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珍珠龙胆石斑鱼、斑石雕鱼工厂化养殖成功 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《河北渔业》2015,(11)
<正>唐山市曹妃甸区会达水产养殖有限公司于2014年8月引进7~8cm的珍珠龙胆石斑鱼12 000尾、斑石鲷3 500尾。经过一年的养殖,成活率98%,斑石鲷平均体长17cm,体重400g;珍珠龙胆石斑鱼平均体长25cm,体重750g,目前开始上市销售。珍珠龙胆石斑鱼,又称老虎斑或珍珠斑,是人工培育的龙胆石斑和老虎斑的杂交种,集父本龙胆石斑鱼生长速度快和母本老虎斑的肉质细腻、抗病能力强等优点于一身,其主要特点:一是生长速度快,养殖10月体重就能达到1kg,养殖两年可达到3kg。二是适应环境能力强。适 相似文献
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循环水高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼效果研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究循环水高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼[Epinephelus lanceolatu(♂)×Epinephelus fuscoguttatus(♀)]的养殖效果,在自行研制的循环水养殖系统中进行了试验。试验中对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长指标及养殖系统主要水质指标进行分析测定。结果显示,养殖期间的水质指标:水温26~29℃,盐度25~30,溶氧(DO)≥8 mg/L,氨氮浓度0.20~1.16 mg/L,亚硝酸盐氮0.05~0.40 mg/L。试验共持续250 d,分3个生长阶段:第1阶段87 d,密度由13.82 kg/m3增加到28.89 kg/m3,存活率95.28%,平均体重由(150±18)g增加到(329±42)g,特定生长率(SGR)为(0.90±0.06)%;第2阶段106 d,密度由28.89 kg/m3增加到53.36 kg/m3,存活率90.44%,平均体重由(329±42)g增加到(672±66)g,SGR为(0.67±0.02)%;第3阶段57 d,密度由46.98 kg/m3增加到69.50 kg/m3,存活率98.6%,平均体重由(676±52)g增加到(1 014±75)g,SGR为(0.71±0.02)%。养殖期间的平均SGR为(0.76±0.02)%,总存活率84.9%,饲料系数1.04,投入产出比为1∶2.02。本研究成果可为高密度养殖珍珠龙胆石斑鱼提供参考。 相似文献
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龙胆石斑是石斑鱼类中体型最大的种类,属于暖水性鱼类,分布于印度—太平洋区,西起非洲东岸、红海,北至日本南部,南至澳洲西北海域均有出产。最早在我国台湾开始人工养殖,广东、福建、海南也已有十几年的养殖历史,笔者于2010年将龙胆石斑引进广西进行池塘养殖,取得了较好的养殖效果,现将养殖技术要点总结如下。一、放养前的准备工作1.整池养殖龙胆石斑的池塘结构与一般鱼池相似,大小以2～3亩为最佳,既符合鱼对活动空间、水体更换 相似文献
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对青石斑鱼(Epinephelus awoara)海水池塘网箱养殖模式的可行性、养殖操作技术进行了研究。在天津市汉沽神堂育苗养殖有限公司于2013年8月13日至2013年10月10日进行57d的养殖试验,利用自行研制的模块化钢结构平底网箱养成青石斑鱼。结果表明,该模式养殖的青石斑鱼生长快、养殖周期短、成本低,而且该模式操作简单、节约能源,无任何疾病和异常现象,摄食积极,生长良好。57d内体长增长约1.47cm,体重增加220g,比同期工厂化养殖青石斑鱼增重量提高29.4%,成活率达95.6%,说明青石斑适合海水池塘网箱养殖模式。 相似文献
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龙胆石斑鲈人工育苗仔鱼开口及前期饵料转换技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
龙胆石斑鲈,学名宽额鲈(Epinephelus Lanceolatus),属鲈形目,鮨科,石斑鱼属,是已知石斑鱼类中体型最大的一种。该鱼为新兴高档石斑鱼类养殖品种,其生长速度快,养殖两年可达3kg～6kg,上市规格越大价格越高。人工养殖在台湾得到迅猛发展,广东、福建等南方沿海地区亦开始引进养殖。我国不是龙胆石斑的天然苗种主要产区,人工育苗成为养殖苗种的重要来 相似文献
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封闭式循环水饲养青石斑鱼试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在封闭式循环水养殖系统中以全人工配合饲料制成软颗粒饲料投喂青石斑鱼幼鱼,经过33d的饲养,青石斑鱼尾相对增重率为64.6%,平均饲料系数为1.81,养殖成活率95.89%,平均丰满度为1.66。封闭式循环水养殖系统的养殖排出水回收率达到85%以上,养殖单产、饲料效率、生长速度都达到了生产要求。 相似文献
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为了有效突破我国北方海域冬季网箱养殖品种少和产业发展缓慢的局面,通过陆海接力养殖模式,开展了云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara)的网箱陆海接力养殖试验。结果显示:在莱州明波网箱基地选用的平均个体重量225 g的大规格云纹石斑鱼鱼苗,经过2个月的网箱接力养殖,个体平均重量达到350 g,平均单尾月增重62.5 g,成活率92.02%;在连云港众利网箱基地选用的个体平均重量152 g大规格云纹石斑鱼,经过4个月的网箱接力养殖,个体平均重量增加到425 g,平均单尾月增重68.25 g,养殖成活率达96.00%。石斑鱼的网箱养殖与工厂化循环水养殖相比,平均月增重速度提高54.6%～68.9%。 相似文献
11.
两种杂交石斑鱼子一代杂种优势的微卫星标记分析 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
使用6对微卫星引物对两种杂交子一代(青龙斑和虎龙斑)及其亲本(斜带石斑鱼、棕点石斑鱼和鞍带石斑鱼)共5个群体进行微卫星分析,计算等位基因频率、有效等位基因数、基因杂合度、多态信息含量、相似指数和Nei氏遗传距离。结果显示,在5种石斑鱼中,棕点石斑鱼的平均有效等位基因数最大(6.849 3),最小的是鞍带石斑鱼(2.608 6)。6对微卫星引物在这5个群体中具有丰富的多态性,平均多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.666 7、0.751 3、0.441 9、0.664 0、0.542 6。在平均观测杂合度(Ho)中,虎龙斑和青龙斑的最高均为0.940 0,鞍带石斑鱼的最低为0.508 3。遗传距离和遗传相似率结果显示,青龙斑和虎龙斑均与父本鞍带石斑鱼的亲缘关系较近。杂交子一代群体的等位基因基本来自父母本群体双方,可推断杂交子一代的遗传物质来自父母双方,属两性融合生殖,是真正意义上的杂交种。杂交后代的遗传变异水平明显增强,这是杂种优势得以形成的重要遗传物质基础。 相似文献
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5种石斑鱼遗传差异的RAPD分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
运用随机扩增多态性DNA（random amplified polymorphic DNA,RAPD）技术对鞍带石斑鱼（Epinephelus lanceolatus）、驼背鲈（Cromileptes altivelis）、棕点石斑鱼（E.fuscoguttatus）、斜带石斑鱼（E.coioides）和鲑点石斑鱼（E.fario）的遗传多样性及系统发生进行了研究。从120个RAPD随机引物中筛选出扩增效果好的引物19个,分别用于5种石斑鱼基因组DNA的扩增。结果显示,5种石斑鱼平均多态性位点比率（P）分别为64.23%,72.61%,60.34%,69.97%,73.94%;个体间平均遗传相似系数（S）分别为0.8238,0.8110,0.8345,0.8277,0.8064;平均遗传距离（D）分别为0.1762,0.1890,0.1655,0.1723,0.1936;平均Nei基因多样性指数（H）分别为0.1189,0.1364,0.1028,0.1439,0.1648;平均Shannon信息指数（Hi）分别为0.1801,0.1992,0.1530,0.2100,0.2434。5个种间的遗传距离（Dxy）在0.3964～0.6085之间。 相似文献
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利用实验生态学方法研究了温度和盐度(S)对体质量为(98.8±4.3)g龙虎斑(棕点石斑鱼♀×鞍带石斑鱼♂)的呼吸和排泄影响。结果表明,不同温度和S对龙虎斑的耗氧率(RO)和排氨率(RN)有显著影响(P0.05)。在水温15-35℃范围内,龙虎斑的RO随着温度的升高而升高,在35℃时达到最大值,为(0.228±0.011)mg/(g·h),但RN随着温度的升高先升高后降低,在30℃时达到最大值,为(3.985±0.094)μg/(g·h)。S为5-35时,龙虎斑的RN随着S的升高而降低,其关系式为RN=3.689e-0.067S(R2=0.963);在S处于5-15和25-35范围内,RO随S升高而下降,但S在15-25范围时,RO则随S升高而升高。在S为28,水温15-35℃范围内,龙虎斑代谢的O∶N范围为44.416-73.667;在水温28℃,S为5-35时,O∶N值为59.577-275.034。 相似文献
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Effects of fishmeal replacement by Tenebrio molitor meal on growth performance,antioxidant enzyme activities and disease resistance of the juvenile pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀) 
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下载免费PDF全文 Shou‐Gang Song Shu‐Yan Chi Bei‐Ping Tan Guan‐Ling Liang Bing‐Qi Lu Xiao‐Hui Dong Qi‐Hui Yang Hong‐Yu Liu Shuang Zhang 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(6):2210-2217
A 50‐day feeding trial was conducted for juvenile pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀) to determine the optimal amount of Tenebrio molitor meal (TM) that could replace fishmeal (FM) in feeds without reducing growth performance, antioxidant enzyme activities and resistance. Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated with TM replacing 0% (T0), 6.25% (T6), 12.5% (T12), 18.75% (T18), 25% (T25), 31.25% (T31) FM respectively. Each diet was randomly divided into triplicate groups with 30 juveniles (initial weight 6.60 ± 0.00 g). After feeding trail, fish were challenged by Vibrio harveyi for 7 days. The results showed that each treatment had better survival rate between 96.67% and 100%. Fish fed with control and T6 diet showed lower final weight and weight gain rate as compared to other diets. The feed conversion ratio of fish fed on T12 and T18 diet had no significant difference compared to control diet. As compared to control diet, other diets had no significant differences on specific growth rate and temperature growth coefficient. Fish fed with T6 diet had highest liver glutathione reductase activities. No significant differences were observed in liver superoxide dismutase activities in fish fed with T6, T12, T25, T31 and control diet. Fish fed on T18 diet had lowest hepatic malondialdehyde contents and a highest relative per cent survival. According to a broken‐line model, the recommended substituted ratio of TM for FM was estimated to be 12.3% for grouper obtaining maximum WGR, corresponding to additive amount of TM is 4.92%. 相似文献
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选取云纹石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara♀)×鞍带石斑鱼(E.lanceolatus♂)的杂交种(俗称云龙石斑鱼)为研究对象,设定20℃、16℃、15℃、13℃和10℃共5个温度梯度(20℃为对照组),从20℃开始,采取1℃/d的降温速率,对其进行低温胁迫实验,并对云龙石斑鱼血清中生化指标和代谢酶活力进行检测.同时对棕点石斑鱼(E fuscoguttatus♀)和鞍带石斑鱼(♂)的杂交种(俗称珍珠龙胆石斑鱼)、斜带石斑鱼(E.coioides♀)×鞍带石斑鱼(♂)的杂交种(俗称青龙石斑鱼)进行低温胁迫,每天记录3种杂交石斑鱼的存活率.当存活率低于50％时,记录半致死温度.结果显示,云龙石斑鱼半致死温度为8℃,珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的半致死温度为11℃,青龙石斑鱼的半致死温度为9.5℃.云龙石斑鱼血清中肌酐(CREA)含量和总胆固醇(T-CHO)含量随低温胁迫强度增加呈先降低后上升的趋势,血清甘油三酯(TG)含量呈现波动,在15℃和10℃时与对照组比较,出现显著性差异(P＜0.05).血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量随胁迫强度的增加呈现波动,在16℃和13℃时与对照组之间有显著性差异(P＜0.05).碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性在16℃时有所升高,但整体上与对照组无显著性差异(P＞0.05).过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性呈现波动,除13℃以外,其余各组均与对照组有显著性差异(P＜0.05).血清中谷草转氨酶(GOT)的活性在13℃和16℃时略高于对照组.谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性呈现先升后降的趋势,在16℃和15℃时,与对照组差异显著(P＜0.05).结果表明,3种杂交石斑鱼中,云龙石斑鱼最耐受低温;低温胁迫会导致幼鱼免疫力和抗氧化能力下降,实际生产中仍应降低胁迫强度和缩短胁迫时间. 相似文献
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温度对不同规格珍珠龙胆石斑鱼(棕点石斑鱼♀×鞍带石斑鱼♂)呼吸和排泄的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用实验生态学方法,研究了不同水温(15.8℃、21.0℃、26.6℃、30.9℃、36.5℃)对小[(28.1?1.1)g]、中[(278.9?20.1)g]、大[(575.8?37.4)g]3种规格的珍珠龙胆石斑鱼(棕点石斑鱼♀×鞍带石斑鱼♂)(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×Epinephelus lanceolatus♂)呼吸和排泄的影响。实验结果表明,温度和规格对珍珠龙胆耗氧率和排氨率的影响均达到显著水平(P0.05);小、中、大3种规格珍珠龙胆耗氧率和排氨率随水温的增加呈现先升高后降低、再升高的变化规律,当水温为26.6℃时达到最大值,分别为(1.510±0.124)mg/(g·h)、(0.306±0.007)mg/(g·h)、(0.161±0.010)mg/(g·h)和(47.739±21.048)μg/(g·h)、(13.956±1.783)μg/(g·h)、(6.811±1.882)μg/(g·h),耗氧率和排氨率与温度之间的回归关系均符合一元四次方程,相关系数R2均为1.000。在水温15.8~36.5℃范围,相同水温下,珍珠龙胆的耗氧率和排氨率随其个体的增大而降低,耗氧率和排氨率与规格之间的回归关系均符合一元二次方程,相关系数R2均为1.000。不同温度条件下,小、中、大3种规格珍珠龙胆的耗氧率Q10和排氨率Q10在21.0~26.6℃时均达到最大,且其均在26.6~30.9℃时最小。小、中、大3种规格O/N比值平均值变化范围分别为21.535~113.541、15.713~32.193、12.097~27.094,表明实验水温条件下小规格珍珠龙胆的供能物质为蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物,而中、大规格珍珠龙胆的主要能量物质为蛋白质和脂肪。 相似文献
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本研究阐述了棕点石斑鱼(♀)×鞍带石斑鱼(♂)杂交子代(简称珍珠龙胆石斑鱼)的胚胎发育和仔稚幼鱼形态发育的特征及其养殖过程中的一些难点、要点,以期为今后苗种的规模化培育生产提供参考依据。通过对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼各个发育期连续取样,系统观察并记录各发育期的形态变化及生长特征。结果表明,1)在水温27-28℃条件下,历时25 h 25 min孵化出膜,整个发育过程划分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期和器官形成期。2)在水温(27.0±0.5)℃、盐度30、p H 8的培育条件下,根据卵黄囊、第二背鳍棘和腹鳍棘的生长与伸缩及鳞片、体色的变化将胚后发育分为仔鱼、稚鱼、幼鱼3个时期。仔鱼期根据卵黄囊的有无分为前期仔鱼和后期仔鱼。初孵至孵化后4 d为前期仔鱼;孵化后5 d,仔鱼卵黄囊完全消失,成为后期仔鱼;孵化后32 d,50%的仔鱼进入稚鱼期;孵化后46 d,50%的稚鱼完成变态,成为幼鱼。初孵仔鱼的全长平均为(1.65±0.11)mm,发育至70 d时,幼鱼平均全长已达(75.47±0.19)mm。跟踪观察的结果发现,珍珠龙胆石斑鱼作为杂交子代,从受精到发育的各阶段均能健康正常地生长发育,且生长快速、抗病力强,具有"虎斑头、龙胆尾"的外型,具有明显的杂交优势。 相似文献
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Design and performance of recirculating aquaculture system for marine finfish broodstock development
Tropical and subtropical climatic conditions in India present an ideal and unique opportunity for being the leader in tropical marine finfish aquaculture. However, the problem persist due to non-availability of marine finfish seed for the culture. In response to this problem, broodstock development of different tropical marine finfishes for seed production was started. The present study was undertaken to design a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) and studying their performance in managing the various water quality required for the marine finfish broodstock development and breeding. The design of RAS, developed in the present study, included a broodstock tank, egg collection chamber, electrical pump, rapid sand filter, venturi type protein skimmer and biological filter. Two RAS were designed, one was stocked with a demersal fish species, orange spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) and the other was stocked with a pelagic fish species, Indian pompano (Trachinotus mookalee) at the rate 1 and 0.5 kg/m3 with a sex ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 (female: male) respectively. Various physio-chemical parameters, viz, total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite, nitrate, pH, alkalinity, temperature, free carbon dioxide (CO2) and dissolved oxygen (DO) of both tank water were analyzed to assess the performance of recirculating aquaculture system in maintaining the water quality. Gonadal development of the fishes was assessed and the spawning performance was recorded and finally, economic performance of the system was also evaluated. During the entire experimental period, mean monthly total ammonia nitrogen was less than 0.07 and 0.06 mg L−1 and mean monthly nitrite was less than 0.02 and 0.01 mg L−1 in orange spotted grouper and Indian pompano RAS tanks respectively. The pH (7.8–8.2), DO (>4 mg/L) and alkalinity (100–120 mg/L) were found to be in optimum range in both recirculating aquaculture systems. Carbon dioxide was found to be nil during the entire experimental period in both the systems. In fact these levels were comparable or less than that is reported as the permissible limits for broodstock development. Indian pompano and Orange spotted grouper matured and spawning was obtained with production of fertilized eggs round the year. Economic evaluation showed the price of 10,000 fertilized eggs of orange spotted grouper to be US $ 1.33. The design of RAS devised in the present study is efficient in controlling and maintaining optimum water quality for broodstock development of both demersal and pelagic finfishes. The fishes stocked in RAS attained final maturation and round the year spawning was obtained. 相似文献
19.
为分析赤点石斑鱼与鞍带石斑鱼杂交子一代的营养组成,参照国家标准,测定了体质量(182.84±29.35) g杂交石斑鱼肌肉的常规营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成,并对肌肉营养价值进行了评定。试验结果显示,杂交石斑鱼肌肉水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分的含量分别为(74.07±0.71)%、(21.52±0.78)%、(4.03±0.15)%和(1.29±0.07)%。肌肉鲜样中测定了17种氨基酸,总量为(19.88±0.15)%;必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸总量分别为(8.64±0.13)%和(7.64±0.16)%,必需氨基酸指数为85.19,必需氨基酸组成符合联合国粮农组织/世界卫生组织标准。肌肉鲜样中含有17种脂肪酸,饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸分别占肌肉脂肪酸总量的(27.63±1.15)%、(22.75±1.22)%和(32.59±1.90)%,其中二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸占肌肉脂肪酸总量的(19.27±1.27)%。研究表明,赤点石斑鱼与鞍带石斑鱼杂交子一代具有较高营养价值,可作为新品种进行开发。 相似文献
20.
Characterization of triploid hybrid groupers from interspecies hybridization (Epinephelus coioides ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Junfeng Xie Weimin Wang Jun Xiao Shuisheng Li Haifa Zhang Yong Zhang Shaojun Liu Haoran Lin 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(7):2195-2204
Interspecies hybridization is widely used in aquaculture as a beneficial strategy. Diploid and triploid hybrids have been detected from the interspecies hybridization of Epinephelus coioides ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂. This is the first report of triploidization through hybridization in grouper. Confirmation has been obtained through flow cytometry, karyotyping and erythrocyte nuclei measurement. The chromosome numbers of E. coioides, E. lanceolatus, diploid hybrid grouper are 48 and triploid hybrid grouper are 72. Measurements of erythrocyte nuclei indicate that triploid fish have a larger nuclear surface than the diploid groupers, and the average ratio of triploid to diploid surface area is 1.59. During the first 1.5 years, triploid hybrid groupers grow faster than diploid hybrid groupers or either parent species. The average growth rate of triploid hybrids is 1.61 times greater than that of diploid hybrids at 6 months of age and 1.43 times greater at 18 months of age. The triploid hybrid groupers are inferior in gonadal development, with no primary‐growth‐stage oocytes appearing in the gonads at 18 months of age. Morphological studies indicate that triploid hybrid groupers have distinctive differences in snout length, eye diameter, body trunk shape, and tail shape development compared with diploid hybrid groupers. Triploid hybrid groupers have an advantage in growth ability, and artificial breeding of triploid groupers might be of great potential use in the grouper aquaculture industry. 相似文献