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1.
香蕉秸秆与牲畜粪便固体联合厌氧发酵产沼气的特性 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：2
为了探讨香蕉秸秆与牲畜粪便的组合对固体厌氧发酵产沼气特性的影响,该文在20%的固体质量分数和中温(35±1)℃条件下,分别开展了不同质量分数的牛粪或猪粪与香蕉秸秆的联合厌氧发酵产气性能的比较研究。结果表明,与香蕉秸秆单独厌氧消化相比较,分别组合质量分数为75%的牛粪和猪粪,沼气累积产量可提高1.3～2.0倍。虽然组合猪粪或牛粪皆可改善底物厌氧消化产气性能,促进产气量的提高,但二者对改善底物的厌氧产气特性的影响不同,组合猪粪可以显著增强产气效率。对于猪粪与香蕉秸秆的组合底物,当猪粪的质量分数为50%时,甲烷产率和累积甲烷产量达到最高值,分别为191 mL/g和12.7 L,较牛粪与香蕉秸秆的组合底物分别提高了69%和92%。而沼气产率和累积沼气产量最高值出现在猪粪的质量分数为75%时,较牛粪与香蕉秸秆的组合底物分别提高了18%和32%,达到365 mL/g和23.9 L。此外,2种牲畜粪便的组合亦可显著增强底物中纤维素和半纤维素降解,它们的降解率相较于香蕉秸秆单独厌氧消化最高可提高1.2和3.6倍。该文研究结果可为香蕉秸秆和牲畜粪便固体厌氧产沼气工程提供参考。 相似文献
2.
CaO预处理提高玉米秸秆厌氧消化产沼气性能 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
为探索CaO预处理方法对玉米秸秆厌氧消化产沼气的影响,采用了3种不同质量百分数的CaO分别在3种不同处理时间下对玉米秸秆进行预处理,并在中温条件下进行了厌氧消化试验。试验结果表明,经过CaO预处理后,玉米秸秆的组分被不同程度破坏,厌氧消化产沼气能力有较大提高,厌氧消化时间有所缩短。综合日产气量、累积产气量、厌氧消化时间等各项参数来看,以5%CaO预处理3d的处理效果最佳,与未经预处理的效果相比,累积产气量提高了136.85%,消化时间缩短了5d,总固体（TS）和挥发性固体（VS）去除率分别提高了21.72%和7.18%,综合效果要优于其他处理组,有效地提高了玉米秸秆厌氧消化的产气量和产气效率。 相似文献
3.
为获得有机生活垃圾、玉米秸秆和牛粪混合物料厌氧发酵产沼气性能,为农村废弃物沼气工程高效运行提供依据,在初始总固体（TS）为12%和中温（35±1）℃条件下,考察了有机生活垃圾、玉米秸秆与牛粪三物料不同湿基质量比（1∶0∶2、1∶0.5∶1.5、1∶1∶1、1∶1.5∶0.5、1∶2∶0）对厌氧发酵过程的影响。结果表明：与双物料混合厌氧发酵相比,三物料混合厌氧消化能显著提高原料产气率,有机生活垃圾、玉米秸秆和牛粪配比为1∶1∶1的组合单位TS累积产气量高于其他处理;不同发酵物料配比能影响厌氧发酵完成时间,随着秸秆比例的增加,完成厌氧发酵的时间逐渐增长,有机生活垃圾和牛粪的组合与三者配比为1∶0.5∶1.5、1∶1∶1、1∶1.5∶0.5和1∶2∶0的处理相比,厌氧发酵完成时间分别缩短了12、15、19、22 d;三物料混合发酵适宜的配比能平衡发酵系统中酸的浓度,防止系统酸化,并能提高纤维素半纤维素降解率。综上认为三物料最佳配比为1∶1∶1。 相似文献
4.
玉米秸中温与常温厌氧生物气化的比较研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
为解决玉米秸的资源化利用问题，提出通过厌氧消化的方法把其转化成生物气体。比较了在中温和常温条件下，不同负荷率（35、50、65 g/L）对玉米秸秆日产气量、累积产气量、总干物质（TS）和挥发性有机物（VS）消化率的影响。试验结果显示，不论是在中温还是在常温条件下，50 g/L TS负荷率都获得了较高的累积产气量；相对于常温而言，中温厌氧消化的累积产气量提高了63%，总干物质（TS）和有机物（VS）消化率分别增加33%和49%，产气速率也明显提高。因此，使用50 g TS/L负荷率，在中温条件下对玉米秸秆进行厌氧消化是比较好的。该试验结果可为玉米秸秆的大规模生物气化提供重要设计依据。 相似文献
5.
为了替代秸秆沼气湿式发酵的需进行粉碎预处理,探索切割颗粒秸秆的发酵工艺,简化工程操作流程,降低能耗。该文以稻秸为研究对象,研究发酵温度、发酵液浓度、稻秸粒度和堆沤时间对产气性能的影响,并进行试验验证。结果表明:温度与原料挥发性固体(volatile solid,VS)产气率的相关性显著(P0.01),最优组合为:40℃、堆沤2 d、粒度1 cm、总固体(total solid,TS)质量分数为8%,最优组合VS产气率为385.9 mL/g;40℃厌氧消化产沼气的速率快,各试验组前20 d累积产气量都达到总产气量的73%以上;正交试验中,40℃试验组均有发酵液温度高于水浴锅现象,以及生化培养箱验证试验组发酵液温度高于对照,2种现象说明水稻秸秆厌氧消化可能有少量放热。研究结果为秸秆沼气工程发酵工艺改进和运行提供参考。 相似文献
6.
适宜原料压实度改善玉米秸秆厌氧干发酵特性 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
干发酵原料中固形物含量高,结构疏松,原料的压实度直接关系到发酵罐的利用率和生产成本。为了探讨原料压实度对厌氧干发酵过程的影响,该文以玉米秸秆粉为试验材料,研究了不同固形物含量(TS)条件下原料压实度对厌氧干发酵产气特性及物料特性变化的影响,结果表明:相同TS下,随着压实度的增加,日产气量(基于可挥发性固形物,VS)峰值降低且出峰时间略有滞后;原料压实度对累积产气量、日产气量变化趋势以及甲烷体积分数的影响不明显。基于发酵罐容积计算产气量时,原料压实度与日产气量峰值、累积产气总量以及累积甲烷产量均呈显著正相关。不同TS条件下的原料压实度对厌氧干发酵过程的影响程度不同,TS含量越高原料压实度对产气量的影响越明显。TS为20%和25%时,逐层压实发酵罐的单位容积累积产气量比自然填料罐分别提高了37.1%和60.2%。当发酵料初始TS为20%时,原料压实度的增加可促使物料中形成连续的液相,改善物料层间的传质,从而使发酵料上下层间的差异减小。当发酵料初始TS提高到25%时,原料压实度增加对传质特性无明显影响。综上所述,在该试验研究范围内,提高原料压实度可以保证玉米秸秆厌氧干发酵产气过程的正常进行,且可以显著提高发酵罐的容积利用率。该研究对厌氧干发酵原料压实度与发酵特性之间的关系进行了初步探讨,以期为有效提高厌氧干发酵罐的产能能力提供参考。 相似文献
7.
沼液预处理玉米秸秆产沼气工艺参数优化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
沼液作为厌氧发酵的废弃物处理存在困难,但沼液可以对秸秆类原料进行预处理,为沼液的综合利用提供可能。为优化沼液预处理玉米秸秆的条件,提高玉米秸秆厌氧消化产气量,该文以沼液预处理前后的纤维素、半纤维素、木质素含量以及产气量为指标,根据CCD(centralcompositedesign)试验设计原理,选取沼液添加比例、温度和时间为因素,建立三者之间的模型。试验结果表明:随着预处理TS(total solid)的降低,时间的延长,木质纤维素的降解率越高,而温度在30℃时木质纤维素的降解率达到最大。从产气量来看木质纤维素降解率并不是越高越好,过分的追求木质纤维素的降解会对产气量产生影响,经过响应面法优化产气量后得出最佳的预处理工艺为:沼液添加比例19.08%、预处理温度(30±1)℃、预处理时间为5 d,总产气量可提高30.76%。 相似文献
8.
NaOH处理玉米秸秆厌氧生物气化试验研究 总被引：30，自引：2，他引：28
提出通过NaOH化学处理以改善玉米秸秆的可生物消化性能、提高玉米秸秆厌氧消化产气量的方法。NaOH添加量为玉米秸秆干物质的8%。对未处理和经NaOH处理的玉米秸秆进行了厌氧消化对比试验研究,厌氧消化负荷率为35,50,65和80 g/L。分析并比较了两者在不同负荷率下的日产气量、累积产气量、单位TS和VS产气量等。结果显示,与未处理玉米秸相比,NaOH处理过的玉米秸的干物质消化率和产气量明显提高,在35,50,65,80 g/L负荷率下,产气量分别提高了13.1%,39.8%,48.3%和47.8%,单位TS、VS的产气率分别提高了13.1%～48.3%、23%～61.3%;两种玉米秸分别在35和65 g/L负荷率下获得了最高单位TS产气量。NaOH化学处理使玉米秸细胞壁结构和化学成分发生了明显的变化,分别有53.2%、46.9%和66.6%的木质素、纤维素和半纤维素被分解,其中1/2～2/3被转化成了易被厌氧菌利用的可溶性物质,这是产气量提高的主要原因之一。研究结果对提高玉米秸的产气效率、实现大规模应用具有重要指导意义。 相似文献
9.
太阳能蒸汽爆破和微波预处理对玉米秸秆产沼气的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为提高秸秆沼气工程效率,该文以玉米秸秆为原料,分别采用太阳能蒸汽爆破和微波辐射2种方法对其进行预处理,考察中温(35℃)条件下2种预处理方法的产沼气效果。试验结果表明:在接种量200g、发酵温度35℃、启动负荷22.6g/L(以总固体TS计)的试验条件下,2种方法均可破坏玉米秸秆原有刚性结构,使其易与厌氧微生物接触而被降解,其纤维素、半纤维素、木质素含量分别降低7.82%、50.56%、36.33%和20.13%、20.97%、54.03%;2种方法预处理后玉米秸秆沼气发酵TS(总固体)产气率分别达到239.89和281.45mL/g,VS(挥发性固体)产气率分别达到296.02和332.28mL/g,日均产气量分别达到320和334mL(分别高于对照15.11%和20.14%),同时料液滞留时间比对照分别减少42.11%和31.58%。该研究为秸秆预处理及提高秸秆沼气工程发酵效率提供了参考。 相似文献
10.
为提高人畜粪便和农作物秸秆资源化有效利用提供科学依据,研究了人粪与各种不同原料混合发酵的产气效率。试验通过自行研究设计的可控性恒温发酵装置,以人粪、牛粪、鸡粪和玉米秆为消化原料,以常温厌氧发酵池的底物为接种物,在总固TS质量分数为8%条件下,进行批量厌氧消化试验,研究人粪分别与牛粪、鸡粪和玉米秆按不同比例（干物质质量比为1∶1、2∶1、3∶1）混合发酵的产气速率、累积产气量的变化。结果表明,在25℃恒温条件下,人粪与3种原料的混合发酵,均能正常产气,均能在厌氧发酵开始后的5～14d达最大产气速率,在30d左右各自的累积产气量均能达到总产气量的87%～92%,其中人粪与牛粪的混合产气效率最好,各组物料的3种配比的平均累积产气量分别为26713、21281和21227mL,各组物料的最优配比的最高产气速率分别为1500、1260和1100mL·d^-1。在25℃下,人粪与牛粪混合发酵的最优配比为3∶1,人粪与鸡粪的为1∶1以及人粪与玉米秆的为3∶1,为人粪与不同原料配比的混合厌氧发酵提供了参考依据。 相似文献
11.
低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
13.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
14.
Thomas Larsen Jesper Luxhøi Jakob Magid Lars Stoumann Jensen Paul Henning Krogh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(1):59-68
We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization
and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition
with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the
decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots
with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass,
soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration,
N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially
(<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation
in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils,
indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but
the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation
for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community
performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea. 相似文献
15.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(6)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
16.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(7)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
17.
I.L. Boyd 《Biological conservation》2010,143(7):1664-1674
“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options. 相似文献
18.
Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate. 相似文献
19.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
20.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献