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《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2012,(1)
试验选取20头刚出生的牦黄杂交F2代犊牛(10头公犊,10头母犊)进行育肥,测定其各生长阶段的体重和日增重指标。3月龄公犊体重32.40±3.00kg,母犊体重34.55±8.50kg,差异不显著(p0.05);6月龄公犊体重67.70±9.50kg,母犊体重62.85±11.75kg,公犊平均体重明显高于母犊(p0.05)。初生至6月龄,公犊平均日增重0.29㎏,母犊平均日增重0.25㎏,但在4～5月龄公犊日增重445±116g,母犊日增重278±87g,公犊的生长速度极显著高于母犊(p0.01)。 相似文献
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为探索限饲模式下宁乡花猪商品猪生长肥育性能以适应品牌猪肉具备风味性、安全性需要,在初生重(0.98±0.02)kg饲养(99.69±2.48)d的基础上,相应于25~35 kg、35~60 kg、60~75 kg等3个体重阶段,采用精料重分别占90%、80%、70%,青料重分别占10%、20%、30%配制饲粮,并按8.5成饱模式饲喂。结果表明:1)试猪由体重(24.79±0.64)kg饲养至出栏日龄(243.77±2.67)d、出栏体重(78.22±1.76)kg,该生长肥育全程(144.03±0.23)d、日增重(370.50±9.50)g、料重比(3.51±0.03),充分体现出限饲模式可行性;2)在≤240 d、240~260 d、>260 d的日龄梯级下分别以初生重(1.02±0.02)kg、(0.94±0.04)kg、(0.99±0.08)kg所求取的日增体重百分率曲线与日龄梯级呈负相关态势,显现日龄低梯级明显优于高梯级,反映出生长强度与日龄负相关的必然性;3)自起运至屠宰分别间隔5 h、29 h的胴体率、白条率的相差值达5.04和5.05个百分点,屠宰间隔直接造成胴体损失。 相似文献
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肉牛肥育是科学应用饲料和管理技术,以尽可能少的饲料消耗获得尽可能高的日增重,提高出栏率,生产出大量优质牛肉。随着各地养牛业的发展,肉牛养殖小区及规模育肥场数量不断增加,养殖户对肉牛肥育技术越来越关注,下面介绍肉牛肥育的两种方法——持续肥育法和后期集中肥育法,希望对广大养牛的农民朋友有所帮助。1持续肥育法持续肥育法是指犊牛断奶后,立即转入肥育阶段进行肥育,一直到出栏(12～18月龄,体重400～450千克)。使用这种方法,日粮中的精料大约可占总营养物质的50%以上。持续肥育由于在饲料利用率较高的生长阶段保持较高的增重,加上饲… 相似文献
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通过饲养试验和屠宰试验,研究了甜菜碱作为能量调节剂在双低菜粕型生长肥育猪日粮中的作用效果。试验选用体重30kg左右杜长大商品猪80头,按体重、性别、出生日龄相对一致的原则随机分成5组,每组16头,公母各半,分单栏饲养。以玉米-豆粕日粮为正对照组,即试验1组(30～60kg阶段DE为13.91MJ/kg;60～100kg阶段DE为13.79MJ/kg),用不同比例的双低菜粕(30～60kg阶段:10%、12.5%;60～100kg阶段:15.5%、16%)等氮替代正对照组日粮中的豆粕,使日粮消化能值分别比正对照组降低418kJ/kg和627kJ/kg,从而形成负对照组1组(第2组)和负对照组2组(第4组),在2个负对照日粮中分别添加0.1%甜菜碱,形成第3组和第5组。体重达到100kg体重时每组随机选取4头猪(2公、2母)进行屠宰测定。试验结果表明,第2组、第4组与正对照组之间胴体背膘厚、瘦肉率没有显著差异(P>0.05),而第3组、第5组与第1组相比显著降低了胴体背膘厚(P<0.05);与能值降低418kJ/kg的组相比,降低背膘厚这种效果在能值降低627kJ/kg的组中更加明显。说明甜菜碱可以作为能量调节剂来改善双低菜粕型低能值日粮的应用效果。 相似文献
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通过对2组奶公犊进行饲养管理试验,分析养殖成本,探讨促进奶公犊生长发育和成活利用率的方法.结果表明:合理的饲养管理对犊牛的生长发育有积极的促进作用.试验Ⅰ组60日龄平均生长发育性能为:体重(76.0±11.8)kg,日增重(0.67±0.05)kg,胸围(94.0±3.0)cm,体高(83.6±2.6)cm:试验Ⅱ组60日龄平均生长发育性能为:体重(87.4±5.7)kg,日增重(0.84±0.07)kg,胸围(102.8±5.8)cm,体高(87.9±1.9)cm.犊牛的培育费用为(仅以精料和生奶计算):试验Ⅰ组大约为390.00元/头,试验Ⅱ组大约为580.00元/头.通过对2组的分析,试验Ⅰ组犊牛每头成本比试验Ⅱ组平均减少了190.00元.试验Ⅰ组犊牛的生长发育良好,饲养方案及日粮并没有影晌犊牛的正常生长发育. 相似文献
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为探讨提高生长育肥猪生产成绩的饲养方法 ,我们采用四阶段饲养法进行了两种营养水平饲养生长肥育猪的对比试验。1 材料与方法选同一天出生、同期断奶 (2 6日龄 )、体重相近的杜×长×大三元杂交仔猪 5 6头 ,公母各半 ,每圈 4头(两公两母 )饲养于双列、带走廊、水泥地面的同一 相似文献
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Othman Alqaisi Haytham Ali Mohammad Al-Abri Eugene H. Johnson Waleed Al-Marzooqi 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13547
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding high and low concentrate diets on feed intake and feed efficiency, the morphological characteristics of the rumen papillae, and meat quality of Holstein steers fattened under hot climate conditions in Oman. Ten male Holstein calves, of 5 months of age, were selected for the experiment. The animals were fed concentrate and Rhodes grass hay and were divided into two groups of high concentrate (HC, n = 5) and low concentrate diets (LC, n = 5), in which their feed intake, weight gain, and feed efficiency were evaluated across three growing periods. Feed intake and efficiency and average daily gain (ADG) of the HC group were significantly greater than for the LC group and were affected by the diet (p < .01) and the period (p < .001). Across the fattening periods, ADG declined in both groups, with ADG improved by 35% for steers on the HC diet compared to steers on the LC diet. Carcass meat quality was not affected significantly by the dietary concentrate level. In conclusion, our results can be used to make improvements in feed efficiency of Holstein steers under hot climate conditions. 相似文献
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断奶犊牛补饲配合精料配方筛选 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
[目的]为了筛选出适合攀枝花市地区断奶犊牛补饲配合日粮营养配方。[方法]选1.5~3月龄、体重100~180 kg的西本杂犊牛共32头,随机分为4组,开展断奶犊牛补饲配合精料配方筛选试验。[结果]经90 d的育肥,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组头均增重分别为40.63 kg、试验46.38 kg、46.5 kg和47.63 kg。日增重Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组较I组分别提高14.16%、14.47%、17.24%;Ⅲ、Ⅳ组较Ⅱ组分别提高0.27%、2.70%;Ⅳ组较Ⅲ组提高2.42%,组间差异均不显著（P〉0.05）。从经济效益看,I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、组头均纯收入分别为102.6元、219.44元、174.63元、140.02元,Ⅱ组较I组提高113.88%、较Ⅲ组提高25.66%、较Ⅳ组提高56.72%,Ⅱ组的经济效益高于其它组。[结论]试验结果表明,Ⅱ号配方是断奶西杂犊牛较为理想的补饲配合精料配方。 相似文献
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为了给南方湿热气候地带肉牛的育肥提供参考,文章从肉牛育肥生产的4个重要环节论述了如何选择开始育肥的时间、育肥的期限、架子牛的始重和育肥饲料,以提高在南方(尤其是岭南地带)肉牛育肥的生产效益。建议在岭南湿热地带育肥肉牛开始时间以10月下旬或11—12月份较佳;育肥架子牛年龄、体重应尽量接近,周岁以上犊牛年龄相差以不超过2～3个月为宜,体重差异应控制在1个标准差以内;育肥模式可选择秋末、冬春的非热季节3～6个月短期育肥、从第1年的1月底或2月初开始的跨年度12个月育肥和从第1年秋末开始的跨3个年度的18～24月的长期育肥3种育肥模式;育肥饲料应按照育肥阶段提前准备,渐进式地更换饲料品种类型和数量;并从牛的种质、驱虫防病、每日最佳投料时间和确定产品适时上市等方面提出了持续增加育肥生产效益的可选择环节。 相似文献
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为研究代乳粉(主要含乳类制品)液态饲喂和代乳料(主要含植物类饲料等)干喂对荷斯坦奶公犊生产犊牛白肉的影响,试验选用20头健康无病、体重和出生日期相近的荷斯坦奶公犊,随机分为2组,每组10头,进行了120 d的生长育肥试验。Ⅰ组饲喂市售的代乳粉(粗蛋白质22%,粗脂肪16%);Ⅱ组饲喂配制的代乳料(粗蛋白质22%,消化能16 MJ/kg)。结果表明:①Ⅱ组犊牛0~90 d平均日增重高于Ⅰ组犊牛,91~120 d平均日增重显著低于Ⅰ组犊牛(P< 0.05),但两组犊牛0~120 d平均日增重和试验末重均无显著差异(P> 0.05)。②不同代乳品及饲喂方式对奶公犊营养物质表观消化率均无显著影响(P> 0.05)。③Ⅰ组犊牛的胴体重、屠宰率和眼肌面积均显著高于Ⅱ组犊牛(P< 0.05),分别比Ⅱ组高11.88%、11.04%和8.12%,但两组间的胴体产肉率无显著差异(P> 0.05);两组犊牛背最长肌的pH、剪切力、蒸煮损失和肉色均无显著差异(P> 0.05),但Ⅰ组犊牛的失水率比Ⅱ组犊牛高20.83%(P< 0.01);Ⅰ组犊牛背最长肌中粗脂肪含量极显著高于Ⅱ组犊牛(P< 0.01),但两组犊牛背最长肌中水分、粗蛋白质、粗灰分、钙、磷和铁的含量均无显著差异(P> 0.05)。④Ⅱ组犊牛的饲养成本比Ⅰ组降低45.38%。综上所述,饲喂代乳料的犊牛可获得与饲喂代乳粉犊牛相似的生长性能和肉品质,显著降低饲养成本。 相似文献
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WANG Xiao-ling LI Qiu-feng CAO Yu-feng GAO Yan-xia YU Chun-qi DU Liu-liu LI Xiao-meng LI Jian-guo 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(8):2020-2027
The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of production of white veal with Holstein bull calves fed on the liquid milk replacer (containing mainly dairy products) feeding and the dry milk replacer (containing mainly plant diet, etc)feeding.20 healthy male calves with similar birth date and body weight were selected, and randomly divided into two groups (10 calves per group), for a period of 120 d white beef production fattening test.GroupⅠfed with milk replacer (commercial, 22% CP, 16% EE), groupⅡ fed with milk replacer (formulated, 22% CP, 16 MJ/kg DE).The results showed as follows:① 0 to 90 d ADG of group Ⅱ were higher than groupⅠ, 91 to 120 d ADG of group Ⅱ were significantly lower than groupⅠ (P< 0.05), but there were no significant differences in 0 to 120 d ADG and 120 d weight between two groups (P> 0.05).② There were no significant differences in the nutrient apparent digestibility of Holstein bull calves with different milk replacer and feeding methods (P> 0.05).③ Carcass weight, dressing percentage and eye muscle area of groupⅠcalves were significantly higher than those of group Ⅱ (P< 0.05), increased by 11.88%, 11.04% and 8.12%, respectively, but there was no significant difference in carcass meat production rate between two groups (P> 0.05).There was no significant differences in pH, shear force, cooking lose and meat color of longissimus between two groups (P> 0.05), but compared with group Ⅱ, the water lose rate of groupⅠincreased by 20.83% (P< 0.01).The content of EE of groupⅠwas significantly higher than group Ⅱ (P< 0.01), but there were no significant differences in the contents of moisture, CP, Ash, Ca, P and Fe of longissimus between two groups (P> 0.05).④Compared with groupⅠ, the feed cost of group Ⅱ was reduced by 45.38%.In summary, the growth performance and meat quality of two groups calves were similar, feeding cost was reduced significantly. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究不同营养水平日粮对荷斯坦奶公牛育肥效果的影响。选择4月龄左右、平均体重128 kg的健康中国荷斯坦奶公牛48头,随机分成2组,每组24头。Ⅰ组饲喂低营养水平日粮(低能量、低蛋白质),Ⅱ组饲喂高营养水平日粮(高能量、高蛋白质)。预试期7 d,正试期245 d。结果表明,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组平均日增重极显著提高6.36% (P<0.01),料重比降低6.55%。随着日粮营养水平的提高,奶公牛粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、钙、磷的表观消化率随之升高,但均未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组血清中葡萄糖、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、生长激素含量分别显著提高12.52%、12.85%、9.68%、13.24%(P<0.05),而尿素氮含量显著降低10.98%(P<0.05)。与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ组养殖效益多收入1.37元/(头·d),全期效益多收入335.65元/头。综上所述,提高日粮营养水平,可提高奶公牛的育肥性能和经济效益。 相似文献
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LI Xiao-meng LI Qiu-feng CAO Yu-feng YU Chun-qi LI Jian-guo GAO Yan-xia 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(7):1705-1710
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different dietary nutrition levels on fattening effect of Holstein bulls.48 4-month-old Holstein bulls with an average body weight of 128 kg were allocated into two groups,group Ⅰ was fed a low nutrition level diet,group Ⅱ was fed a high nutrition level diet.Each group had 24 Holstein bulls.The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and the trial period lasted for 245 days.The results showed that compared with group Ⅰ,the ADG in group Ⅱ was significantly increased by 6.36% (P<0.01),while the F/G in group Ⅱ was decreased by 6.55%.With the increasing of dietary nutrition levels,the apparent digestibility of CP,EE,NDF,ADF,Ca and P were rising,but there was no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05).Compared with group Ⅰ,the serum GLU,AST,ALT and GH contents in group Ⅱ were increased by 12.52%,12.85%,9.68% and 13.24% (P<0.05),respectively,while the serum BUN content in group Ⅱ was decreased by 10.98% (P<0.05).Compared with group Ⅰ,the feeding profits of group Ⅱ increased by 1.37 yuan/(head·day),the total economic benefit of group Ⅱ increased by 335.65 yuan/head.In conclusion,the improvement of dietary nutrition levels could improve the fattening performance and the economic benefit of Holstein bulls. 相似文献
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[目的]为了探索在育肥条件下高寒牧区牦牛犊的生长发育情况,促使牦牛犊商品化,实施牦牛高效饲养技术与适时出栏技术相结合,改变本地区传统饲养模式,促进牦牛业向效益型畜牧业转变,为今后普及牦牛犊舍饲育肥,提供可靠数据和标准化饲养管理技术。[方法]于2012年12月~2013年5月,在贵南县开展了断乳牦牛犊舍饲育肥及生长发育效果观测试验。[结果]显示育肥牦牛犊的体高、体斜长、胸围、管围、体重分别达到了86.19cm、94.07cm、113.50cm、12.10cm、91.63kg与对照组相比差异均显著(P0.05)。[结论]对断乳牦牛犊进行舍饲育肥是牧区加快牦牛出栏、调整牛群结构、增加牧民收入的好方法。 相似文献
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[目的]通过比较2种不同配合料饲喂育肥猪的饲养效果和效益情况,筛选出适合试验猪场生产所需的饲料品种。[方法]选择体重在（47.3±2.5）kg的洋三元猪40头作为试验对象,将其分为2组,并分别饲喂2种配合料55 d,当体重达到90 kg左右后,对其生长性能进行对比分析。[结果]在试验阶段结束后,大北农饲料组的实验猪在头均末重和头均总增重上分别极显著高于金格力饲料组11.29%和16.32%（P〈0.01）,但其料肉比却极显著低于金格力饲料组13.64%（P〈0.01）。[结论]综合以上因素,并从养殖场的经济效益出发,可以认为大北农公司的配合料更适合推广应用。 相似文献