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为了探索挥发性物质与小麦粉储藏品质指标的关系,进一步研究小麦粉品质变化机理,采用顶空气相色谱一质谱联用法测定了不同储藏条件下小麦粉中的挥发性物质,同时测定其生化指标,分析挥发性物质的种类和含量及其与生化指标的相关性.研究结果表明:不同储藏条件的小麦粉挥发性物质种类基本相同,只是在量上存在差异.通过主成分分析和相关性分析显示,小麦粉挥发物中的己醛、2-壬烯醛、2-辛醛、癸二烯醛、1-己醇、2—乙基—1—己醇,、苯甲醇、丙酮、十二烷、十四烷含量与脂肪酸值、丙二醛和回生值呈较高相关性,可作为小麦粉储存品质变化的评判指标,同时小麦粉中挥发物来源主要由脂类的氧化和水解产生. 相似文献
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最近Stanie.R等人报道了储藏条件对未精炼葵花籽油品质的影响。试验样品有两种,即冷压葵花籽油和精炼葵花籽油。这两种受试样品又分为两组,一组添加V_E,一组不添加V_E,容器为瓶装或听装。将受试样品部分置于避光环境,部分置于光照明亮处室温下储藏60周。按时测定油的主要指标:游离脂肪酸、过氧化值、茴香胺、氧化值、感观品质、维生素E含量、色泽。并将原始油样检测结果与储藏试验结束前的各项检测结果进行了比较。结果表明,光对未精炼葵花籽油的品质影响较大,同样容器装的相同品质油,避光(黑暗处)储藏比明亮处存放的质量好,色泽变化小;添加V_E对葵花籽油的储藏稳定性作用不大。 相似文献
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以新疆玻璃罐装番茄酱(24°Brix)为原料,以亮度L*值、红值a*、黄值b*、色差值△E、褐变指数和5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)含量为考察指标,研究不同贮藏温度(10、25、35℃)对新疆玻璃罐装番茄酱色泽变化的影响,并在此基础上建立新疆玻璃罐装番茄酱色泽变化动力学模型,以预测玻璃罐装番茄酱褐变程度。结果表明:玻璃罐装番茄酱的色泽参数L*值、a*值、b*值变化符合一级动力学反应,色差值△E符合零级动力学反应,褐变指数和5-羟甲基糠醛含量变化在25℃和35℃下符合一级动力学反应。褐变指数、5-羟甲基糠醛含量、L*值、红值a*、黄值b*和色差值△E等各指标变化的活化能分别为74.30、65.22、45.46、55.72、102.26和64.21 kJ/mol。 相似文献
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通过模拟储藏,研究了不同温度和时间对储藏籼稻谷品质的影响.结果表明:温度越高和时间越长,储藏籼稻谷的含水量、出糙率、整精米率和发芽率下降越快,而脂肪酸值上升越快,储藏稻谷品质陈化速度越快,低温储藏有利于减缓稻谷品质的下降.方差分析表明储藏温度和时间是籼稻谷各品质变化的极显著影响因素.通过SPSS分析软件将上述这些指标(Y)与储藏温度(T)和时间(D)进行二元线性回归方程的拟合,都符合Y=aT +bD+c (P＜0.01),表明籼稻谷各项品质指标与储藏温度和时间呈显著的二元线性关系. 相似文献
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为了探索挥发性物质与小麦粉储藏品质指标的关系,进一步研究小麦粉品质变化机理,采用顶空气相色谱-质谱联用法测定了不同储藏条件下小麦粉中的挥发性物质,同时测定其生化指标,分析挥发性物质的种类和含量及其与生化指标的相关性。研究结果表明:不同储藏条件的小麦粉挥发性物质种类基本相同,只是在量上存在差异。通过主成分分析和相关性分析显示,小麦粉挥发物中的己醛、2-壬烯醛、2-辛醛、癸二烯醛、1-己醇、2-乙基-1-己醇,、苯甲醇、丙酮、十二烷、十四烷含量与脂肪酸值、丙二醛和回生值呈较高相关性,可作为小麦粉储存品质变化的评判指标,同时小麦粉中挥发物来源主要由脂类的氧化和水解产生。 相似文献
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小麦储藏期间品质指标分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
柏九菊 《粮油仓储科技通讯》2004,(2):47-49
通过对小麦储藏期间品质的分析，寻找一系列既可以灵敏地反应小麦储藏期间生理、化学成分等的变化，又可以反应小麦最终的加工品质和营养品质的指标，同时要求这些指标有检测方便、实用、快捷、客观的特点。在指标分析的同时又将储藏条件对这些指标的影响进行了论述。 相似文献
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以兴仁薏仁米为试材,采用厚度为0.08 mm的PE自封袋包装,研究其在温度4~24℃、相对湿度74%~86%储藏条件下感官、理化、微生物、菌落总数、脂肪酸组成及含量、挥发性物质组成及含量和生化指标的变化。结果表明,随着储藏时间的延长,薏仁米色泽逐渐变暗变黄,储藏60 d时开始出现哈败味,形态变化从储藏120 d开始,时间越长薏仁米长虫现象越明显,劣变及哈败味越严重;薏仁米在储藏过程中,水分含量基本保持不变;脂肪酸值、过氧化值和菌落总数总体呈上升趋势,与之对应的薏仁米长虫、劣变及哈败味越严重;饱和脂肪酸含量呈上升趋势,不饱和脂肪酸含量呈下降趋势;丙二醛含量与过氧化物酶活性呈负相关关系。从薏仁米储藏期间感官及理化性质变化,结合挥发性物质与理化、生化指标的相关性分析得出:薏仁米储藏过程中的陈化主要与醇类、酯类物质的氧化、分解,醛类、酸类物质的形成相关,也与脂类氧化降解密切相关。脂肪酸值与过氧化值可作为判断薏仁米陈化的主要指标。 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
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Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献
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B. Julier P. Guy C. Castillo-Acuna G. Caubel C. Ecalle M. Esquibet V. Furstoss C. Huyghe C. Lavaud A. Porcheron P. Pracros G. Raynal 《Euphytica》1996,91(2):241-250
Summary Twenty-five lucerne populations of the Medicago sativa complex, which were either diploid or tetraploid and wild or cultivated, were analysed for their resistance to four different fungal diseases and to stem nematode. Forage quality, including stem digestibility and saponin content, was also tested.Populations varied in susceptibility to the diseases caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, Verticillium albo-atrum, Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Pseudopezizza medicaginis, and to the nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Except for Sclerotinia rot, sativa and falcata subspecies differed in susceptibility, but this grouping of populations did not account for the full range of variation among them. However, the resistance to P. medicaginis was much lower in the sativa than in the falcata populations.Populations also varied significantly in stem fiber content and digestibility. Stem digestibility was negatively correlated to forage yield. Wild sativa and falcata populations had lower fiber content and higher digestibility than cultivated sativa populations. The medicagenic acid was the sapogenin responsible for the anti-nutritional effect of the lucerne measured by the yellow mealworm larvae Tenebrio molitor. The medicagenic acid content was lowest for the pure sativa populations, highest for the pure falcata populations, and intermediate for the French sativa varieties that have some traits originating from falcata germplasm. Some populations could be used in breeding programs to improve disease and nematode resistance, and forage quality. 相似文献
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In order to explore the pharmacological effects of active components of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on the central nervous system,through consulting related literatures,... 相似文献
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[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pb on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and chemical constituents of Achyranthes bidentat... 相似文献
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不同P-Zn配比对小麦幼苗微量元素营养的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用了螯合-缓冲营养液培养方法对小麦进行了苗期培养试验,在3个P水平(0,0.6,3.0 mmol/L)和3个Zn水平(0,3,30 μmol/L)的完全组合下对小麦苗期生长及Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养进行了研究,旨在为小麦微肥施用提供理论依据.结果表明,P、Zn的正常供应促进了小麦生长,二者的缺乏与过量均会抑制小麦发育,且这种影响在冠部表现得更为明显.在小麦苗期,Zn与Cu的吸收存在明显的拮抗作用,但供Zn则促进了Zn和Cu的转运,而Mn转运则受到了抑制;过量供Zn时,大量Zn被转运到冠部,同时明显抑制了(Fe+Cu+Mn)的吸收总量;P的供应显著地抑制了Fe的吸收,但P的供应提高了Zn、Cu、Mn的转运率;P、Zn在对Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn间吸收竞争的影响中,Zn本身的影响要比P的影响更为明显,供Zn明显促进了小麦幼苗对Zn的吸收;在小麦幼苗冠部,Zn与Fe的竞争中,供P利于Zn的吸收,缺P则利于Fe的吸收;而Zn与Cu以及Zn与Mn间的竞争中,缺磷时利于Zn的吸收,供磷后则利于Cu和Mn的吸收.总之,小麦幼苗Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养中,P、Zn的不同配比会不同程度地改变Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn的协同或拮抗效应. 相似文献
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Summary
Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. is a wild perennial species related to the cultivated soybean, G. max (L.) Merr. It is composed of diploid (2n=40) and tetraploid (2n=80) cytotypes. Currently, to differentiate the cytotypes, plants are grown out in the greenhouse and chromosome counts made on pollen mother cells. It is a laborious and time consuming process. The objective of this study was to determine whether electrophoretic techniques could be utilized to separate the cytotypes. Electrophoretic examination of seven isozyme systems from seed of 67 G. tabacina accessions revealed banding patterns that could be used to differentiate between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes in the species. Among the tetraploid accessions, the number of bands observed were always greater than the diploids. Some tetraploid banding patterns consisted of bands similar to the diploid tabacina and/or additional bands previously identified in other Glycine species. The patterns of isozyme multiplicity and variation in the tetraploid tabacinas suggests more than one mode of origin for the tetraploids. 相似文献
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Summary Some photosynthetic characters as-leaf anatomy, leaf photosynthetic rate and CO2 compensation pointdistinguishing C3 and C4 plants and physiological characters as leaf area ratio, nitrogen content, leaf stem ratio and total shoot-to-root and deep root-to-shoot ratios have been studied in rice × sorghum and rice × wheat hybrids. Rice × sorghum 1. has lower values of photosynthetic rate, leaf nitrogen, total root and deep root-to-shoot ratio and CO2 compensation point as of rice parent where as, rice × sorghym 2. is superior in all these characters. Both hybrids lack kranz anatomy. Though both rice × sorghum hybrids show characters of C3 rice plant but rice × sorghum 2. has improved drought tolerance and leaf characters in relation to yield. Rice × wheat hybrid have higher assimilatory area and higher total root-to-shoot ratio. Grains of rice × wheat hybrids are identical to rice grain. However, as grains of rice × wheat hybrid does not contain seed coat, it could be exploited as novel rice germplasm after improvement.Abbreviations T
CO2 compensation point
- T21
CO2 compensation point at 21% O2
- T2
CO2 compensation point at 2% O2
- dR/sR
deep Root-to-shoot Ratio
- LAR
Leaf Area Ratio
- CER
photosynthetic rate
- TR/SR
Total Root-to-Shoot Ratio 相似文献