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水稻不育系紫ⅡA的选育 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
紫ⅡA是从贵州大学农学院引进的紫叶性状标记水稻,与珍汕97B杂交的中间材料,再与Ⅱ-32B杂交和回交转育而成的紫色性状标记不育系。紫ⅡA的叶片、叶鞘、枝梗、叶耳、叶舌、颖尖、柱头均为紫色,内外颖成熟时呈黄色,糙米种皮白色。在田间苗期的第一片完全叶全展,叶色即为紫色。与绿叶恢复系杂交,杂种F1为绿色,利用这一特性在苗期即可鉴别和剔除杂交稻种子中混杂的不育系和保持系,可实现快速鉴定和提高杂种纯度。紫ⅡA的不育性、开花习性、主要农艺性状、配合力均与Ⅱ-32A近似。该不育系于2005年9月通过贵州省技术鍪定。 相似文献
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制种实践表明,不育系的开花历程、柱头外露、柱头面积、开颖角度和开闭颖时间等异交特性与制种产量密切相关.本试验在大田条件下对目前荆州地区生产上一直大面积使用的12个杂交水稻不育系的异交性能进行了测定和综合评价.结果表明,供试材料在所有异交性能上均出现了不同程度的差异,有的差异达显著水平.最近培育的组合在柱头外露率、午前花率与开花集中程度等方面取得了明显进步.采用综合评判法对供试材料进行了评价,结果表明,供试不育系的异交性能由高到低可分成3档,最优不育系与最差不育系相比,综合指数相差约1倍;第1档综合评分在3.40~3.85,依次为粤泰A、川香29A、Q2A、顺A、中9A和培矮64S;第2档综合得分在2.55~3.10,依次有金23A、珍汕97A、Ⅱ-32A和冈46A;第3档综合评分为2.0以下,有荆楚814A和V20A. 相似文献
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为筛选高温伏旱条件下具有良好开花习性的粳型水稻不育系,以Ⅱ-32A为对照,采用自然高温伏旱条件筛选并观察比较了23 个粳型不育系材料的开花习性。结果表明,参试材料间开花习性差异显著。其中35478A、35489A及35502A 3 个粳型不育系与对照相比具有开花高峰期提前、单穗开花历期和单株开花历期较长、包颈粒率较低、开颖角度较大及颖间距较长等优点;35478A开花高峰期集中在10:00—11:00,较对照提前1.5 h。35489A的柱头外露率较高,达76.23%。35502A的柱头生活力较高,最高达84.68%,保持时间较长。35478A、35489A及35502A 3个粳型不育系具有较好开花习性。 相似文献
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以4个淡绿叶粳稻光温敏核不育系和正常叶色粳型不育系浙农大11S(ZAU11S)及籼型不育系培矮64S(PA64S)共6个不育系为材料,在杭州自然条件下观察了上述6个光温敏核不育系的开花习性。结果表明:(1)淡绿叶色不育系同对照正常叶色不育系的叶色差异显著,易于肉眼分离;(2)淡绿叶色不育系的开花天数、开花率、柱头外露率都低于正常叶色不育系,日开花率、颖花张开时间和张开角度易受环境条件影响,表现较大差异;(3)除TS1外,其他三个淡绿叶色不育系在不育期和可育期的开花高峰都位于午前9:00或10:00,表现较强的早花特性。 相似文献
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Ⅱ-32A系湖南杂交水稻中心选育的新质源水稻不育系,因其分美力强、开花习性好及异交结实率高而深受种子生产及农业科研单位的欢迎。然而统观全国,利用Ⅱ-32A制种667m2超过350kg的制种单位并不多见。1992年我什]以Ⅱ优86、Ⅱ优63为代表研究其超高产制种模式,经过3年的摸索于1994年形成,使Ⅱ-32A的制种产量上升到一个新的台阶。如1994年Ⅱ优86制种67500.4m2,平均单产350.7公斤/667m2,单产过400公斤制种户有27户。利用该技术,1995年I优86制种350,842m2平均单产367.3公斤/667m2,过400公斤/667m2的制种户43户,Ⅱ优63制种26680m2,单产过400公斤的制种户有8户,平均单产357.8公斤/667m2。现将该技术的关键介绍如下。1根据亲本特性,定好父母本的播差期及最佳相遇标准。1.IH-32A的特性植株较高,叶片直而剑叶短,叶色浓,穗子大,分菌力强。开花习性良好,柱头外露率高,抽穗速度较珍汕97A慢i~2天,柱头活力较珍油97A长l~2天。因此,父母本的最佳相遇标准应为母本先抽穗l~3天。这样赤霉素作用于父本植株上,使其高度较母本明显,容易形成... 相似文献
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摘 要:旨在为两系不育系高产制种提供理论依据。用‘广占63-4s’作对照,在相同时段内测定不育系的开花习性(开花历期、单穗逐日开花动态、花时分布动态、柱头特性、包颈率和张颖特性等.)‘F168s’单穗和单株开花历期均最长;‘信丰9826s’和‘信矮10-4s’比对照花期集中,盛花期累计开花率高,开花峰值高;除‘F168s’外,其余不育系集中开花时段开花率均高于对照;除‘信丰9826s’之外,其余不育系午前开花率均低于对照;‘F168s’柱头总外露率、柱头双外露率最高;‘信矮10-4s’柱头单外露率最高;‘F168s’柱头表面积和柱头体积最大,柱头活力系数最大,柱头活力最强;除‘信丰9826s’之外,其余不育系均有包颈现象;不育系张颖时间均超过对照,‘信矮10-4s’最长;除‘信丰9826s’之外,其余不育系的颖间距和张颖角度均超过对照,‘F168s’最大。不育系制种时采取扬长避短的制种技术和人工辅助措施,可提高杂交制种产量。 相似文献
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介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。 相似文献
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Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
M. Auxiliadora Soriano Francisco Orgaz Francisco J. Villalobos Elías Fereres 《European Journal of Agronomy》2004,21(4):465-476
Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha−1, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha−1, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha−1 for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment. 相似文献
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The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa. 相似文献
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DENG Zhao-jing 《保鲜与加工》2005,(1):153-156
A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed. 相似文献
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Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value. 相似文献
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母猪繁殖障碍成因分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
繁殖障碍是导致母猪淘汰的最主要因素,直接造成母猪非生产天数延长,繁殖猪群生产效率降低,严重影响猪场的经济效益。本文作者对引起母猪繁殖障碍的多方面因素,包括营养因素(如饲养水平、饲料品质、断奶日龄)、环境因素(如温度、湿度、通风、光照)、疫病因素、生产技术及管理因素进行了详细阐述。 相似文献
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香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。 相似文献