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以葛氏鲈塘鳢（Perccottus glenii）的鳃、肾及肠细胞为材料,用空气干燥法制片,用Leica显微镜进行观察,依据Levan等（1964）的分类标准进行其染色体的数目及组型分析。结果表明葛氏鲈塘鳢的染色体数目为2n等于44条,n=22。染色体总臂数(NF)为82。其中,亚中部着丝点染色体为18对,亚端部着丝点染色体为1对,端部着丝点染色体为3对。核型公式为2n=36sm+2st+6t。根据染色体形态分析的结果,没有发现性染色体的存在。 相似文献
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采用耳组织成纤维细胞培养方法及常规染色体标本制备技术,对阿巴嘎黑马的染色体核型及G带进行了分析。结果显示,阿巴嘎黑马染色体数目为2n=64,雄性核型为64,XY;雌性核型为64,XX。其中1～13号染色体为中或亚中着丝粒染色体,14～31号染色体为端着丝粒染色体,X染色体则为2对大亚中着丝粒染色体,Y染色体为最小的端着丝粒染色体。另外,阿巴嘎黑马染色体G带明暗相间,且每对染色体都有其独特的带纹特征,其中部分染色体的G带与已报道的阿拉伯马的G带特征有明显差异。本研究首次在国内报道了阿巴嘎黑马染色体核型及G带特征,这将为阿巴嘎黑马的细胞遗传学研究和疾病诊断提供资料。 相似文献
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青海省家驴染色体核型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用外周血淋巴细胞培养方法和常规染色体制备分析技术，对青海省家驴染色体核型进行了研究分析。结果表明：家驴染色体数目为２ｎ＝６２，常染色体形态类型为１６ｓＴ＋１４ｓＭ＋１４Ｍ＋１６Ｔ，性染色体类型Ｘ为ｓＭ，Ｙ为Ｔ，公母驴染色体核型式为６２，ＸＹ和６２，ＸＸ；染色体总臂数为ＮＦ＝１０７（♂），１０８（♀）。 相似文献
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平邑甜茶与扎矮山定子杂交后代的倍性鉴定及核型分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了确定平邑甜茶[Malus hupehensis（Pamp.）Rehd]与扎矮山定子[Malus Baccata（L.）Borkh]杂交后代的倍性特征和核型特点,以风油精为预处理液采用常规压片法对杂交后代进行染色体数目观察和核型分析,以亲本和普通山定子为对照。结果表明：供试材料中6株皱叶型株系均为四倍体,2n=4x=68。染色体均为小型,染色体长度比差异不大,核型组成由中部着丝点染色体（m）和亚中部着丝点染色体（sm）组成。株系10#、14#、15#、19#、28#、33#核型公式分别为,2n=4x=44m＋24sm,2n=4x=60m＋8sm,2n=4x=20m＋48sm,2n=4x=52m＋16sm,2n=4x=56m＋12sm,2n=4x=48m＋20sm,核型分别为1B、2B、2A、2B、1A和1B类型;1株光叶株系为非整倍体,2n=43,核型公式为2n=22m＋18sm＋3st,核型为2B类型。表现为株系之间的核型不完全相同。试验为丰富无融合生殖型砧木的育种理论,获得新的苹果无融合生殖型砧木提供有益的借鉴。 相似文献
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研究了玉米８个亚种，２个亚型的核型。所有材料的根尖细胞染色体数目均为２ｎ＝２０，主要由中部和近中部着丝点染色体组成，第６对染色体短臂均具随体。但臂比值不同，可区分为Ａ１（ｍ染色体）、Ａ２（ｓｍ）、Ａ３（ｓｔ）三类。在核型中具中部着丝点染色体的数目，罕见栽培或原始类型多于广泛栽培的类型。玉米各亚种的核型进化的趋势是由对称向不对称方向发展。 相似文献
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纤毛鹅观草原变种与竖立鹅观草变种在我国广泛分布,是重要的小麦族野生种质资源。为了研究种间和居群间的染色体变异和遗传多样性,本研究对 15 份材料进行核型参数差异分析,发现所有材料均为中部着丝点染色体或近中部着丝点染色体,具 2 对随体染色体,分别为Ⅰ St 和 V Y ;平均臂比的变化范围为 1.21~1.40;染色体长度比的变化范围为 1.59~1.80;核不对称系数为 0.51~0.62,核型类型均为 2A。基于荧光原位杂交（FISH）的核型分析共发现 61 个 FISH 信号变异,其中 Y 染色体的变异（33）大于 St 染色体（28）,构建居群间的“核心 FISH 核型”能对 14 对染色体进行区分。结果表明纤毛鹅观草原变种与竖立鹅观草变种居群在细胞核型数据和（FISH）核型上均存在丰富的多样性。 相似文献
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The karyotype of Sesbania rostrata, a species endemic to West Africa, which produces nitrogen fixing, nodules on stem and branches, was analysed. The somatic chromosome number was 12 with two pairs of long, submetacentric and four pairs of short, metacentric chromosomes. The chromosome number in another species S. aculeata, which is well adapted as a green manure crop in India but not capable of stem nodulation, was also 2n = 12. The similarity between the chromosome complements of the two species indicates that they may be cross compatible. 相似文献
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野生一粒小麦(Triticum amyleum L)的染色体组型和带型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用植物有丝分裂染色体标本制作的新方法进行野生一粒小麦根尖细胞染色体组型的分析,初步结果如下:其二倍体数为14个(2n=14),全部染色体可配成7对同源染色体,均为中部或亚中部着丝点染色体,根据其大小,形状和着丝点位置可分为三组。并没有发现任何一个染色体的长臂和短臂上带有随体。同时还用 Giemsa 分带技术进行了染色 相似文献
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本文分析了5个拟直立型组和2个花生组野生种的染色体组型:7个种皆为二倍体2n=2x=20,染色体长度介于2.69～6.47μm之间,臂比为1.07～2.54;在10对染色体中,8、9对具中部着丝点,其他具近中部着丝点。根据染色体长度、臂比及随体的位置,可把每个种(系)中6～10对染色体加以区分。研究中还把染色体的臂比作为独立性状,分析了供试种(系)间的遗传距离(D~2)。其中拟直立型组5个种(系)间的D~2差异很大(0.136～11.523),说明该组在进化过程中染色体组型已出现较大分化和变异。拟直立型组与花生组在染色体组型上虽有一定相似性,但差异更显著,首先,花生组中“A”“B”两个标志染色体在拟直立型组中不存在,其次是对称性优于拟直立型组。文中对上述两个组的进化程度作了进一步的讨论。 相似文献
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A microsatellite marker linked to leaf rust resistance transferred from Aegilops triuncialis into hexaploid wheat 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Aegilops triuncialis (UUCC) is an excellent source of resistance to various wheat diseases, including leaf rust. Leaf rust‐resistant derivatives from a cross of a highly susceptible Triticum aestivum cv.‘WL711’ as the recurrent parent and Ae. triuncialis Ace.3549 as the donor and with and without a pair of acrocentric chromosomes were used for molecular tagging. The use of a set of sequence tagged microsatellite (STMS) markers already mapped to different wheat chromosomes unequivocally indicated that STMS marker gwm368 of chromosome 4BS was tightly linked to the Ae. triuncialis leaf rust resistance gene transferred to wheat. The presence of the Ae. Triuncialis‐specific STMS gwm368 homoeoallele along with the non‐polymorphic 4BS allele in the rust‐resistant derivatives with and without the acrocentric chromosome indicates that the resistance has been transferred from the acrocentric chromosome to either the A or the D genome of wheat. This alien leaf rust resistance gene has been temporarily named as LrTr. 相似文献
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Summary The chromosomal assignment of 64 PCR-amplified microsatellite loci and 29 additional fragments amplified by the same primer pairs is described for bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). The distribution over the different chromosomes and chromosome arms appears to be random. The highest proportion of microsatellite loci is found on the B genome, followed by the A and D genome. About half of the primer pairs amplified unique fragments, while the other half amplified additional fragments. 25% of the primer pairs, mostly designed to clones of a PstI-library, amplify fragments on homoeologous chromosomes. In some cases, more than one fragment on a single chromosome or fragments on non-homoeologous chromosomes occurred. The use of an automated DNA sequencer accounts for the accurate resolution of multiple fragments and enables to differentiate between fragments, amplified by a single primer pair, with size differences as small as two base pairs. 相似文献
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Zhi-Shan Lin Zhi-Fu Cui Xiang-Yan Zeng You-Zhi Ma Zeng-Yan Zhang Toshiki Nakamura Goro Ishikawa Kazuhiro Nakamura Hisashi Yoshida Zhi-Yong Xin 《Euphytica》2007,158(1-2):109-118
Chromosome compositions of seven lines, derived from hybrids between a wheat cultivar and the wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium addition line Z6, with barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) resistance, were determined by genomic in situ hybridization, cytogenetic and SSR assays. The results showed that
line N522 was a disomic addition line, lines N420 and N439 were 2Ai-2(2B) chromosome substitution lines, lines N431 and N452
were 2Ai-2(2D) chromosome substitution lines, line N523 was a 2Ai-2S(2D) ditelosomic substitution line, and line N530 was
a double ditelosomic line with the mitotic chromosome number of 2n = 40 + 4t. One pair of telosomes in line N530 lacked several proximal SSR markers of chromosome 2AS, but possessed certain
terminal markers, which were consistent with an acrocentric structure, and the other pair of chromosome arms were presumably
2Ai-2S telosomes with BYDV-resistance. These wheat-Th. intermedium lines provide useful genetic resources for developing alien chromosome translocation lines. 相似文献
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New C-banding pattern for chromosome identification in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A chromosome study of cucumber, C. sativus L., was performed using orcein and C-banding techniques. The diploid and tetraploid plants investigated here showed the somatic chromosome numbers 2n=14 and 28, respectively. The haploid chromosome complement was composed of five metacentric and two submetacentric chromosomes. All C. sativus chromosomes had clearly visible C-bands, and each chromosome could be identified unequivocally after C-banding staining, with 13 C-bands appearing in the haploid complement. The haploid complement had a 44.9% ratio of total C-band length to total chromosome length. Chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7 had stable C-bands. Three large, dark C-bands appeared at the proximal regions of chromosomes 1 and 2. Chromosome I had quite a large C-band and with a 68.4% ratio of C-band length to short arm length. Chromosome 2 also had quite a large C-band in the pericentromeric region with a 57.6% ratio of C-band length to the full length of this chromosome and possessed an elongated primary constriction in early metaphase. In prometaphase, chromosome 2 showed that the long arm was completely separated from the short arm. The number of secondary constrictions could not be clearly observed because these chromosomes are small and they could not be counted in every metaphase cell. However, six chromosomes seemed to have secondary constrictions in the diploid plants. Two silver-stained bands were observed at primary constrictions of two of the large chromosomes. 相似文献
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中国实施可持续发展战略,农业与农村既是基础和优先领域,也是最具挑战和难度最大所在。农牧地区的新农村发展既是我国新农村建设的重要组成部分,也是相对薄弱的环节。内蒙古自治区乌审旗是典型的农牧地区,全旗各乡镇（苏木）在区域的差异性、功能的主导性和发展的制约性（简称“三性”）等方面具有不同特征,这对于全旗新农村建设具有直接的影响。基于乌审旗不同乡镇（苏木）“三性”的分析,乌审旗新农村发展的主要模式为：工业企业带动模式、城镇建设带动模式、现代农业带动模式、生态牧业带动模式、休闲旅游带动模式、专业市场带动模式。 相似文献
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花生的荧光显带和rDNA荧光原位杂交核型分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立花生准确而详细的核型对于阐明其起源和开展其基因组研究十分重要。本研究采用DAPI显带和5S、45S rDNA探针双色荧光原位杂交对花生有丝分裂中期染色体进行了分析。结果表明,花生的单倍基因组总长度为(81.06±3.74) μm,最长染色体为(4.72±0.15) μm,最短染色体为(2.62±0.14)μm;有15对染色体显示了着丝粒区DAPI+带,其中10对为强带,5对为弱带;有2对5S rDNA位点和5对45S rDNA位点,其中1对5S与1对45S位点同线。综合染色体测量数据、DAPI+带和rDNA杂交信号,对花生染色体进行了准确配对和排列,建立了详细的分子细胞遗传学核型。花生的核型公式为2n=4x=40=38m+2sm(SAT),核型不对称类型属于2A型。 相似文献