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在奶牛的日常管理过程中,抗生素常作为治疗药物和饲料添加剂,如果大剂量使用会造成药物残留和产生耐药性等问题。牛奶中残留抗生素既会对人体健康带来危害,还会影响生产。由于检测和控制牛奶中抗生素残留是一个复杂的过程,且产品生产过程中也可能随时混入一些不是常用的抗生素,进一步加大检测的难度。因此,奶牛饲养过程中合理利用抗生素,对保证机体及其副产品的安全非常重要。现主要对牛奶中抗生素残留的危害进行探讨,并介绍常用的检测方法,供大家参考。 相似文献
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抗生素在畜牧业中的广泛应用,不可避免地造成牛奶中残留有抗生素。抗生素残留不仅危害人类健康,同时也影响牛奶的品质,造成经济损失。本文综述牛奶中抗生素残留的来源和危害、现状以及残留的快速检测方法。 相似文献
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抗生素在畜牧业中的广泛应用,同时不可避免地造成牛奶中残留。抗生素残留不仅危害人类健康,同时也影响牛奶的品质,造成严重的经济损失。本文对牛奶中抗生素残留的来源和危害、现状以及残留的检测方法进行初步的研究。 相似文献
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牛奶中抗生素残留检测技术进展 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
抗生素的应用极大促进了畜牧业的发展,但同时也造成了抗生素残留问题,特别是乳制品的抗生素残留。抗生素的残留不仅影响乳的品质,而且对人类造成极大的危害,如人体产生过敏反应,肠道菌群失调。因此加强抗生素的监测显得尤为重要。本文就此综述了牛奶抗生素残留的来源、危害、现状及其残留检测方法的进展。 相似文献
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牛奶中抗生素残留检测研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
抗生素越来越多地被应用于畜牧业中。其在乳制品中的残留问题备受关注。从牛奶中残留抗生素的来源、危害以及检测方法等方面进行总结,并对我国牛奶中抗生素检测的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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牛奶产业链中的抗生素残留及预防措施 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文介绍了食品中存在抗生素残留的风险,阐明了最大残留极限(MRL)的概念及其法规基础,说明了抗生素转移到牛奶中的原因、过程及其残留;介绍了牛奶中抗生素残留的4种检测方法;分析了牛奶受抗生素残留污染的风险以及通常的预防措施和抗生素的使用控制。 相似文献
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Sensitivity of Freshly Isolated Bacterial Pathogens to Certain Antibiotics and Nitrofurazone 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0 
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下载免费PDF全文 The results of antibiotic tests on bacterial pathogens freshly isolated from avian tissues and bovine milk are presented. Coliform isolates from the avian species showed an increased resistance to antibiotics while those which produced bovine mastitis had remained generally more sensitive. The staphyloccoci and streptococci isolated from bovine milk showed an increase in resistance to most of the antibiotics tested. The indiscriminate administration of antibiotics to livestock and poultry has no doubt encouraged the development of resistant forms of bacteria and has made treatment with such products less effective. 相似文献
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本研究主要选取呼和浩特地区奶牛养殖较集中的赛罕区与和林格尔县,对其规模养殖场与奶牛小区的饲料和牛奶中风险因子的污染情况进行评估,同时调研了奶牛饲养过程中兽药使用情况,其中饲料中评估的风险因子包括黄曲霉毒素B1和重金属铅,牛奶中评估的风险因子包括黄曲霉毒素M1、重金属铅、菌落总数、体细胞数和总抗生素。结果表明：①青霉素是使用最多的抗生素,规模场比奶牛小区使用药物种类多;②对饲料中2种风险因子的检出率均为100%,但均未超标; ③除体细胞,牛奶中的其他风险因子均未超标;④除重金属铅,牛奶中其他风险因子均是奶牛小区高于规模养殖场;⑤本次调研虽然样本量不大,但所选调研地点均是随机选择,因此具有一定代表性,本次调研分析结果有助于指导下一步牛奶风险评估的开展。 相似文献
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Hässig M 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》2003,145(2):70-74
The Delvo-P-test (Gist-brocades nr, Delft, The Netherlands) is based on biological detection of antibiotics in the milk. According to the procedure of the manufacture the test is suited for bulk milk processing factories. Problems arise when the test is used on milk samples of a single cow. Buffers, cells, bacteria, cell contents, and desinfection without using antibiotics may give false positive and false negative results. An error up to 44.8% was detected on single cow milk samples. The test is well suited for bulk milk, where the processing of milk follows a biological procedure as for cheese. The use on single cow milk samples to prove absence of antibiotics is not recommended. 相似文献
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Residue persistence in sheep milk following antibiotic therapy 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Molina A Molina MP Althaus RL Gallego L 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2003,165(1):84-89
Drug residues in milk supplies may have public health implications and can interfere in the manufacture of dairy products, such as cheese. In Spain, most ewe milk production is destined for cheese making, often using raw milk. This study analyses the main factors influencing antibiotic depletion time in lactating dairy sheep. 42, Manchega ewes were distributed into three groups, each receiving a different treatment (cephalexin intramammary infusion, penicillin G intramuscular, and oxytetracycline intravenous injections). During and after the recommended withdrawal period, milk samples were taken at each milking. A microbiological inhibition test (Brilliant Black Reduction, BRT) was used to screen all samples and antibiotic withholding times were established using a logistic regression model. The response to the BRT method in milk from individual ewes treated showed that the effect of the milking order was significant (P<0.001) with the three antibiotics. However the only influence on milk yield was with the intramammary treatment (P<0.005). The BRT method was found to be very sensitive, particularly to the two beta-lactamic antibiotics. 相似文献
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Krömker V Paduch JH Abograra I Zinke C Friedrich J 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2011,124(3-4):161-167
This field study focuses on the possible effects of a combination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory treatment (carprofen) and a local and parenteral antibiotic on cure rates, survival rate and return to milk production of severe clinical mastitis cases. 69 cows in 3 herds (blocked by parity) with severe clinical mastitis during the first 120 d of lactation (median = 28 d) were treated with antibiotics and one-half of these cows were treated with 1.4 mg/kg bodyweight carprofen (Rimadyl Rind, Pfizer GmbH Tiergesundheit, Germany). Double milk samples for bacteriology were collected from clinically affected udder quarters before treatment and at 14 (+/- 3) and 21 (+/- 3) days after commencement of treatment for cytomicro-temperature, clinical, bacteriological, cytobacteriological cure rate and in the number of cows that were defined as treatment failures (i.e., died, re-treated, relapse). Six (22.2%) vs. seven (19.4%) cows in the carprofen and control groups failed, respectively. The milk yield was significantly higher in the carprofen-treated group compared with the control group after treatment. The present work gives first indications that treatment of cows with severe clinical mastitis with a combination of carprofen and antibiotics could result in a faster return to milk production compared to treatment with antibiotics alone. If this effect can be affiliated to the administration of carprofen alone has to be examined in further studies. 相似文献
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In a series of 4 papers the Index Lists as provided by the VAMPP computer programme are presented. The information on Index List 1, covering milk production, milk quality and udder health, is suitable to monitor actual herd performance, especially when used in connection with the other index lists. With computer programmes becoming available to veterinary control programmes, proper interpretation and prompt analysis of data is more critical. This paper outlines how deviations of index figures from reference values are detected, how analysis may be performed and how advice is built-up. 相似文献