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本文试验用增产灵和２，３，５－三碘苯甲酸（ＴＩＢＡ）对间作大豆不同生态类型品种进行喷施。喷施增产灵后，对早熟矮杆品种各处理均表现增产，其增产幅度为０．３７％－６．７５％，施用时期以结荚期为佳；早中熟、中杆、生长较为繁茂的品种仅在开花期喷３０ｐｐｍ可增产１２．０６％；增产灵的增产作用主要是由于提高了单株叶面积、叶绿素含量、单株粒重和百粒重。喷ＴＩＢＡ后，对植株主要起降矮壮杆的作用，株高降矮０．５２－１０．７８ｃｍ，抗倒能力增强，早熟、矮杆的７５－８８－１３开花期喷施呈减产效应，而结荚期喷施可增产０．４７％－３．５％；早中熟、中杆的冬二则在开花期喷施可增产６．４２％． 相似文献
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本文试验用增产灵和２，３，５－三碘苯甲酸（ＴＩＢＡ）对间作大豆不同生态类型品种进行喷施。喷施增产灵后，对早熟矮杆品种各处理均表现增产，其增产幅度为０．３７％－６．７５％，施用时期以结荚期为佳；早中熟，中杆，生长较为繁茂的品种仅在开花期喷３０ｐｐｍ可增产１２．０６％，增产灵的增产作用主要是由于提高了单株叶面积，叶绿素含量，单株粒重和百粒重，喷ＴＩＢＡ后，对植株主要起降矮壮杆的作用，株高降矮０．５２－ 相似文献
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1 品种的特征与特性
新陆早42号生育期127d,属早熟陆地棉.植株筒形,Ⅰ～Ⅱ式果枝,株型较紧凑.株高76cm,茎秆较粗,长势强.叶片较大,叶色深绿,裂刻深,铃卵圆形,结铃性强,植株通风透光性较好,比较适宜密植,适合机械采摘.单株结铃早、集中,果枝始节5.1,果枝数7～9台.棉铃卵圆形,中等大小,单铃重4.9g,衣分38.7％,吐絮畅集中,易摘拾.霜前花率90％以上,絮色洁白.棉株抗枯萎病、高抗黄萎病,丰产性好. 相似文献
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麦套夏播转Bt基因棉田主要害虫及其天敌的发生规律 总被引：68，自引：6，他引：68
１９９７年在田间系统研究了转Ｂｔ基因棉品种中棉所３０（Ｒ９３－６）在麦套种植方式下,对棉田主要害虫及其天敌种群的影响。结果表明,转基因棉对棉铃虫（Ｈｅｌｉｏｔｈｉｓａｒｍｉｇｅｒａ）和棉造桥虫（Ａｎｏｍｉｓｆｌａｖａ）有良好的抗性,发生高峰期百株幼虫数量均显著低于对照品种中棉所１６（早熟品种）,但转基因棉田仍需防治三、四代棉铃虫;和常规棉相比,转基因棉自然控制田和转基因棉综合防治田的棉蚜（Ａｐｈｉｓｇｏｓｙｐｉ）分别增加３３．１％和减少２５．１％、红蜘蛛（Ｔｅｔｒａｎｙｃｈｕｓｃｉｎｎａｂａｒｉｎｕｓ）分别增加１３８．９％和减少１８．５％、棉蓟马（Ｔｈｒｉｐｓｔａｂａｃｉ）分别增加３４６．０％和３１５．３％、白粉虱（Ｔｒｉａｌｅｕｒｏｄｅｓｖａｐｏｒａｒｉｏｒｕｍ）分别增加６３．８％和２９．０％、棉盲蝽（Ｌｙｇｕｓｌｕｃｏｒｕｍ）分别增加５７．１％和减少１８．９％、棉叶蝉（Ｅｍｐｏａｓｃａｂｉｇｕｔｕｌａ）分别增１１．５％和１４．２％、龟纹瓢虫（Ｐｒｏｐｙｌａｅａｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ）分别增加１１．８％和４５．５％、草间小黑蛛（Ｅｒｉｇｏｎｉｄｉｕｍｇｒａｍｉｎｉｃｏｌａ）分别减少３．６％和３．６％、草蛉（Ｃｈ 相似文献
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棉花新品种石远３４５系石家庄市农科院与中科院遗传所协作育成。最后组合为冀棉８号×（陆×中），属种间杂交陆地棉型新品种。１９９９年２月通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定。特征特性 石远３４５株高９５ｃｍ左右，出苗快，苗齐，苗壮，茎淡紫色为光秆，叶片较小，叶色淡绿，叶脉稍呈紫色，果枝较细，果节较短，株形较松散，株间通透性好，结铃集中，铃较大为椭圆形，铃５室，吐絮畅而集中，朵大易采摘。全生育期１２８天，比对照中棉所１２早１天，属中早熟品种。单铃重５．４ｇ，子指９．８ｇ，衣分４０．５％。丰产性 １９９７… 相似文献
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陕西关中东部棉花抗旱品种农艺节水综合技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
按照生态农业理论和抗旱节水技术要求,对棉花抗旱品种、不同密度、不同基肥N、P的施用量进行田间综合试验,采用正交设计法。3年试验研究结果表明：密度以每公顷种植7.5万株比4.5万株、6万株平均增产671.85kg、483.30kg,增产57.49%和41.36%。品种陕402（早熟）、陕576（中早熟）分别比中棉所19（中熟）增产16.62%和16.17%,具有较强抗旱性。磷酸二铵比尿素增产作用明显,每公顷施150、225kg分别增产11.35%和10.53%。 相似文献
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陆地棉无色素腺体遗传资源棉子蛋白和棉酚含量研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对２２０个国内外不同来源的陆地棉无色素腺体品种（系）种子粗蛋白、可溶性蛋白和棉酚含量的研究表明，三个性状的总体平均值分别为４１．４６％、１１．８２％和０．０１７４％。该遗传资源群体具有蛋白质含量较高但变异程度较小、绝大多数品种棉酚含量符合国际卫生标准（＜０．０４％）且变异程度很大的特点，４０％的品种其粗蛋白含量在４２％以上，棉酚含量在０．０４％和０．０２％以下的品种分别占９１．８７％和７５．４５％。国内育成品种的粗蛋白含量显著高于国外引进品种，春播品种显著高于夏播品种；而可溶性蛋白和棉酚含量在这些品种类和相互之间无显著差异。中无１０９８、浙棉９号、冀棉１９号、绵阳４１７６等１６个品种被鉴定筛选为粗蛋白含量较高（＞４５％）的种质材料。 相似文献
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Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
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C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
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[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
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E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
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Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献