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随着世界贸易组织的加入，我国畜产品市场将扩大开放，并按WTO有关条款及谈判中达成的协议实行自由贸易。在全球畜产品市场供大于求的前提下，我国畜产品如何经受住激烈的市场竞争？近期来，国内许多政府官员，经济学家及畜牧科技人员普遍认为我国畜产品（肉制品）除质量安全及卫生加工工艺等问题严重而缺乏国际市场竞争力外，但是生产成本及市场价格低，如1998年猪肉、羊肉价格比国际市场分别低57％和54％，牛肉低87％，因而加入WTO后有利于我国畜产品出口及畜牧业的发展。对此，笔者愿谈些个人认识，供同行商讨。1 我国畜产品生产成本 … 相似文献
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目前,我国畜产品出口存在诸多优势,这些优势符合WTO的SPS和TBT标准,国际市场中的畜产品价格,大多数呈几何级水平高于国内市场价格,出口畜产品能够获得高于国内消费的数倍利润。我国畜产品出口不足的主要原因是没有找准中国畜产品生产特质,将畜产品出口障碍的思维定式于国际市 相似文献
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在过去的20多年中．虽然我国养殖业生产有了很快的发展．畜禽饲养量和畜产品产量有了很大的提高．但我国的养殖业水平还不高．尤其是畜产品的卫生质量还存在着严峻的问题。虽然我国肉类总产量占世界肉类总产量的28％．但是我国出口的肉类仅占总产量的1％。我国的活猪．活鸡、冻肉的出口地方只有香港地区和东欧．而要向欧盟、日本、美国等地出口却非常困难．主要原因是我国畜产品的卫生质量不过关。要提高我国畜产品在国际市场的竞争能力和保障广大消费的身体健康．就要从提高畜产品卫生质量入手．采取有效措施．从根本上解决我国动物性食品安全问题。 相似文献
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近年来，中国多数畜产品国内市场趋于饱和，开拓国际市场发展外向型畜牧业是农业增效、农民增收的一条重要途径。特别是加入WTO后，为我国禽产品出口创造了更多的机会。但是由于我国禽病的监控、预防水平相对比较落后，家禽的疫病已成为制约我国养禽业发展的主要因素，更成为制约我国禽产品出口的最大障碍，而发达国家的绿色壁垒又进一步限制了我国畜产品出口，故需要认真分析，积极应对。 相似文献
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随着我国农业进入新阶段 ,人们的总体生活水平已由温饱迈向小康 ,国内消费市场对畜产品提出了安全、健康、优质、多样和多层次的新要求 ,近几年又兴起了绿色消费潮流。国际市场方面 ,随着我国加入WTO ,畜产品出口的关税壁垒虽有所降低 ,但绿色技术壁垒则越来越严格。在当前形势下 ,畜牧业生产实施标准化 ,有其以下历史必然性 :一、与国际市场接轨的需要加入世贸组织后 ,我国畜产品出口虽然具有一定的价格优势 ,但却面临着发达国家在安全、卫生、健康、环保等众多方面设置的越来越多的贸易技术壁垒。尤其是国际市场对畜产品提出了越来越具… 相似文献
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<正> 兔毛是我国出口创汇的骨干畜产品,数量占国际市场贸易总量的90％以上,主产区有苏、浙、沪、鲁、豫、皖等省市,常年出口数量5000吨左右,创汇1亿美元以上。 嘉兴从1954年开始出口兔毛,至今以 相似文献
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2002年是我国加入WTO的第一年，从我国畜禽产品进出口贸易总的情况看，一些发达国家如日本、欧盟等国设置高技术贸易壁垒对我国的畜禽产品出口产生了不利影响。近日农业部公布的数字显示，今年我国畜产品出口减少。1-11月畜产品累计出口25.5亿美元，同比下降44％；累计进口19.2亿美元，同比增长6％。根据国家有关部门近日公布的材料，对我国2002年畜禽产品进出口贸易及国际市场贸易状况作一汇总。 相似文献
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近年来，中国多数畜产品的国内市场趋于饱和，开拓国际市场发展外向型畜牧业是农业增效、农民增收的一条重要途径。但是，中国加入世贸组织后，畜产品出口却履履受阻，主要原因是发达国家的绿色壁垒限制了我国畜产品出口。在当前我国的养殖形势下，养殖利润下降、畜产品出口限制增多、疫病流行严重，粗放的防疫措施早已不能满足当前畜牧养殖业发展的需要。因此，提高整体防疫水平，有效控制药残，无疑将是我国畜禽生产面临的当务之急。 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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