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三倍体无核鲜食葡萄新品种‘红峰无核’是以‘红斯威特’（‘Sweet Scarlet’）为母本,‘巨峰’为父本通过杂交和胚挽救选育而成的。果穗大,平均单穗质量930.2g。果粒椭圆形,果皮鲜红色,自然单粒质量6.1 g,赤霉素处理后单粒质量达12.4 g;果肉软,果汁中等;可溶性固形物含量18.9%,可滴定酸含量0.5%。果实自然无核率98.7%。早果性强,丰产,产量一般控制在30 000 kg·hm-2。在河北定州9月下旬成熟,抗病性与‘巨峰’相近。 相似文献
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设施葡萄品种连年丰产能力与光合生理特性关系研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
【目的】为研究设施葡萄品种连年丰产能力与光合生理特性的关系,【方法】以20个设施葡萄品种为试材,连续3年调查不同品种的结果系数和大小年结果指数,同时测定其叶片的光合特性和叶绿素指标。【结果】结果表明,(1)‘红旗特早玫瑰’、‘紫珍香’、‘无核白鸡心’、‘无核早红(8611)’、‘红标无核(8612)’、‘87-1’、‘乍娜’、‘莎巴珍珠’、‘香妃和‘红香妃’10个品种的结果系数年际间差异不显著,且大小年结果指数(B<3%)明显低于其他品种(B>5%);(2)光补偿点(LCP)、叶绿素a含量(Chla)和叶绿素总含量(Chl(a+b))与设施葡萄品种的大小年结果指数呈极显著相关;(3)在设施光合有效辐射较低的环境下,连年丰产能力强的葡萄品种的净光合速率(Pn)明显高于连年丰产能力弱的葡萄品种。【结论】(1)‘红旗特早玫瑰’、‘紫珍香’、‘无核白鸡心’、‘无核早红(8611)’、‘红标无核(8612)’、‘87-1’、‘乍娜’、‘莎巴珍珠’、‘香妃和‘红香妃’10个品种具有较强的连年丰产能力;(2)LCP、Chla和Chl(a+b)是检验设施葡萄品种连年丰产能力的直观性指标;(3)设施栽培条件下,耐弱光能力强的葡萄品种其连年丰产能力也强。 相似文献
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4个无核鲜食葡萄品种及其亲本果实香气成分分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《果树学报》2015,(3)
【目的】研究以母本‘瑰宝’和父本‘无核白鸡心’杂交选育出的无核葡萄新品种‘早康宝’、‘无核翠宝’、‘无核丽红宝’和‘晶红宝’果实的芳香化合物组分,为了解其品质特性提供理论依据。【方法】采用顶空固相微萃取结合气质联用技术对这4个无核葡萄及其亲本果实香气成分进行分析测定,研究4个无核葡萄及其亲本成熟果实芳香物质差异。【结果】6个葡萄品种果实的芳香物质成分种类和相对含量差异较大。醛类物质是6个葡萄品种果实中主要的芳香物质,其中相对含量最高的是具有绿叶清香和果香的2-己烯醛,在35.88%~50.04%,‘早康宝’中含量最低,‘丽红宝’最高;其次是具有绿叶清香和果香的己醛,相对含量在16.91%~30.41%,‘瑰宝’最低。‘瑰宝’、‘无核白鸡心’及其具有香味的杂交后代‘早康宝’和‘无核翠宝’中含有相对含量较高的萜烯醇(11.21%~25.39%),特别是里那醇,其中‘瑰宝’含量最高为25.20%,‘无核白鸡心’含量最低(0.18%),而‘丽红宝’和‘晶红宝’中含量甚微或无;其次是香叶醇,‘早康宝’中最高14.58%,‘无核白鸡心’和‘无核翠宝’分别占8.20%、4.42%。【结论】里那醇+香叶醇+橙花醇+香茅醇之和对4个玫瑰香味葡萄品种(‘瑰宝’、‘无核白鸡心’、‘早康宝’和‘无核翠宝’)果实玫瑰香气贡献最大。C6化合物中的2-己烯醛是6个葡萄品种果实芳香物质中的主要成分。 相似文献
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《中国果树》2019,(6)
分析了2015—2018年北京新发地批发市场鲜食葡萄品种和价格变化信息,指出我国鲜食葡萄市场批发价格的年周期变化特点,主要大宗葡萄品种的上市期和价格等年度波动特性,主要促早类葡萄品种在优势档期的年度变化特点等市场信息,得出如下几点结论或发展趋势:‘红地球’‘巨峰’‘玫瑰香’‘夏黑’‘维多利亚’‘红宝石无核’‘藤稔’‘新疆无籽露’8大葡萄品种的市场主导地位基本稳定;市场价格年周期波动规律基本稳定,4—6月的价格优势明显;促早类葡萄品种市场竞争激烈,促早栽培将长期存在,并成为各产区优先发展的主要栽培方式之一。其中,‘夏黑’‘维多利亚’和‘藤稔’3大葡萄品种目前仍然处于主导地位,‘着色香’(茉莉香、郁金香)等新品种增长较快;‘克瑞森无核’‘着色香’和‘阳光玫瑰’上升为大宗品种,并且发展势头迅猛;以云南为代表的新兴优势产区将持续高速发展,并发挥全面引领作用;无核鲜食葡萄品种备受青睐,消费理念迅速与国际接轨。 相似文献
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为探究‘早霞玫瑰’‘早夏无核’‘户太八号’和‘夏黑’4种不同品种葡萄叶片浸取液对甘蓝幼苗的化感作用,采用室内盆栽法,研究了不同浓度（0 mg/mL、45 mg/mL、90 mg/mL和135 mg/mL）葡萄浸取液对甘蓝幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,当浸提液浓度为45 mg/mL时,‘早霞玫瑰’‘早夏无核’‘户太八号’和‘夏黑’葡萄叶片水浸提液对甘蓝幼苗的生长具有化感促进作用;当浸提液浓度为90 mg/mL时,‘早霞玫瑰’‘早夏无核’和‘夏黑’葡萄叶片水浸提液对甘蓝幼苗生长的促进作用最大,‘户太八号’葡萄叶片水浸提液对甘蓝幼苗的生长转为化感抑制作用;当浸提液浓度为135 mg/mL时,‘早霞玫瑰’‘早夏无核’和‘夏黑’葡萄叶片水浸提液对甘蓝幼苗生长的促进作用减弱;4种葡萄叶片水浸提液对甘蓝幼苗的化感作用敏感趋势大体为:‘早霞玫瑰’>‘早夏无核’>‘夏黑’>‘户太八号’,研究结果为葡萄园中套种甘蓝提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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AIM: To examine the autoantibody against α1-adrenoceptor and its biologic activities during the development of renal hypertension. METHODS: Renal hypertension of rat was achieved by clipped renal artery, the titre of autoantibody to α1-adrenoceptor was detected using ELISA immunoassay. Furthermore, the biological offects of these autoantibodies on cultured cardiomyocytes were also examined. RESULTS: After two weeks of clipping renal arteries, both the frequency of occurrence and the titre of autoantibodies to cardiac α1-adrenergic receptor were significantly increased as compared with the control of pre-treatment. The increased autoantibodies lasted for several weeks and then automatically decreased gradually to the pre-clipping level at 12 weeks. The biological effects of these autoantibodies displayed an "agonistic-like" activities on the beating frequency of cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Autoantibodies against α1-adrenoceptor may play a role in the elevation of peripheral vascular resistance and in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with renal hypertension. 相似文献
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AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β-particles emission from 188Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by 188Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of 188Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from 188 Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G0/G1 arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(1):139-156
Abstract This review is based partly on complete articles and partly on abstracts. Three of the 60 articles deal with the total uptake of elements in strawberry plant organs in two different strawberry production systems, both considered as optimal concerning amount and balance of elements. The effect on fruit quality may be dramatic if the level of a particular element is outside this range, but there may also be effects initiated by differences within the optimal range of elements. Most articles refer to product oriented quality, but some focus on consumer oriented quality, as discussed by Shewfelt (1999). The discussion here is on a general basis, so one should keep in mind that there are cultivar differences and that specification of nutrition ideally should mirror the needs of a single cultivar, or a group of cultivars with similar requirements. Also, to get a complete understanding of the subject future reviews should embrace a broader access of information including the effect on plant development of individual elements, such as the role of calcium in fruit firmness and its importance in cell wall structure. However, the intention here is to narrow the information to results that suggest a direct connection between nutrient uptake and fruit quality. 相似文献
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AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration. 相似文献
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Fulé Peter Z. Crouse Joseph E. Heinlein Thomas A. Moore Margaret M. Covington W. Wallace Verkamp Greg 《Landscape Ecology》2003,18(5):465-486
Fire regime characteristics of high-elevation forests on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, were reconstructed from fire scar analysis, remote sensing, tree age, and forest structure measurements, a first attempt at detailed reconstruction of the transition from surface to stand-replacing fire patterns in the Southwest. Tree densities and fire-/non-fire-initiated groups were highly mixed over the landscape, so distinct fire-created stands could not be delineated from satellite imagery or the oldest available aerial photos. Surface fires were common from 1700 to 1879 in the 4,400 ha site, especially on S and W aspects. Fire dates frequently coincided with fire dates measured at study sites at lower elevation, suggesting that pre-1880 fire sizes may have been very large. Large fires, those scarring 25% or more of the sample trees, were relatively infrequent, averaging 31 years between burns. Four of the five major regional fire years occurred in the 1700s, followed by a 94-year gap until 1879. Fires typically occurred in significantly dry years (Palmer Drought Stress Index), with severe drought in major regional fire years. Currently the forest is predominantly spruce-fir, mixed conifer, and aspen. In contrast, dendroecological reconstruction of past forest structure showed that the forest in 1880 was very open, corresponding closely with historical (1910) accounts of severe fires leaving partially denuded landscapes. Age structure and species composition were used to classify sampling points into fire-initiated and non-fire-initiated groups. Tree groups on nearly 60% of the plots were fire-initiated; the oldest such groups appeared to have originated after severe fires in 1782 or 1785. In 1880, all fire-initiated groups were less than 100 years old and nearly 25% of the groups were less than 20 years old. Non-fire-initiated groups were significantly older (oldest 262 years in 1880), dominated by ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, or white fir, and occurred preferentially on S and W slopes. The mixed-severity fire regime, transitioning from lower-elevation surface fires to mixed surface and stand-replacing fire at higher elevations, appeared not to have been stable over the temporal and spatial scales of this study. Information about historical fire regime and forest structure is valuable for managers but the information is probably less specific and stable for high-elevation forests than for low-elevation ponderosa pine forests.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(3):101-120
Abstract Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared. 相似文献
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以西双版纳黄瓜和‘华黄5号’黄瓜叶片为试验材料,研究了衰老过程中两种黄瓜叶片叶绿素含量变化及脱镁叶绿素脱镁叶绿酸水解酶基因PPH和脱镁叶绿酸a加氧酶基因PAO的表达。结果表明：随着叶片衰老,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量显著降低,叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比值在0.5左右,推测叶绿素b的含量可能对黄瓜叶片保绿起到重要作用。荧光定量RT-PCR分析结果显示：PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片生长35 d时表达量最高,分别为5.50和1.86;PPH在‘华黄5号’叶片35 d时表达量最高,为7.14,而PAO在35和45 d表达量都很高,分别为3.90和3.91;PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片中的表达量低于在‘华黄5号’中。 相似文献
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AIM:To observe the effect of simvastatin on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) induced by serum and growth factor PDGF-BB and the effect of simvastatin on the expression of PTEN,a important regulator of G1/S cell cycle transition. METHODS:The DNA synthesis was determined by [3H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle was examined with flow cytometry, the protein level of PTEN was measured by Western blot method. RESULTS: (1)Simvastatin inhibited [3H]-TdR incorporation in a dose dependent manner. (2) Flow cytometric DNA analysis revealed that simvastatin induced significantly enhancement of G0/G1 phase and decrease in S phase VSMCs.(3)Simvastatin increased protein level of PTEN and mevalonate, a metabolite of HMG-COA, reversed the effect of simvastatin on PTEN protein expression. CONCLUSION:Simvastatin may inhibit proliferation of VSMCs and retarded cell cycle in G0/G1 phase by increasing PTEN expression through inhibiting synthesis of mevalonate. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species. 相似文献
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A two-year field study investigated the possible effects of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) and uncultivated areas on the abundance of generalist predators in commercially-managed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fields in Texas, USA. From 63 to 70 fields were sampled for pests and predators over nine consecutive weeks during early stages of cotton development. Additional data on agronomic practices and landscape composition at three spatial scales were also collected for each field. Stepwise regression analyses were used to determine the relationships of landscape, agronomic and prey variables to the abundance of generalist predators. Because the variables most closely linked to predator levels could vary over time, separate regressions were conducted for three time periods corresponding to stages of grain sorghum growth (half-bloom, hard-dough, maturity) in each year. Significant relationships between predator abundance and agricultural landscape composition appear in both years and in all three time periods, but the specific relationships of landscape variables to cotton predator levels differed between and within years. At maturity in 2001, predator levels rose as the amount of uncultivated land from 1.6 to 3.2 km distant and the perimeter shared with grain sorghum increased. During 2002, the area of grain sorghum (half-bloom) and uncultivated land (hard-dough) within 1.6 km of cotton fields were both positively related to predator numbers. Cotton planting dates and the abundance of cotton fleahoppers (Pseudatomoscelis seriatus [Reuter]) were also strongly linked to predator numbers during both years. Results suggest that the total amount of grain sorghum or uncultivated land in an area is more important than the presence of these habitats adjacent to cotton fields, and that landscape composition may sometimes be the most important factor in determining predator abundance. 相似文献