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《植物保护》2001,(6)
虫 害都兰地区青稞、春小麦上麦水蝇的发生及防治 ………陈志国 ,郜和臣 ,吴昆仑 ,等 (2 - 2 4)……………………不同小麦品种 (系 )对小麦吸浆虫田间抗性鉴定 ………李素娟 ,刘爱芝 ,武予清 ,等 (3- 19)……………………两种麦蚜对杀虫剂的敏感性测定 ………………………刘爱芝 ,茹桃勤 ,王晓军 ,等 (5 - 2 0 )……………………粘虫半人工饲料的初步研究 ……………………………朱丽梅 ,倪玉萍 ,黄春霞 ,等 (6 - 2 7)……………………稻象甲发生危害及防治王德好 (1- 2 3)……………………1998～ 1999年六 (4 )代稻纵卷叶螟重… 相似文献
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几内亚比绍芒果遭受实蝇的严重危害,以入侵果实蝇为优势种。本文介绍了几内亚比绍的入侵果实蝇的发生危害特点及综合防治对策。 相似文献
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大豆潜根蝇在丹东地区发生危害大豆潜根蝇Ｏｐｈｉｏｍｙｉａｓｈｉｂａｔｓｕｊｉ（Ｋａｔｏ）又名豆根蛇潜蝇、大豆根蛆，属双翅目潜蝇科。国内黑龙江、吉林、河北及山东等省都有发生，是我国北方新发生的一种重要大豆害虫。１９９２－１９９３年，笔者在丹东地区调查大... 相似文献
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闽东山区稻秆潜蝇发生规律及防治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
稻秆潜蝇(chlorops oryzaeMatsumura)又称稻秆蝇,稻钻心蝇,双尾虫,属双翅目,黄潜蝇科,是我县山区单季稻的主要害虫,近年来危害呈上升趋势,每年发生面积6660hm2,占水稻播种面积58.8%,每年造成粮食损失2000t以上。为了摸清闽东山区稻秆潜蝇发生规律,控制稻秆潜蝇的发生为害,确保水稻增产。笔者于2002~2006年对稻秆潜蝇的发生及防治技术进行了系统调查研究。1发生规律1.1年生活史稻秆潜蝇在南屏县1年发生3代,其中水稻上发生2代,以幼虫在田边禾本科杂草上越冬,越冬幼虫3月下旬至4月上旬化蛹,第1代成虫于4月下旬、5月初陆续迁入单季稻秧田产卵,4… 相似文献
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稻茎毛眼水蝇ＨｙｄｒｅｌｌｉａｓａｓａｋｉｉＹｕａｓａｅｔＩｓｉｔａｎｉ,俗名黑稻秆蝇 ,属双翅目 ,水蝇科 ,毛眼水蝇属。国内主要分布在湖北省荆州等地。福建省三明市 2 0世纪 80年代以来就普遍发生 ,尤溪等十多个县市区均有分布。其中仅发生严重的 1 985年统计 ,全市就发生 2万ｈｍ2 ,占双季晚稻面积的四分之一 ,遍及全市 50多个乡镇。近年来 ,在尤溪等县有猖獗发生和危害上升的趋势。本文就稻茎毛眼水蝇的发生与防治进行了研究 ,现报道如下。1 发生及为害情况稻茎毛眼水蝇在福建三明市一年发生七代。以幼虫在沟边、田边游草 (李氏… 相似文献
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Judith A. Turner Tracey Chantry Moray C. Taylor Marc C. Kennedy 《Plant pathology》2021,70(8):1759-1778
In continuation of the annual national surveys of winter wheat, which began in 1970, samples from between 250 and 350 randomly selected wheat crops in England and Wales between 1999 to 2019 were visually assessed for disease symptoms during the milky ripe development stages (GS 73–75). Septoria tritici blotch was the most prevalent and severe foliar disease each year, although annual levels fluctuated considerably and there was no overall significant change over the two decades. Incidence of brown rust, yellow rust, take-all, and barley yellow dwarf virus also showed no significant overall change during the survey period, whereas glume blotch, powdery mildew, eyespot, and sharp eyespot all showed significant decline. Fusarium ear blight has significantly increased in both incidence and severity, causing a serious epidemic in 2012, when 96% of crops were affected. Tan spot has been the third most prevalent foliar disease since 2009 although severity is still very low. Regional disease levels were consistent over the two decades, providing reliable baselines to measure changes in seasonal disease severity. There were significant changes in agronomic practice with a rise to predominance of minimum tillage over the use of ploughing, decreases in overall disease susceptibility of cultivars grown, a major increase in the use of oilseed rape in the rotation and a long-term trend towards earlier sowing. Fungicide use increased considerably, with over 98% crops sprayed and an average of 3.5 applications made per crop each year since 2014. Implications of changes over the last 21 years are discussed. 相似文献
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采用高效液相色谱和气相色谱法,分别研究了吡虫啉和百菌清在薄膜大棚设施内外葫芦叶和黄瓜中消解动态及其在葫芦和黄瓜中的残留量,并结合气象因子对产生残留差异的原因进行了分析。样品中的吡虫啉经乙腈和盐酸溶液提取,中性氧化铝和弗罗里硅土层析柱净化后,用高效液相色谱检测;百菌清经乙腈提取,中性氧化铝层析柱净化后,用气相色谱检测。结果表明:吡虫啉在设施内外葫芦叶和黄瓜中均消解迅速,施药7 d后,其在设施内外葫芦叶上的消解率分别为90.4%和98.7%,在黄瓜中的消解率分别为67.8%和85.9%;而百菌清在葫芦叶上的消解速率均比在黄瓜中的稍慢,施药7 d后其在设施内外葫芦叶上的消解率分别为15.4%和38.1%,在黄瓜中的消解率分别为87.8%和91.5%。表明2种农药在设施外2种蔬菜上的消解速率均快于设施内的。两种农药均是在设施外葫芦及黄瓜中的残留量低于设施内的,而降雨和光照强度可能是引起农药在设施内外蔬菜上残留差异的主要因子。 相似文献
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中国的沙暴、尘暴及其防治 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：13
沙尘暴在进入 90年代以来有进一步加剧趋势 ,其原因在于此期我国西北地区气候干暖化态势明显 ,人类超负荷开发资源加剧 ,从而导致沙尘暴的频繁发生 ,但总体上仍属于正常的灾害现象。我国沙暴只能发生于干旱半干旱区 ,尘暴则可波及半湿润与湿润区 ,由此而论 ,北京的沙尘暴属于尘暴范畴 ,北京不会形成沙漠区。防治沙尘暴必须采取水、土、植被综合防治措施 ,基本对策是 :1 .搞好流域为单元的水土资源合理利用规划 ,进行水土保持综合防治 ;2 .增加地表植被复盖 ,搞好防护林体系建设 ;3 .减轻土地利用强度 ,恢复提高土地抗蚀能力 ;4.加强管理体系建设 ,依法建设生态环境。建议国家设立水土保持为主要职能的生态环境建设委员会 ,统一协调布署我国的生态环境建设工作。 相似文献
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借助观测资料与FNL全球分析资料，对比研究2017年与2014年西安高温天气基本特征与有利环流形势，结果表明：① 2 a西安均发生了40 ℃以上的长时间持续高温天气，其中2014年属于常规高温年份，而2017年西安高温则提前1个月发生，高温的提前发生主要是因为南亚高压强于正常年份同期强度；② 不同于我国南方地区的闷湿高温，西安高温属于干性高温，且昼夜温差较小，由此造成24 h对人体的不适；③ 详细描述了西安高温发生的典型环流特征，即南亚高压与西太平洋副热带高压（简称副高）同时增强，并在对流层中高层相互贯通；④
南亚高压是影响我国西北地区的主要热源基地，在较大经向度的有利环流背景下，强风速可将热气团向南向东深度输送至下游地区（即西安）；⑤ 在“上辐合、下辐散”的散度场配置下，西安500 hPa以下高空维持明显的下沉气流，加之有利的局部要素相配合，最终造成该地区高温天气的发生。 相似文献
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Fireblight in Hawthorn in England and Denmark 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
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The relative pathogenicity of isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina was comparable both on sunflower tissue cultures and on mature plants and seedlings. The relative susceptibility of the different sunflower lines in vitro showed a similar pattern for cotyledon callus cultures, but not for immature embryo cultures. Although these protocols appear to be unsuitable for the selection of novel disease resistance, they do offer the potential for a rapid, non-destructive screen for resistant material. 相似文献
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There are many possible ways to improve the economic crisis in Thailand, and it is agreed that development of agricultural production is ideal for improving the economic situation in an agricultural country such as Thailand. A strategic plan for agricultural and agro‐industry research is included in the national research agenda and can be classified into nine groups covering different research areas. Most research is based on the agricultural production of four main product groups: (i) crops; (ii) aquatic animals/plants and fisheries products; (iii) poultry, livestock and animal products; and (iv) forest resources. Trends in research and development in weed management for crop production will continue to support the food demands and the development of efficient production of quality products. 相似文献
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Milk, hay and silage produced in orchard and non-orchard areas have been analysed for their content of chlorinated pesticides. The residue levels in milk produced in orchard areas were about double those in milk produced in non-orchard areas. The levels in hay were much higher (30% up to sevenfold) in the hay produced in orchard areas and the levels in silage from the two areas showed small differences. Milk collected after cattle had been grazing in an orchard for 3 to 4 days contained 10% more pp′-DDT and 2-, 3-, 7- and 15-fold morepp′-DDE, pp′-TDE and heptachlor epoxide, gamma-BHC and pp′-TDE olefin [1-chloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene], respectively, than did the samples collected one day before the cattle grazed in the orchard. 相似文献
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根据北京地区历史时期旱灾资料,利用数学统计方法中的参数区间估计研究了明清时期该地区旱灾的差异和气候的不同。结果表明：在北京地区明代（1368-1643年）276年内,共发生旱灾166次,平均1.66年发生1次;轻度旱灾47次,中度旱灾56次,大旱灾55次,特大旱灾8次。在清代（1644-1912年）的269年里,共发生... 相似文献