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四川盆地主要土壤类型抗侵蚀能力研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
土壤抗侵蚀性能是影响土壤侵蚀的最基本因素,主要取决于土粒和水的亲和能力;土壤抗冲性与侵蚀的发生关系更为密切.对四川盆地4个土类17个土属的527个土壤样本的土壤抗蚀性进行了关联分析和主分量分析;对土壤抗冲性作了逐步回归分析和主分量分析.研究结果认为,四川盆地宜林地土壤抗蚀性和抗冲性各分为4级:紫色土抗蚀性顺序为中性紫色土>钙质紫色土>酸性紫色土;抗冲性顺序依母岩排列为:遂宁组>夹关组>自流井组>沙溪庙组>篷莱镇组>城墙岩群.土壤抗侵蚀能力是土镶抗蚀性和抗冲性的综合反映,在不同的地形和森林植被条件下,土壤抗侵蚀能力会有变化. 相似文献
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晋西北不同植被类型土壤水分空间分异 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用土钻法对晋西北朔州地区杨树林、柳树林、草地3种植被类型0~600 cm土层土壤水分动态进行研究。结果表明:土壤平均含水量表现为草地杨树林地柳树林地。草地土壤平均含水量比杨树林地高1.25%,比柳树林地高1.9%。随着土壤深度的增加,土壤含水量先减小后上下波动,然后趋于稳定。0~100cm土层范围内,土壤水分变异系数大小为草地柳树林地杨树林地;在200~300 cm、400~500 cm土层范围内,变异系数表现为柳树林地草地杨树林地;300~400 cm、500~600 cm土层范围内,变异系数大小为柳树林地杨树林地草地。越靠近表层,土壤干化现象越严重,柳树林地干化现象最明显,含水量变化最剧烈,杨树林地次之,草地最稳定。 相似文献
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拖拉机集材对林地土壤的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
本文从环境保护的观点出发.分析了拖拉机集材造成的林地土壤压实、水土流失。并对集材前后迹地土壤营养成份流换情况进行对比。结果表明,拖拉机集材对森林生态环境破坏较为严重。不符合生态效益对林业生产的要求。 相似文献
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IntroductionSoilpropertiesdependonclimate,vegetationtypes,parentmaterials,landformandsoilderivedage(Bei-jingForestryCoIlege1982).VegetationpIaysasig-nificantroIeintheformationofsoiIparticuIarIyforthepropertiespfSurfBcesoil.PlantsabsorbselectivelynutrientfromsoilandbuiIdtheirbodies.ThenutrientpartofIitterdecomposedgradualIybymicrobeswouldraturntoground-TheroOtsystemOfplantaIsoplaysasignificantroleinsoiIproperties.EffectofpIantsonsoildependonthevegdstiontype,speciescomposi-tion,age,dens… 相似文献
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Soil surface properties in Mediterranean mountain ecosystems: Effects of environmental factors and implications of management 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Understanding soil processes is fundamental to the success of forest restoration programs. We compared different types of soils in Mediterranean mountain forests with respect to their edaphic environments and influence of vegetation cover and lithology. We then used this information to determine the suitability of current forest restoration programs in these ecosystems. 相似文献
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Soil disturbance by heavy machinery usually causes a decrease in porosity and an increase in soil strength, which may limit access to nutrients and compromise seedling survival and growth. This study used a soil strength and a greenhouse experiment to assess the impact of compaction on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. Ex. Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) seedling growth and the degree to which soil water influences the effects of compaction. A silt loam soil was collected from a forest landing in the central interior of British Columbia (BC) in the Sub-Boreal Spruce Biogeoclimatic zone. The silt loam soil was used in a soil strength experiment where soil with four water content levels (0.10, 0.18, 0.27, and 0.36 cm3 cm−3) was packed into 0.21 cm3 cores with three levels of compaction (74, 79, and 84% of maximum bulk density (MBD)). Soil strength was strongly affected by compaction and water content. In the greenhouse experiment, three water content levels (0.10–0.15, 0.20–0.30, and 0.30–0.35 cm3 cm−3) and three levels of compaction (67, 72, and 76% of MBD) were applied to soil in pots and 1-year old lodgepole pine seedlings were grown in the pots. Soil strength was highest (1275 kPa) for the high compaction and dry water content treatment in the greenhouse experiment. Though the soil strength for this treatment did not exceed 2500 kPa, the effect of compaction on growth was noticeable, with a decrease in diameter growth, total shoot mass, and new root mass as compaction increased at the dry water content. At dry water content and high compaction, foliar nutrient concentrations were greatest. Generally, water content had a greater impact on seedling growth than did compaction, at the levels of compaction used in this study. This study indicates that if there is a critical value for mechanical impedance of the conifer roots, it likely occurs below 2500 kPa. Our results are consistent with the explanation that soil strength incrementally affects root growth below 2500 kPa for this soil type. Expensive rehabilitation techniques may not be needed on lightly disturbed soils similar to that used in this study if soil water content is high enough throughout the conifer growing season to alleviate the effects of compaction on soil strength. 相似文献
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WangYaqin Gao Bo DongYinghongForestry School of Jilin ProvinceDong Shaoqing Liu YingxianForestry Department of Jilin ProvinceLi Hongxi Mu DaolinNursery of Changchun City 《林业研究》1993,4(1):77-81
Using The Electric Fertilization Apparatus which was made by the ForestryInstiute of Jilin City,the mechanism of the electric field on the physical-chemical characteristicsof soil,in this paper were studied.The preliminary conclusion is that the amount of chemical fer-tilizer may be saved under the effect of electricity. 相似文献
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旅游开发对若尔盖自然保护区土壤养分和物理性状的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对高原湿地若尔盖国家级自然保护区不同旅游开发强度下土壤养分和物理性状进行研究的结果表明：（1）不同旅游开发强度（强度等级）对若尔盖高原湿地花湖景区土壤养分含量（有机质、氮、磷、钾）有着较大差异。（2）不同旅游开发强度对土壤理化性质的影响表现为：随着放牧干扰强度的增加,样地土壤容重逐渐增大、孔隙度逐渐减小。干扰导致土壤持水量和含水量下降,重度和中度干扰下土壤持水量和含水量与无放牧干扰时相比均有显著下降（P〈0.05）。放牧压实造成土壤表层孔隙度下降,致使土壤初渗速率、稳渗速率下降,其中稳渗速率下降最为明显,轻度、中度和重度放牧干扰下土壤稳渗速率比未受放牧干扰时分别下降了49.81%,81.89%和92.34%。（3）旅游活动、过牧超载等人为干扰活动是引起生态退化的主要原因。气候寒冷造成土壤利用性能受限,植被生长缓慢且破坏后难于恢复,湿地中伴随着水的大量流失和进而引发的湿地功能的的丧失对若尔盖及附近地区乃至全球生态环境的形成与演变产生重大影响。应对若尔盖湿地自然生态环境进行保护。严禁挖沟排水和过度无序旅游,乃是保护土壤,稳定若尔盖湿地高原生态环境的重要措施。只有这样,保护土壤生态系统才有依托,才有物质基础。 相似文献
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To better understand the effects of forest suc-cession on soil microbial activity, a comparison of soil microbial properties and nutrients was conducted between three forest types representing a natura... 相似文献
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土壤有机碳动态模型的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
As the largest pool of terrestrial organic carbon, soils interact strongly with atmosphere composition, climate, and land change. Soil organic carbon dynamics in ecosystem plays a great role in global carbon cycle and global change. With development of mathematical models that simulate changes in soil organic carbon, there have been considerable advances in understanding soil organic carbon dynamics. This paper mainly reviewed the composition of soil organic matter and its influenced factors, and recommended some soil organic matter models worldwide. Based on the analyses of the developed results at home and abroad, it is suggested that future soil organic matter models should be developed toward based-process models, and not always empirical ones. The models are able to reveal their interaction between soil carbon systems, climate and land cover by technique and methods of GIS (Geographical Information System) and RS (Remote Sensing). These models should be developed at a global scale, in dynamically describing the spatial and temporal changes of soil organic matter cycle. Meanwhile, the further researches on models should be strengthen for providing theory basis and foundation in making policy of green house gas emission in China. 相似文献
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Shoji Hashimoto Nobuaki Tanaka Tomonori Kume Natsuko Yoshifuji Norifumi Hotta Katsunori Tanaka Masakazu Suzuki 《Journal of Forest Research》2007,12(3):209-221
Soil CO2 production seasonality at a number of depths was investigated in a temperate forest in Japan and in a tropical montane forest
in Thailand. The CO2 production rates were evaluated by examining differences in the estimated soil CO2 flux at adjacent depths. The temperate forest had clear temperature seasonality and only slight rainfall seasonality, whereas
the tropical montane forest showed clear rainfall seasonality and only slight temperature seasonality. In the temperate forest,
the pattern of seasonal variation in soil respiration was similar at all depths, except the deepest (0.65 m–), and respiration
was greater in summer and less in winter. The contribution of the shallowest depth (around 0.1 m) was more than 50% of total
soil-surface CO2 flux all year round, and the annual mean contribution was about 75%. CO2 production mostly appeared to increase with temperature in shallower layers. In contrast, in the tropical forest, soil CO2 production seasonality appeared to differ with depth. The CO2 production rate in the shallowest layer was high during the rainy season and low during the dry season. Soil CO2 production at greater depths (0.4 and 0.5 m–) showed the opposite seasonality to that in the shallower layer (around 0.1 m).
As a result, the contribution from the shallow depth was greatest in the tropical forest during the rainy season (more than
90%), whereas it decreased during the dry season (about 50%). CO2 production appeared to be controlled by soil water at all depths, and the different ranges of water saturation seemed to
cause the difference in seasonality at each depth. Our results suggest the importance of considering the vertical distribution
of soil processes, particularly in areas where soil water is a dominant controller of soil respiration. 相似文献