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《花生学报》2015,(1)
WRKY转录因子家族是植物转录调控因子中最大的家族之一,研究已经表明该家族在植物盐胁迫应答相关的转录调控过程中发挥着重要作用。WRKY基因介导激活盐胁迫应答和调节相关基因的信号转导,因而调节这些WRKY基因的表达模式和/或改变其活性最终导致植物盐胁迫的耐受性。另外,同一个WRKY基因往往同时在多个胁迫应答过程中起作用,表明其在植物胁迫应答中功能的多样性。WRKY蛋白通过蛋白与蛋白之间的协同作用以及自我调控或者交叉调控方式实现其功能,这有助于了解WRKY蛋白介导的信号和转录调控过程的复杂机制。花生是重要的油料作物,盐胁迫对其生长发育危害严重,WRKY基因在花生耐盐过程中可能也起重要作用,但相关功能和机制研究很少。本文综述了近期的研究进展,以揭示WRKY转录因子在植物盐胁迫应答中的作用。 相似文献
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盐胁迫是影响植物生长、发育和作物产量的主要环境因子.在盐胁迫的响应和适应过程中,植物会产生许多生理生化反应,许多基因被激活,导致大量参与盐胁迫的蛋白质的积累.胁迫响应基因的表达主要由特定的转录因子(TF)调控,转录因子通常可以激活或抑制多个靶基因的转录.目前已发现多个胁迫响应的转录因子,对它们调控的基因启动子区的顺式作用元件也有很多研究.转录因子及其顺式作用元件不仅是基因表达的分子开关,而且在信号传导过程中是信号转导通路的终端.在这篇文章中,我们重点总结了参与植物盐胁迫调控的几类转录因子,包括NAC、bZIP和bHLH的研究进展. 相似文献
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WRKY转录因子是植物转录调节因子的最大家族之一,并且是调节植物许多生物过程的信号网络的组成部分。WRKY转录因子通过其保守结构域与靶基因启动子区域的W-box特异性结合,调节靶基因的表达,进而调控植物的叶片衰老、种子萌发与休眠、开花等生长发育过程外,还参与调控植物生物和非生物胁迫的响应过程。本文用代表性植物基因组数据,对WRKY的基因演化作了归纳,综述了近二十年来国内外WRKY转录因子的相要研究进展,并介绍了该转录因子在植物生物胁迫和非生物胁迫应答及生长发育过程中的调控作用。 相似文献
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DREB转录因子在植物抗逆胁迫中的作用机理及应用研究进展 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
干旱、高盐和低温等非生物胁迫严重影响植物的生长发育和作物产量。转录因子在调节植物生长发育以及对外界环境胁迫的响应方面起着重要作用。DREB转录因子含有一个保守的AP2/EREBP结构域,参与外界环境胁迫的应答响应,通过结合DRE(Dehydration responsive element)顺式作用元件,调控下游胁迫相关基因的转录表达,改良植物的抗性。本文在前人研究的基础上,综述了DREB转录因子的结构特征、介导的信号传递途径、对非生物胁迫的响应以及转基因的研究进展,旨在为作物的抗逆育种提供理论依据。 相似文献
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茉莉酸类物质在调节植物对逆境的反应和生长发育方面有重要作用.最近,从模式植物拟南芥中分离鉴定了茉莉酸响应基因的转录抑制因子JAZ(茉莉酸ZIM结构域蛋白)蛋白家族的12个成员,这是植物茉莉酸信号途径分子机制研究的重大进展.JAZ蛋白不仅是联系COI1和下游茉莉酸反应基因的环节,而且COI1-JAZ蛋白的相互作用导致发现活性形式的茉莉酸类物质及其受体.笔者综述了JAZ蛋白家族的结构特点、不同成员之间及其与MYC转录因子之间的相互作用,以及JAZ蛋白对茉莉酸响应基因的转录调节机制,并展望其在橡胶生物合成中的调节作用. 相似文献
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株高是影响水稻产量、光合速率、抗倒性的重要农艺性状,赤霉素对株高形成具有重要调控作用。YABBY家族基因作为植物特有的转录因子,参与GA信号途径,调控水稻株高。通过CRISPR/Cas9技术定向突变了OsYABBY4基因,成功创制了3种不同突变类型的osyabby4突变体。表型分析发现,osyabby4突变体结实率下降,倒1和倒2节间的伸长受到抑制,导致株高显著降低。α-淀粉酶诱导及赤霉素相关基因差异表达实验表明,OsYABBY4通过参与GA信号转导调控水稻的株高。本研究为水稻理想株型育种提供了新材料,同时进一步完善了水稻株高分子调控网络。 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(2):189-198
AbstractGrain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):415-432
Summary This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed. 相似文献
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以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。 相似文献
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Corné Kempenaar Thomas Been Johan Booij Frits van Evert Jean-Marie Michielsen Corné Kocks 《Potato Research》2017,60(3-4):295-305
Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed. 相似文献
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Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the
water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during
mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal
resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No
such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m−2 s−1 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop. 相似文献
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体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望. 相似文献