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1.
Isolation of a rotavirus from a newborn dog with diarrhea 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
R W Fulton C A Johnson N J Pearson G N Woode 《American journal of veterinary research》1981,42(5):841-843
A rotavirus was isolated from a newborn dog that died after having clinical signs of diarrhea. Virus particles with rotaviral morphologic features were observed by transmission electron microscopy in the intestinal homogenate collected at necropsy. Cytopathic effects were observed, and rotaviral antigens were detected by indirect immunofluorescence in MA-104 monolayer cultures (a fetal rhesus macaque kidney cell) inoculated with intestinal homogenate. This rotavirus isolate, designated LSU 79C-36, may be a specific canine rotavirus or a rotavirus from another species. 相似文献
2.
Detection of a bovine group C rotavirus from adult cows with diarrhea and reduced milk production 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mawatari T Taneichi A Kawagoe T Hosokawa M Togashi K Tsunemitsu H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(7):887-890
Only two strains (Shintoku and porcine-like WD534tc) of group C rotavirus (GCR) from cattle have been reported to date. A GCR designated the Yamagata strain was the only pathogen detected in an outbreak of adult cow diarrhea accompanied by a decrease in milk production. The nucleotide sequences of the VP6 and VP7 genes from strain Yamagata were determined. Comparative sequence analysis showed that the sequence identities between strains Yamagata and Shintoku were markedly high in both VP6 gene (98.1%) and VP7 gene (93.5%), and that these strains belonged to the same clusters which were distinguished from GCRs from different host species in phylogenetic trees of these genes. These results suggested strongly that cattle species is one of the natural hosts of GCR infection, and that GCRs are a cause of adult cow diarrhea. 相似文献
3.
G. Castrucci M. Ferrari F. Frigeri V. Traldi V. Angelillo 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1994,17(3-4):321-331
This review summarizes the results of a study on rotaviruses isolated from calves affected by neonatal diarrhea.
The results indicated that rotavirus infection is widespread and supported the evidence for an etiologic role of these viruses in neonatal diarrhea. Differences in virulence among bovine rotaviruses appeared also to be confirmed.
Conventionally reared calves were fully susceptible to the experimental infection induced by rotaviruses originating from heterologous hosts, i.e. monkeys, pigs and rabbits.
When rotavirus strains of bovine, simian and rabbit origin were compared by cross neutralization tests, it was found the simian and porcine strains were indistinguishable and both appeared to relate antigenically to the bovine strain.
Finally, it was proven that feeding newborn calves with colostrum and first milk of their dams, previously vaccinated with an inactivated adjuvanted rotavirus vaccine, could prevent the neonatal diarrhea from occurring. 相似文献
4.
Silva LC Sanches AA Gregori F Brandão PE Alfieri AA Headley SA Jerez JA 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(2):1066-1069
This study investigated the occurrence of rotavirus infections in ostriches (Struthio camelus) reared in Northern Paraná, Brazil. Fecal (n=66) and serum (n=182) samples from nine farms located in four different cities were analyzed by silver stained-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (ss-PAGE), RT-PCR assay, virus isolation, and counterimmunoelectroosmophoresis (CIE). Rotavirus group A seropositivity occurred in 5.49% (10/182) of serum samples of ostriches originated from two farms. Only 9.09% (6/66) of fecal samples from ostriches with diarrhea maintained in one farm were positive by ss-PAGE, RT-PCR, and virus isolation. The G (VP7) and P (VP4) genotypes of rotavirus wild strains isolated in cell culture were determined by multiplex-nested PCR. The genotyping identified two rotavirus strains: G6P[1] and G10P[1]. In three rotavirus strains it was only possible to identify the P type; one strain being P[1] and two strains that presented the combination of P[1]+P[7]. These findings might represent the first characterization of rotavirus in ostriches, and the finding of porcine and bovine-like rotavirus genotypes in ostriches might suggest virus reassortment and possible interspecies transmission. 相似文献
5.
Neonatal calf diarrhea induced by rotavirus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
G Castrucci F Frigeri M Ferrari V Cilli G L Gualandi V Aldrovandi 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1988,11(2):71-84
This presentation summarizes the results of a comprehensive study on rotaviruses isolated in Italy from calves and rabbits affected by neonatal diarrhea. The results clearly indicated that rotavirus infection is widespread and supported the evidence for an etiologic role of these viruses in neonatal diarrhea. The evidence of differences in virulence among bovine rotaviruses appeared also to be confirmed. Conventionally reared calves were fully susceptible to the experimental infection induced by three rotaviruses originating from heterologous hosts, i.e. monkeys, pigs and rabbits, respectively. When rotavirus strains of bovine, simian, porcine and rabbit origin were compared by cross neutralization tests, it was found the simian and porcine strains were indistinguishable and both appeared to relate antigenically to the bovine strain. On the other hand, a reciprocal antigenic correlation was found between bovine and rabbit isolates. Finally, it was proven that feeding newborn calves with colostrum of their dams, previously vaccinated with an inactivated rotavirus vaccine, could prevent the neonatal diarrhea from occurring. 相似文献
6.
During the period of 1976-88, 733 strains of Pasteurella multocida isolated from avian hosts were submitted to the National Animal Disease Center for somatic serotyping. The serotypes were determined and are presented in a summarized form in this report. The most common serotypes were 3 (29%); 1 (18%); 3,4 (12%); and 3,4,12 (9%). The 733 strains had been isolated from 25 species of avian hosts; 400 (55%) were from turkeys. The most common serotypes of strains from turkeys were 3 (38%); 3,4 (18%); 3,4,12 (11%); and 4 (4%). 相似文献
7.
Isolation and characterization of avian rotaviruses 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Rotaviruses were isolated from intestinal contents obtained from flocks of turkey poults and pheasant poults with diarrhea and from different age groups of chickens showing various signs of intestinal disorders. The incorporation of 5 micrograms trypsin/ml in the inoculum and medium was essential for virus isolation in chicken kidney cells. All isolates were identified as rotaviruses by fluorescent-antibody technique using a National Institutes of Health reference rotavirus antiserum against human rotavirus strain "D," Type 2. Negative-staining and transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of rotavirus particles. Furthermore, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis pattern of viral RNA segments of our isolates confirmed that they are rotaviruses. Seven-day-old turkey poults could be infected with turkey and chicken rotavirus isolates; in contrast, chicks of the same age were refractory. 相似文献
8.
牛病毒性腹泻病毒、大肠杆菌和奇异变形杆菌混合感染致犊牛腹泻的研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为确定甘肃省临夏州某奶牛场犊牛腹泻的病因,并提供合适的治疗方案和防控措施,试验采集该牛场13头腹泻犊牛的粪便和血清,通过胶体金技术、ELISA方法、细菌分离鉴定、Kirby-Bauer法分别进行病毒病原学检测、病毒血清学抗体检测、病原菌鉴定和药物敏感性试验。病毒学检测结果显示,13份粪样中未检测出牛轮状病毒（BRV）、牛冠状病毒（BCV）的抗原,牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）抗原阳性率为23.08%（3/13）;未检出BRV和BCV的抗体,BVDV血清学抗体阳性率为38.46%（5/13）。病原菌检测结果显示,13份粪便样品中,分离出13株大肠杆菌和7株奇异变形杆菌。药敏试验表明,分离的大肠杆菌和奇异变形杆菌对20种常规药物均产生了不同程度的耐药,且无对两种细菌均有效的药物。此次犊牛腹泻是由BVDV、大肠杆菌、奇异变形杆菌混合感染引起的,且大肠杆菌和奇异变形杆菌的耐药现象严重,本试验结果为该牛场进一步治疗此次的犊牛腹泻病提供了合理有效的依据。 相似文献
9.
Phylogenetic analysis of porcine rotavirus in Argentina: increasing diversity of G4 strains and evidence of interspecies transmission 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Parra GI Vidales G Gomez JA Fernandez FM Parreño V Bok K 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,126(1-3):243-250
Group A rotaviruses are one of the most frequently detected viral agents associated with neonatal diarrhea in piglets. In order to characterize rotavirus (RV) strains circulating in Argentinean swine, four porcine production farms located in Buenos Aires were studied. RV strains genotyped as P[6]G4, P[6]G8 and P[1]G6 were found in piglets under 30 days of age, without diarrhea. Phylogenetic and sequence analysis of the VP7 gene from G4 strains available in databases, reveals five porcine new lineages (III-VII) and three sublineages (VIIa-VIIc). The G4 porcine Argentinean strains were grouped with a porcine RV strain isolated in Brazil and another RV strain isolated from a child with diarrhea in Mexico, constituting an American lineage (VII). On the other hand, porcine G6 and G8 were closely related to RV's circulating in Argentinean cattle and South-American camelids, respectively. The fact that G4 porcine lineages were epidemiologically related to human strains, and G6 and G8 Argentinean porcine strains were found related to bovine and South-American camelids, respectively, suggests that pigs might play a crucial role as reservoir and generator of newly adapted emerging RV strains for human and other species. 相似文献
10.
Thaís Gomes Rocha Fernanda Dornelas Florentino Silva Fábio Gregori Amauri Alcindo Alfieri Maria da Glória Buzinaro José Jurandir Fagliari 《Tropical animal health and production》2017,49(4):783-790
Reports of rotavirus excretion in calves usually result from cross-sectional studies, and in face of the conflicting results regarding protection of calves born to vaccinated dams against diarrhea, the aim of the present study was to evaluate rotavirus excretion in dairy calves born to vaccinated or unvaccinated dams, to identify the genotypes of bovine rotavirus group A (RVA) strains isolated from these animals as well as to investigate characteristics of the disease in naturally occurring circumstances throughout the first month of life. Five hundred fifty-two fecal samples were taken from 56 calves, 28 from each farm and, in the vaccinated herd, 11/281 samples (3.91%) taken from six different calves tested positive for RVA while in the unvaccinated herd, 3/271 samples (1.11%) taken from 3 different calves tested positive. The genotyping of the VP7 genes showed 91.2% nucleotide sequence identity to G6 genotype (NCDV strain), and for the VP4 gene, strains from the vaccinated herd were 96.6% related to B223 strain, while strains from the unvaccinated herd were 88% related to P[5] genotype (UK strain). Genotypes found in this study were G6P[11] in the vaccinated herd and G6P[5] in the unvaccinated herd. All calves infected with rotavirus presented an episode of diarrhea in the first month of life, and the discrepancy between the genotypes found in the commercial vaccine (G6P[1] and G10P[11]) and the rotavirus strains circulating in both vaccinated and unvaccinated herds show the importance of keeping constant surveillance in order to avoid potential causes of vaccination failure. 相似文献
11.
Berhane Y Ojkic D Neufeld J Leith M Hisanaga T Kehler H Ferencz A Wojcinski H Cottam-Birt C Suderman M Handel K Alexandersen S Pasick J 《Avian diseases》2010,54(4):1275-1285
Suspected human-to-animal transmission of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) virus has been reported in several animal species, including pigs, dogs, cats, ferrets, and turkeys. In this study we describe the genetic characterization of pH1N1 viruses isolated from breeder turkeys that was associated with a progressive drop in egg production. Sequence analysis of all eight gene segments from three viruses isolated from this outbreak demonstrated homology with other human and swine pH1N1 isolates. The susceptibility of turkeys to a human pH1N1 isolate was further evaluated experimentally. The 50% turkey infectious dose (TID50) for the human isolate A/Mexico/LnDRE/4487/2009 was determined by inoculating groups of 8-10-week-old turkeys with serial 10-fold dilutions of virus by oronasal and cloacal routes. We estimated the TID50 to be between 1 x 10(5) and 1 x 10(6) TCID50. The pathogenesis of pH1N1 in oronasally or cloacally inoculated juvenile turkeys was also examined. None of the turkeys exhibited clinical signs, and no significant difference in virus shedding or seroconversion was observed between the two inoculation groups. More than 50% of the turkeys in both oronasal and cloacal groups shed virus beginning at 2 days postinoculation (dpi). All birds that actively shed virus seroconverted by 14 dpi. Virus antigen was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in the cecal tonsils and bursa of Fabricius in two of the birds that were infected by the cloacal route. Virus transmission to naive contact turkeys was at best doubtful. This report provides additional evidence that pH1N1 can cross the species barrier and cause disease outbreaks in domestic turkeys. However, it appears that the reproductive status of the host as well as environmental factors such as concurrent infections, stress, the presence or absence of litter, and stocking density may also contribute to efficient infection and transmission of this agent. 相似文献
12.
2017年1月,新疆博乐某牛场犊牛群出现腹泻疫情,本试验旨在调查病因并制定相应的防控措施。采集6头腹泻犊牛的肛拭子和新鲜粪便样本,先用Speed V-Diar4TM试纸进行轮状病毒、冠状病毒、隐孢子虫和大肠杆菌F5(K99)的检测,再对样本进行病原菌的分离鉴定和分子分群,最后对分离菌进行致病力及耐药性的检测。结果显示,所有粪便样本的试纸检测结果均为阴性,从6份样品中共得到6株大肠杆菌和1株爱德华氏菌,分子分群PCR检测结果显示6株大肠杆菌中A群占83.3%(5/6),F群占16.7%(1/6)。半数致死量结果显示,只有1株大肠杆菌(菌株XJ-B1)具有致病性,可致小白鼠腹泻和死亡。药敏试验结果显示,7株分离菌对这18种抗生素产生不同程度的耐药性,其中致病性大肠杆菌XJ-B1耐药程度最严重,对β-内酰胺类、磺胺类和多肽类抗生素耐药,为多重耐药菌。由此可见,这株致病性大肠杆菌可能是引起本次犊牛腹泻的病因之一,也是本试验首次分离到牛源的F群大肠杆菌,该菌的多重耐药性增加了临床治疗的难度,而本试验结果为该牛场治疗此次犊牛腹泻提供了依据。 相似文献
13.
14.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2016,25(4):591-609
Salmonella and Campylobacter are frequent colonizers of the intestinal tracts of poultry and have often been associated with human foodborne illness. The entry, transmission, and prevalence of both pathogens have been extensively studied in chickens but little information is available for turkeys. This project monitored turkey breeder hens and toms from d of hatch to 65 wk of age with the objective of determining routes of transmission for Salmonella and Campylobacter throughout the turkey production cycle. Breeder poults were separated by sex and then into 2 groups (control and inoculated) for each sex. The inoculated group was orally gavaged with marker strains of both Salmonella and Campylobacter. The inoculated groups (toms and hens) were placed on the opposite side of a growout house from the uninoculated groups. Fecal samples, intestinal samples and organs, feed, drinkers, and potential vectors such as insects and mice, were analyzed at different times until 65 wk. Monitoring showed that Campylobacter spread rapidly and cross-contaminated turkeys throughout the growout house. For both Salmonella and Campylobacter, naturally occurring strains that were first isolated in control groups at wk 3 and 4, respectively, outcompeted marker strains several wk post inoculation and persisted in the flock. The most common naturally occurring strains were C. jejuni (tetracycline resistant), C. coli (kanamycin resistant), and S. Agona. Campylobacter and Salmonella also were isolated from flies and from a mouse, confirming the importance of proper pest control and biosecurity to reduce the spread of the bacteria. 相似文献
15.
Wallmann J Schröer U Kaspar H 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2007,120(9-10):452-463
In the study 2004/2005, the current quantitative resistance level of Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus from chickens and turkeys was determined for the first time within the framework of the National Resistance Monitoring of the Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety (BVL).The objective was to implement a valid database on the basis of which the development and spread of resistance can be evaluated and monitored. During the investigation period from January 2004 to February 2005,927 strains were collected and 857 (92%) bacteria strains which corresponded to the specifications of the study protocol were tested with the broth microdilution method to determine the in vitro susceptibility (minimum inhibitory concentration) to 22 to 28 antimicrobial agents or antibiotic combinations. The results document a prevalence of resistance that exceeds that of bacterial pathogens of other animal species, especially in the case of tetracycline. Apart for S. aureus, clinical resistance to fluoroquinolones can still be considered low in poultry pathogens (E. coli approx. 2%). By applying the MICG of 4 mg/L for enrofloxacin, a susceptibility of approximately 78 % was calculated for S. aureus. A comparison of the prevalence of resistance between chickens and turkeys, showed that a slightly higher prevalence of resistance can be expected in turkeys. Differences between the susceptibility data of chicks and adult animals could only be found in turkeys. In the case of E. coli, the prevalence of resistance of strains isolated from adult turkeys was up to 10% higher than those isolated from chicks for the corresponding antimicrobial agents. It must be pointed out that the number of E. coli strains from adult turkeys was much higher (n = 194) than the number from turkey chicks (n = 21). The results indicate clearly that in a resistance monitoring system it is necessary to categorise poultry by animal species (chicken, turkey) as well as by production stage and type (broiler, laying hen), so that the epidemiology of resistance can be correctly represented and evaluated. This information is the basis for the development of long-term management options for minimizing antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, the knowledge of prevailing resistance levels in Germany is a valuable tool for veterinary practitioners when determining an empirical therapy.The data collected by the BVL make an important contribution to the optimisation of the safety of food from animals, and thus to improving consumer protection. 相似文献
16.
Starcic M Johnson JR Stell AL van der Goot J Hendriks HG van Vorstenbosch C van Dijk L Gaastra W 《Veterinary microbiology》2002,85(4):361-377
Twenty-four haemolytic Escherichia coli strains were isolated from dogs with diarrhea. The strains were serotyped and analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genes encoding virulence factors associated with E. coli that cause diarrhea in animals. Adhesion antigen production was deduced from haemagglutination experiments. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of heat extracts was also used as an indication for the production of adhesive structures. The majority of the strains was shown to produce this type of virulence factor. Adhesion and invasion tests of the strains and Caco-2 cells showed that all strains adhered and that two were invasive. The two invasive strains were positive in the intimin PCR and one of them also contained genes encoding CS31A. The PCR for heat stable toxin (ST) was positive in only four strains, as was the presence of F17 fimbrial genes. Surprisingly, 19 strains had intact P fimbrial operons, coding for an adhesin involved in urinary tract infection (UTI). The cytotoxic necrotising factor 1 (CNF1) gene, also mainly found in UTI was likewise detected in these 19 strains. Cytolethal distending toxin (Cdt) genes were found in five strains. The high number of strains positive for CNF1 and P fimbriae prompted us to test the strains in a multiplex PCR used to test E. coli isolated from UTI in various species for 30 virulence associated genes. The data showed that the majority of the diarrhea isolates have virulence factor profiles highly similar to UTI E. coli isolates from dogs. This raises the question whether these isolates are real intestinal pathogens or "innocent bystanders". However, since CNF1 producing necrotoxic E. coli (NTEC) strains isolated from humans, pigs and calves with diarrhea appear to be highly related to our strains, it might be that in dogs this type of isolate is capable of causing not only UTI, but also diarrhea. If this is the case and this type of isolate is "bifunctional", domestic animals likely constitute a reservoir of NTEC strains which can be also pathogenic for humans. 相似文献
17.
腹泻犊牛大肠埃希菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对陕西省某奶牛场一起犊牛腹泻病例进行诊断和治疗。无菌采集腹泻犊牛肝脏和脾脏组织进行微生物学检测、小鼠致病性试验和药敏试验。结果显示,被检测病料中,牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)、牛腺病毒7型(BAdV-7)、牛冠状病毒(BCoV)、牛轮状病毒(BRV)检测结果均为阴性;分别从脾脏和肝脏组织分离培养到2株细菌,其培养特性和生化试验结果与大肠埃希菌高度相似,16S rRNA基因测序结果与大肠埃希菌的同源性为100%;动物致病性试验显示,分离菌能致试验小鼠死亡;药敏试验结果显示,该菌对左氧氟沙星、庆大霉素高度敏感,对头孢呋辛、恩诺沙星不敏感;临床选择敏感药物左氧氟沙星进行治疗,犊牛腹泻很快得到控制。 相似文献
18.
M Sneyers C Thiriart C Buryns A.-F Lambert C Collignon A Schwers P Coppe H Antoine J.D Franssen J Urbain L Karelle-Bui P.-P Pastoret 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1989,12(4):95-104
Monoclonal antibodies have been produced against the 81/36F strain of rotavirus. One of them, was chosen as diagnostic reagent: it showed high ELISA reactivity with all the bovine, human and porcine rotavirus strains tested and reacted with VP6, structural protein product known to support the common rotavirus antigen.
A sandwich ELISA procedure using the chosen monoclonal as “capture and detecting” antibody was performed to detect rotavirus in faecal samples from experimentally inoculated newborn calves: it always gave a negative response with meconium and a positive response for the stool specimens which rotavirus have been isolated. This assay was compared with Enzygnost and Slidex Rota Kit tests and with a non-commercial sandwich ELISA test using polyclonal antibodies: it showed more sensitivity than the agglutination test and was as sensitive as the other two tests to detect rotavirus in routine diagnostic material. The test evaluated showed no equivocal results. 相似文献
19.
Study of virus excretion in feces of diarrheic and asymptomatic calves infected with rotavirus 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
D Archambault G Morin Y Elazhary R S Roy 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1990,37(1):73-76
Infection of calves by rotavirus could lead to diarrhea or subclinical disease. Therein, kinetic of viral excretion from a group of asymptomatic calves, previously exposed to a virulent strain of rotavirus, is compared to that of a group the calves of which had diarrhea associated with rotavirus infection. As determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), duration of rotavirus shedding in feces and maximum yield of virus antigen were similar within the two groups of calves. Rotaviruses isolated from the two above groups of animals were antigenically related as shown by neutralization tests, and showed a similar RNA electrophoretic profile. In conclusion, it is likely that both asymptomatic and diarrheic calves infected by rotavirus are equally a major source of contamination to contact healthy calves. 相似文献
20.
The pathogenicity and transmission of a field isolate of reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) was studied using an experimental model in Japanese quail. Oncogenicity was also evaluated after inoculations in chickens and turkeys. The original REV (designated APC-566) was isolated from Attwater's prairie chickens (Tympanuchus cupido attwateri), an endangered wild avian species of the southern United States. The transmissibility of the REV isolate was studied in young naive Japanese quail in contact with experimentally infected quail. Vertical transmission was not detected by virus isolation and indirect immunofluorescence. Seroconversion was detected in few contact quails, suggesting horizontal transmission. The APC-566 isolate induced tumors beginning at 6 wk of age in quails infected as embryos. Most of the tumors detected in Japanese quail were lymphosarcomas, and 81% of these neoplasias contained CD3+ cells by immunoperoxidase. REV APC-566 was also oncogenic in chickens and turkeys infected at 1 day of age, with tumors appearing as early as 58 days after infection in chickens and at 13 wk of age in turkeys. This study was conducted in part as an attempt to understand the potential for pathogenicity and transmission of REV isolated from endangered avian species. 相似文献