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1.
刺参不同部位中主要营养成分分析与评价   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5  
本文对刺参不同部位(体肇、肠和卵)中的主要营养成分进行了研究.结果表明:刺参属于高蛋白质食品,且肠和卵的蛋白质含量高于体壁;富含人体所必需的铜、铁、锰、锌等元素,这些元素更易在肠中富集;δ-维生素E在刺参中含量丰富,以肠中最高;体壁中酸性粘多糖含量较高,为5.03%;氨基酸组成全面,鲜昧氨基酸的含量丰富,体壁中羟脯氨酸含量很高,为4.20%,是动物胶原蛋白的主要成分;鉴定出23种脂肪酸,必需脂肪酸含量高,尤其C20:5 n3(EPA)在肠中高达16.06%.因此.刺参具有较高的营养价值和一定的药用价值.[动物营养学报,2010,22(1):212-220][中文全文见<动物营养学报>网站(www.china.JAN.com)中文版2010年22卷1期]  相似文献   

2.
Three Merino ewes were given cefotaxime IM, and 3 were given cefotaxime subcutaneously (50 mg/kg of body weight each); each dose was suspended in 6 ml of oil. Five dogs were also given an oily suspension of cefotaxime subcutaneously (SC) (50 mg/kg of body weight). The plasma concentrations (Cp) and pharmacokinetic data obtained after cefotaxime in the oily suspension was injected IM and SC were compared with data from the same animals after they were given an aqueous solution of cefotaxime by the same routes. Key pharmacokinetic values obtained after cefotaxime was administered IV to sheep and to dogs are discussed. Mean peak Cp (Cpeak) in sheep when given the oily suspension IM was approximately 53 micrograms/ml at 0.18 to 0.40 hour, and that value in sheep given the aqueous preparation was 62 micrograms/ml 0.08 to 0.18 hour. Mean Cpeak values after the oily suspension and the aqueous preparation were injected SC were 11.0 micrograms/ml (between 0.8 and 1 hour) and 51 micrograms/ml (between 0.25 and 1 hour), respectively. Bioavailabilities were approximately 70% after IM injection was done and 90% after SC injection was done. The beta-plasma half-lives were 0.7 hour after IM injection was done and 2.9 hours after SC injection was done. Mean Cpeak in dogs when given the oily suspension SC was 30 micrograms/ml at 1.0 hour, and when dogs were given the aqueous preparation SC, Cpeak was 27 micrograms/ml at 0.6 hour. Absorption was virtually complete after the oily suspension and aqueous preparations were given.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

3.
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4.
A method was developed to detect neutrophil phagocytosis of bacteria by determining whether neutrophil-associated bacteria were intra- or extracellular. Neutrophils were treated with 8-(N,N-diethylamino)-octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride to inhibit degranulation and, consequently, killing of bacteria. Treated neutrophils and opsonized Pasteurella multocida were combined. Following phagocytosis, the suspensions were centrifuged and the pellets were washed to remove non-cell-associated bacteria. The pellets were resuspended and heparin was added to prevent further phagocytosis. Samples were removed, and the number of viable bacteria was determined by a dilution and plate count technique. Streptomycin, an antibiotic that is poorly taken up by neutrophils, was added to kill extracellular bacteria, and the suspensions were incubated for 20 minutes at 37 C, and samples were removed again and bacterial numbers were determined. Percentage killing of bacteria by streptomycin was calculated. Phagocytosed bacteria were protected from the bactericidal action of streptomycin.  相似文献   

5.
2006年在青海省海西州德令哈市洋嘉生态农业开发有限公司进行了绵羊胚胎移植试验,试验中同期发情和超数排卵处理青海高原毛肉兼用半细毛羊共86只,同期发情率达88.37%,其中将超排效果好的11只羊做为胚胎移植受体羊,同时处理供体羊特克赛尔羊7只。试验结果:11只受体羊平均超数排卵点2.8个/只,7只供体羊平均超数排卵11.9枚,取卵9.7枚,卵子受精率17.65%,移植12枚胚胎,其中1只受体羊移植双胚,最后观察到移植的11只受体羊中妊娠5只,产羔5只(移双胚的羊产1只羊羔),移植受胎率达45.45%,羔羊成活率达100%。  相似文献   

6.
Four of eight red deer calves which had been artificially reared and were lungworm free were vaccinated with bovine lungworm oral vaccine when eight weeks old; the other four were not vaccinated. Three of each category were challenged daily with 500 Dictyocaulus viviparus infective stage larvae per kg liveweight for 17 days when six months old while one in each category was left as an unchallenged control. The effects of challenge were monitored and all challenged deer and one control were killed for post mortem assessment. Challenge with D viviparus was associated with reduced food intakes and weight gains but vaccinated calves were less affected than unvaccinated ones. The reaction of the alveolar tissue of red deer lung to D viviparus was mild in vaccinated and unvaccinated animals and differed from that of bovine lung in that alveolar epithelialisation was limited and hyaline membrane formation and interstitial emphysema were not seen. The disease was most evident in and around airways and was less in vaccinated calves. It was concluded that young red deer are tolerant to D viviparus but will readily acquire infection.  相似文献   

7.
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8.
【Objective】 This study was intend to obtain cathepsin L1(rFgCat L1) specific monoclonal antibody and construct the double antibody sandwich ELISA.【Method】 Five BALB/c mice were immunized with 1 mg/mL rFgCat L1 protein for four times.Mouse splenocytes were isolated and fused with SP2/0 cells to construct hybridoma cells.Strong positive hybridoma cell lines were screened, 1×106 cells were injected intraperitoneally per mouse to prepare monoclonal antibodies.Antibody titer and antigenic epitope were detected using ELISA method, antibody subtype and specificity were identified using Western blotting method.The double antibody sandwich ELISA was constructed by combining the anti-rFgCat L1 polyclonal antibody, and its sensitivity and specificity were tested.The positive and negative critical value was screened by 20 negative sera with positive control, and the constructed double antibody sandwich ELISA was verified by 47 goat positive sera and 47 dairy cow positive sera.【Result】 After immunization, the antibody titers in serum of 4 mice were all more than 104.After isolated mouse with the highest immune response spleen cells were fused with SP2/0 cells total of 8 of them were positive cell lines were obtained after selective culture.5D5 and 7G6 were identified as strong positive strains with stable antibody secretion.After multiple subcloning screens and subcultures, the antibodies secreted in the cell supernatant were stable, with titers of 29 and 210 respectively, with ascites titers of 107 and 108.Western blotting and antibody subtype identification kits identified that the two antibodies were IgG1 type and the light chain was kappa type, both of which could specifically bind FgESP.According to the same antigen site was recognized by the two kinds of antibodies, the antigen titer of the two monoclonal antibodies were comparied, 7G6 was used as the coating antibody, and anti-rFgCat L1 was used as the enzyme-labeled secondary antibody.The optimized condition of method was that 7G6 was coated at a concentration of 2 μg/mL, the dilution concentration of anti-rFgCat L1 polyclonal antibody was 25 μg/mL, the dilution of Don-HRP-conjugated was 1∶4 000, 5% skimmed milk powder was selected as the blocking solution and the color development time was 25 min.The method was proved that could recognize the lowest antigen concentration of 0.625 μg/mL, also could specifically recognize antigen of Fasciola fasciatus.The constructed sandwich ELISA method was used for antigen detection of 47 dairy cow positive serum and 47 goat positive serum infective samples kept in the laboratory and the positive antigen rate were 72.3% and 78.7%, respectively.【Conclusion】 Anti-rFgCat L1 monoclonal antibody was successfully prepared and the double-sheet sandwich ELISA method for fascioliasis was constructed, which provided a good theoretical basis and material basis for the development of low-cost and rapid diagnostic kits.  相似文献   

9.
It was aimed to lay a foundation for epidemiological survey of porcine circovirus type 2(PCV2) in Liaoning province and selection of highly homologous strain inactivated vaccine.Some pigs suspected of having postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) from Shenyang,Chaoyang,Tieling,Dalian and other places in Liaoning province,were detected by PCR method,then the whole genome of 10 positive samples were cloned and sequenced.The result showed that all of them were virulent strains,9 strains were 1767 bp and 1 strain was 1768 bp,and there was a T base additon at 1039 bp.The nucleotide homology was 95.1% to 98.5% with HM038034 and JQ692110.In the phylogenetic tree,JHZ2 was PCV2a type,the other 9 strains were PCV2b type,DLS38,LYD32 and SYX7 were in the same branch and same onset time.The amino acid homology of ORF2 was 89.6% to 100.0%,there were 35 mutation points,large degree of variation,the only glycosylation site (NYS) was conserved.10 strains did not change significantly,mutants were not due to PCVD,PCV2b was the predominant type,and PCV2 was related with seasonality.  相似文献   

10.
选择60头长白×大蒲莲猪杂种商品猪,研究其生长肥育性能、胴体品质和肉质特性。结果表明,60头试验猪35~100kg阶段平均日增重688.39g,料重比2.79。4头屠宰测定,宰前重95.25kg,胴体瘦肉率60.22%;肉质优良,肉色和大理石纹评分分别为3.45、3.33,pH为6.38,滴水损失较低为1.57%,剪切力较小为46.80N,肌内脂肪含量较高为3.78%。每100g背最长肌中氨基酸总量、鲜味氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸含量分别为22.09g、17.11g、9.14g,鲜味氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比例和必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比例分别为77.45%和41.35%,肌肉营养价值较高。背最长肌的棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸和亚油酸含量分别为24.90%、12.53%、44.58%和8.18%。  相似文献   

11.
对湖南农业大学苎麻(Boehmeria nivea)资源圃内120份饲用苎麻株高、叶尖、雌蕊色、叶形、叶色、叶缘锯齿、托叶等的植物学性状进行观测,并在其中选定20份生物产量较高的苎麻品种进行营养品种测定,对植物学和品质性状进行归类和分析。结果表明:不同苎麻资源植物学性状差异较大,按不同性状分类为,株高4类、叶尖4类、雌蕊色6类、叶形3类、叶色4类、叶缘锯齿4类、托叶4类。苎麻叶片的粗蛋白含量普遍较高,绝大多数品种的叶粗蛋白含量在19%以上,最高的达到了23.69%,且大部分品种纤维素含量在20%左右,适宜做牧草。  相似文献   

12.
In the study, it was aimed to reveal the structure of the knee joint anatomically and morphometrically in the wild pig known as the ancestor of the domestic pig. In the study, the left and right knee joints of mature 10 wild boars were used as material. For this purpose, the materials were fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution. Macroanatomical and morphometrical examinations of bones, menisci and ligaments involved in joint formation were performed after fixation. Trochlea and condyles of femur were examined, and various measurements were made. Trochlear labia were found to be the same size, and the condyles did not show a significant difference in size. The shape of lateral condyle of the tibia was trapezoid, and the shape of medial condyle was triangular. Moreover, the lateral intercondylar tubercule was higher according to the medial one. The presence of a shallow groove on the tibial tuberosity was detected. It was found that the width difference between apex and base was more pronounced on the anterior and lateral surface of the patella. Joint surface of the fibula was found to be flat in all materials. The menisci were ‘C’ shape, but the medial meniscus is more convex than the lateral one. It was observed that the outer edges were thick, while the inner edges were thin. Ligaments of the knee joint were well developed. When the findings of the study were compared with the literature, domestication seemed to have no significant effect in terms of the morphologic properties of the knee joint of wild boar.  相似文献   

13.
Gentamicin was administered IM to 6 healthy, mature, lactating cows at a dosage of 3.5 or 5 mg/kg of body weight every 8 hours for 10 consecutive days (total, 30 doses). Endometrial biopsies were done at 72, 136 or 144, and 216 hours after the first dose was administered. On the 10th day, just before the last dose of gentamicin was administered, blood samples (designated 10th-day base-line samples) were obtained, and serial blood samples were obtained for 144 hours after the last injection was given. The cows were catheterized on the 10th day, and urine was obtained for 10 to 18 consecutive hours. Milk samples were also obtained. The cows were slaughtered at different times after the last dose was given, and samples were taken from 22 tissues and organs. Serum, milk, urine, and tissue gentamicin concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay. Serum gentamicin concentrations were best fitted to a 2-compartment open model. The mean half-lives for absorption, distribution, and elimination were 0.16 +/- 0.14, 2.59 +/- 0.53, and 44.91 +/- 9.38 hours, respectively. Total body clearance and renal clearance were 1.65 +/- 0.69 and 1.32 +/- 0.25 ml/min/kg, respectively. The percentage of the dose excreted unchanged in the urine at 8 hours after the last dose was given was 98 +/- 15. As expected, of the tissues examined, the gentamicin concentrations in the kidney cortex and medulla were 1,500 times greater than those in serum. Renal function remained within the baseline range during the 10 days of gentamicin treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

14.
This study was aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and phylogenetic evolution in Xianglushan chicken.The full-length sequences of mitochondrial DNA D-Loop (mtDNA D-Loop) region of 121 Xianglushan chickens were analyzed by PCR amplification combined with bidirectional sequencing,and the composition,variation and maternal origin of mtDNA D-Loop region were discussed.The results showed that the total length of mtDNA D-Loop region in Xianglushan chicken was 1 231-1 233 bp.The contents of A,T,C and G were 26.62%,33.55%,26.49% and 13.34%,respectively.The content of T was the highest,the content of G was the lowest,and the content of A+T was significantly higher than that of G+C,it indicated that region might have certain base hobbies.Analysis of 121 full-length sequences were found to coexist in 11 haplotypes and 26 mutation sites,of which 2 were single polymorphic information sites,24 were simple information sites,4 bases were inserted and 2 bases were missing.The genetic diversity analysis results showed that the haplotype diversity was 0.814,the nucleotide diversity was 0.00447,the average nucleic acid difference was 5.494,which indicated that the genetic diversity of Xianglushan chicken was relatively rich,the effect of preservation was better,which had a certain breeding space.Tajima's D was 0.39378 and the test results were not significant (P>0.10),in line with neutral mutations.The cluster analysis results showed that Xianglushan chicken and Gallus gallus gathered as one,indicating that Xianglushan chicken originated from Gallus gallus, and there were 4 branches inside the branch,indicating that Xianglushan chicken had many matrilineal origins.The results could provide some reference data for the protection and exploitation of pheasant germplasm resources in Xianglushan chicken.  相似文献   

15.
A holstein calf with congenital chondrodysplastic dwarfism was histopathologically examined. The head of the calf was relatively flat giving a dog-like appearance with its short nose and sloping forehead. Limb bones were dumbbell-like with short diaphysis and hypertrophied metaphyses. Bone marrow was pale, whitish and fatty. In the metaphyseal plates most of chondrocytes were pyknotic with swollen and ghost-like cytoplasm, and were irregularly arranged. Column of calcified cartilage were poorly formed losing comb-like structure. Bone marrow was ischemic with poor hematopoiesis and was moderately replaced by adipose tissue. In articular cartilage, most of chondrocytes were degenerated with ghost-like cytoplasm. Many cartilage canals and occasional bone marrow-like structure were formed. The characteristics lesions of the calf were chondrodysplasia and dyshematopoiesis.  相似文献   

16.
经确诊为临床型乳房炎的96只波尔羊作为研究对象,分为两组,每组48只,分别采用纯中药涂剂和青、链霉素治疗。试验结果显示:纯中药涂剂治疗临床型乳房炎波尔羊48例,治愈37例,治愈率77%,好转9例,无效2例,总有效率95.8%;用青、链霉素共治疗48例,治愈28例,治愈率58.3%,好转12例,无效8例,总有效率83.3%。经检验,纯中药涂剂对波尔羊临床乳房炎的治愈率、总有效率明显高于青、链霉素(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

17.
The radiological features of 65 rabbits with suspected renal disease are reviewed. The radiological features included a generalised increase in bone opacity (osteosclerosis), renomegaly, nephroliths, ureteroliths and soft tissue mineralisation. One or more of these changes were present on radiographs of 57 of the 65 rabbits. Renal disease was suspected because of the clinical signs and the presence of kidney stones and/or high blood concentrations of urea and creatinine. Significant renal disease was confirmed in 14 cases that were examined postmortem. Blood urea and creatinine concentrations were measured in 47 cases but not all the rabbits had high levels of both. Blood calcium concentration was high in 33 of the 38 rabbits in which it was measured. Serum phosphate was high in 17 and low in five of 34 rabbits in which it was measured. Hyperphosphataemia was associated with generalised osteosclerosis and aortic calcification. Rabbits with osteosclerosis were thin, depressed and unwilling to move. Thirty-eight of 41 rabbits that were tested were seropositive for antibodies to Encephalitozoon cuniculi. Histological lesions suggestive of E cuniculi infection were found in all 13 cases that were examined postmortem, although the organisms were visible in only one case.  相似文献   

18.
Bacterial culture and susceptibility results were analysed from 233 horses with septic arthritis/tenosynovitis or osteomyelitis that developed after fracture repair. Antibiotics were deemed highly effective, effective or ineffective if > or = 85%, 70-84.9% or < 70% of the isolates were susceptible respectively. In total, 424 bacterial types were isolated; 386 were aerobic or facultative and 38 were anaerobic. Enterobacteriaceae (28.8%) were the most common bacterial group isolated, followed by non-beta-haemolytic streptococci (13.0%), coagulase-positive staphylococci (11.8%), beta-haemolytic streptococci (9.4%), and coagulase-negative staphylococci (7.3%). The remainder of the organisms were other Gram-negative (15.8%), other Gram-positive (2.3%) and miscellaneous (2.6%) bacteria. Penicillin and ampicillin were highly effective against beta-haemolytic streptococci, but were ineffective against other bacteria. Ampicillin was no more effective than penicillin against most bacteria. Amikacin was the most effective antibiotic against the wide range of bacteria isolated in this study. Amikacin was highly effective against coagulase-positive staphylococci, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas and was effective against coagulase-negative staphylococci and Actinobacillus. Gentamycin was not highly effective against any bacterial group; but was effective against coagulase-positive and negative staphylococci, Pseudomonas, Salmonella and Actinobacillus. Kanamycin was ineffective against all bacteria with the exception of Actinobacillus. Cephalothin was highly effective against beta-haemolytic streptococci, coagulase-positive staphylococci and Actinobacillus and was effective against coagulase-negative staphylococci.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

19.
Urine samples were obtained from 100 dogs with symptoms of lower urinary tract disease by cystocentesis and were examined for mycoplasmas. Urinalysis, haematological and biochemical analyses were also performed. Bacteria were isolated from urine in 41 of 100 dogs; Mycoplasma canis was isolated from four of 100 (4%) urine samples and three were pure culture. Selective mycoplasma media were used for isolation. In growth inhibition test, propagation of the four M. canis isolates was inhibited by their specific hyperimmune sera and there was no cross reactivity between isolates and hyperimmune sera of other mycoplasmas. Dogs in which M. canis was isolated were azotemic. All dogs were treated with enrofloxacin, furosemide, and supportive therapy (fluid therapy, ascorbic acid). In all animals, clinical improvements were observed after treatment.  相似文献   

20.
The ability of bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 (BVDV-1) to induce transplacental infection in pigs was evaluated. Control pigs (n = 4) were sham-inoculated while infected pigs (n = 4) were intranasally inoculated with BVDV-1 on day 65 of gestation. Blood samples were tested throughout the study for BVDV and antibody to BVDV. On day 110 of gestation, a Caesarean section was performed. Serum was obtained for virus isolation and antibody determination from all piglets, and all experimental animals were killed. Tissues were collected for virus isolation and histopathology. Bovine viral diarrhoea virus was isolated on days 5 and 7 after infection and seroconversion was demonstrated in all infected gilts; however, BVDV was only isolated from one fetus from an infected pig. Viraemia and seroconversion were demonstrated in the pregnant gilts; however, transplacental infection at day 65 of gestation in the pig was not consistently demonstrated.  相似文献   

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