快,公羔臀宽与体重的相关系数为0.989;管围与体重的相关系数为0.638;母羔臀宽与体重的相关系数为0.981,管围与体重的相关系数为0.654。0~30日龄萨福克羊公羔各性状的生长发育比母羔快,45~65日龄生长速度一致。羔羊0~15日龄体高、体长、胸围和体重等生长速度最快,而30~65日龄体高、体长、体重等部位生长速度较平稳;由体尺、体重相关性分析可知,臀宽与体重相关系数最大,管围和体重相关系数最小。由研究可知,0~30日龄营养要求关键,公羔与母羔的生长发育无明显差异,欲提高羔羊的生长发育速度则要注意羔羊各年龄阶段的生长发育规律,合理提供营养并提高饲料质量与管理水平。今后对萨福克羔羊的饲料管理中应该注重不同时期的饲养配方,合理改善饲养环境,使其发挥最大生长潜能。 相似文献