共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵/丙烯酰胺共聚物溶液性质研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)和丙烯酰胺(AM)合成了阳离子聚合物P(DMCAM), IR和1H NMR谱图证实了提纯产物为DMC和AM的共聚物.通过粘度法对聚合物溶液的基本性质进行研究,得出以下结论:聚合物溶液的特性粘数随聚合物浓度增加先降低后增加,提出了外加盐对聚合物溶液粘度产生影响的模型;比浓粘度随盐中阳离子半径的增加而减小,而随阴离子半径的增大而增大;所合成的聚合物在酸中较稳定,在碱中很容易降解;DMC单体的加入大大提高了聚合物的耐温性能;该聚合物的pH值在4～9范围内对膨润土模拟污水有很好的絮凝能力,并能满足目前油田中碳酸盐岩中高温油水井酸化缓速的要求. 相似文献
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保水剂对玉米产量性状和产量的影响 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
试验选择玉米为指示作物,采用小区试验和大田对比试验相结合的方法,研究几种保水剂对干旱气候条件下玉米产量性状和产量的影响。小区试验结果表明,浙江建德“绿洲”超强保水剂增产效果极显著(F=21.83),使玉米增产9.73%。大田对比试验结果表明,保定“科翰98”高效抗旱保水剂增产效果最佳,使玉米增产25.9%～26.3%。 相似文献
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为鉴别保水剂对不同作物水分利用效率及产值的影响,以便于保水剂的应用与推广,在干旱半干旱区选择了西瓜、马铃薯和玉米3种作物,在干旱区选择了春小麦、向日葵、玉米和番茄4种作物,以不同作物不施保水剂为对照,分析比较了不同作物施用保水剂的水分利用效率、水分产出率、产量和产值。结果表明干旱半干旱区西瓜的增产值最大,但马铃薯的增值率最高且节水效果最好。干旱区向日葵的增产值最大,但玉米的增值率略高于向日葵且有很好的节水效果。根据不同作物施用保水剂的水分利用效率和增产值情况,建议干旱半干旱区推广、应用保水剂应优先选择马铃薯、西瓜,干旱区应优先选择向日葵、玉米。 相似文献
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A method of increasing cow milk production using new-type polymer additives has been tested. The objective of this research was to study the influence of a high-molecular water-soluble polymer with a molecular weight of 1 × 107 Da, a linear molecular structure, and a viscosity of 20 to 100 mm2/s on cow milk production. The polymer was introduced into the diet together with concentrated feed during the dry and postcalving periods. The additive increased the cow milk productivity by 9% and insignificantly increased the density of milk and the content of fat, protein, and some macro- and microelements. 相似文献
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Bras W Derbyshire GE Bogg D Cooke J Elwell MJ Komanschek BU Naylor S Ryan AJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1995,267(5200):996-999
The simultaneous time-resolved study of structure development and reaction kinetics during polymer processing is an experimental method that has great potential in developing a deeper understanding of the parameters that govern the formation of structure and therefore polymer properties. A combination of synchrotron radiation small-angle x-ray scattering and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy experiments have been performed on a series of model segmented block copolyurethanes. These studies confirm that the driving force for structure development in polyurethanes is the thermodynamics of phase separation rather than hydrogen bonding. 相似文献
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[目的]建立1种在实际样品中快速检测残留红霉素的方法。[方法]采用沉淀聚合法制备红霉素分子印迹聚合物,考察了不同分散相对分子印迹聚合物制备及其对吸附性能的影响,并通过Scatchard模型进一步评价了聚合物的吸附特性,探究了红霉素分子印迹聚合物在其结构类似物及实际食品样品中常见抗生素的吸附特异性,并对牛奶和鸡蛋样品进行了加标回收试验。[结果]当模板分子、功能单体、交联剂的比例为1∶4∶20时,印迹聚合物的吸附性能最好,印迹因子能达到3.45,该方法制得的印迹聚合物达到吸附平衡的时间只需要5 h,平衡时的吸附量达到56μg/g,大大缩短了沉淀聚合法制得的聚合物所需的平衡时间。在实际样品中的平均回收率为82.99%~98.09%。[结论]该研究为红霉素的快速检测提供了新方法,简化了检测步骤,提高了检测效率,具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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采用分子印迹技术合成了对农药精喹禾灵有高选择性的印迹聚合物. 该聚合物以精喹禾灵为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)作为自由基引发剂.用紫外光谱和红外光谱对印迹聚合物性能进行了研究.对不同底物的结合实验结果表明 ,该聚合物对精喹禾灵具有良好的选择性吸附.Sc atchard分析表明,精喹禾灵与MAA形成两类不同的结合位点, 离解常数分别为Kd1=8 ×10-5 mol/L和Kd2=1.34×103 mol/L.该聚合物对精喹禾灵呈现出高的选择性,有明显的开发应用价值. 相似文献
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为了解决混凝土构件中钢筋锈蚀问题,可以用碳纤维聚合物筋替代钢筋作为增强材料,与混凝土共同受力.为研究这类构件的力学性能,以普通钢筋作非预应力筋,以碳纤维增强聚合物筋作无黏结预应力筋,制作了4根无黏结部分预应力混凝土简支梁,完成了试验梁的4点弯曲加载试验.通过有限元分析了这类梁的受力性能.结果表明:试验结果与有限元分析结果吻合良好.基于试验与分析数据,提出了这类构件正截面承载力的计算公式和刚度的计算公式. 相似文献
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V. V. Bydanova 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2017,43(1):57-60
The objective of this paper was to study in vitro the complexing ability of anionic polyelectrolyte in relation to model protein to develop a new type of polymeric feed additive for agricultural animals. It has been established that the investigated polymer with a molecular weight of 1 × 106 forms interpolymer complexes with model protein, namely, bovine serum albumin (BSA). The degree of the formation of these complexes significantly depends on the acidity of the medium and the ratio of components. It has been established that these complexes are formed in a wide interval of the ratio of components, i.e., both in the excess of protein in relation to polymer and in the excess of polymer in relation to protein. It has been revealed that 2.0–2.5% of BSA is complexed under conditions that are similar to the conditions of ruminant forestomachs at reaction medium pH 5.0–6.5 and a polymer-to-protein weight ratio of approximately 0.3 × 10–3. 相似文献
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不同粒径保水剂对土壤水分及燕麦生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以燕麦燕科1号为材料,研究不同粒径保水剂对土壤水分及燕麦生长的影响.结果表明,不同粒径保水剂均可提高0～100 cm土层土壤质量含水量,10～60 cm各土层各处理差异较明显;施用保水剂可明显提高燕麦株高、叶面积指数和干物质积累量,其中以小粒径保水剂效果较佳;保水剂能提高燕麦穗数、穗粒数和千粒质量,从而显著(P＜0.01)提高燕麦产量,大小粒径保水剂分别比对照增产12.65％和16.61％;大小粒径保水剂均可显著(P＜0.01)提高燕麦水分利用效率,分别比对照增加15.12％和23.56％.说明,小粒径保水剂在提高当地土壤水分和促进燕麦生长方面优于大粒径保水剂. 相似文献
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Verbiest T Burland DM Jurich MC Lee VY Miller RD Volksen W 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1995,268(5217):1604-1606
The thermal stability of the electric field induced poled order in a new class of second-order optically nonlinear polymers, "donor-imbedded" side-chain polyimides containing no flexible connectors or tethers to the nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophore, is investigated. In these polymers, the electron-donor part of the chromophore is a diaryl-substituted amine that is incorporated as a part of the polymer backbone. The donorimbedded systems used in this study have exceptional chemical stabilities at elevated temperatures (350 degrees C) and impressive poled order stability at extremely high temperatures (300 degrees C). In both respects, they were significantly more stable than a true side-chain polyimide with a similar NLO-active chromophore covalently linked to the polymer backbone by a flexible tether group. 相似文献
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This work presents the fabrication of biologically inspired artificial compound eyes. The artificial ommatidium, like that of an insect's compound eyes, consists of a refractive polymer microlens, a light-guiding polymer cone, and a self-aligned waveguide to collect light with a small angular acceptance. The ommatidia are omnidirectionally arranged along a hemispherical polymer dome such that they provide a wide field of view similar to that of a natural compound eye. The spherical configuration of the microlenses is accomplished by reconfigurable microtemplating, that is, polymer replication using the deformed elastomer membrane with microlens patterns. The formation of polymer waveguides self-aligned with microlenses is also realized by a self-writing process in a photosensitive polymer resin. The angular acceptance is directly measured by three-dimensional optical sectioning with a confocal microscope, and the detailed optical characteristics are studied in comparison with a natural compound eye. 相似文献
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Coexisting polymer phases are characterized by very small interfacial energies, even well below their critical solution temperature. This situation should readily lead to the exclusion of one of the phases from any interface that favors the other. Such complete wetting behavior from a binary mixture of statistical olefinic copolymers is reported. By means of a self-regulating geometry, it is found that the thickness of a wetting layer of one of the phases at the polymer-air interface, growing from the other coexisting phase, attains macroscopic dimensions, increasing logarithmically with time. These results indicate that binary polymer mixtures could be attractive models for the study of wetting phenomena. 相似文献
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[目的]研究絮凝调理对河道疏浚底泥的脱水性能影响。[方法]采用不同类型的絮凝剂(无机类絮凝剂PAC和高分子类絮凝剂PAM)对疏浚底泥进行脱水试验研究,分析它们对疏浚底泥的脱水性能。[结果]BM3型高分子絮凝剂(PAM)具有较好的调理性能,最佳配制浓度为0.1%,最适投加量为180 mg/L。采用无机类絮凝剂(PAC)和高分子类絮凝剂(PAM)复配投加的方法,絮凝沉淀所形成的矾花密实,其最适投加量分别为800、150 mg/L。[结论]该研究为疏浚底泥的脱水干化提供了可行的参考。 相似文献
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不同栽培基质的水分散失规律比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对比研究了进口基质与东北草炭,东北草炭与蛭石、珍珠岩配成的混合基质以及东北草炭与保水剂混合后在40℃恒温下的水分运动特性。结果表明:进口基质的保水性明显优于东北草炭;在东北草炭中加入20%的蛭石时,东北草炭的保水性能达到了与进口基质相类似的水平;而且在东北草炭中加入5 g.kg-1保水剂也能达到与进口基质相类似的水分散失曲线,从而为穴盘育苗基质的国产化和标准化生产奠定了基础。 相似文献
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高分子聚合物包膜复合肥对鸡冠花生长和氮素吸收的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过盆栽试验,研究了高分子聚合物包膜复合肥(CCF)一次性基施对鸡冠花生长及肥料氮素利用和淋失的影响。结果表明,苗期一次性基施该肥料,可以满足鸡冠花整个生育期对养分的需要;与普通复合肥相比,可以显著提高肥料中氮素的利用效率,减少氮素淋失,延长花卉的观赏期,有明显的节肥作用。此外,通过实验室水浸泡法测定,该肥料养分溶出规律与进口同类花卉专用肥相似,氮素养分溶出呈线性规律。 相似文献