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日本札幌啤酒公司用啤酒糟饲养肉牛,获得了物美价廉的牛肉。札幌啤酒公司规模较大,它的啤酒产量占日本全国产量的70％。这家公司为了获得更多的经济效益,采取废物利用、多种经营的办法,从1978年开始,用啤滔糟 相似文献
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为获得猪札幌病毒病毒基因组连接蛋白(viral protein genome-linked,VPg),本试验以中国西北地区猪札幌病毒CH430株RNA为模板,通过RT-PCR扩增VPg基因,将其克隆至pMD19-T Simple Vector,双酶切及基因测序鉴定后,再亚克隆至pET-30a中构建重组质粒,并转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中进行诱导表达。将纯化的目的蛋白免疫家兔得到超免疫血清。结果显示,获得的VPg基因全长为339bp,编码113个氨基酸。SDS-PAGE结果显示,重组菌在37℃、1.0mmol/L IPTG诱导表达6h时重组蛋白表达量最高,表达的目的蛋白主要以包涵体的形式存在,大小为22ku,与预期结果相符。Western blotting分析结果表明,该重组蛋白与超免疫血清具有良好的反应原性。超免疫血清ELISA效价可达1∶12 800,且具有良好的特异性。本试验获得的超免疫血清为研究猪札幌病毒非结构蛋白VPg的结构与功能奠定了基础。 相似文献
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翁善钢 《广东畜牧兽医科技》2012,37(4):1-4
过去的20多年里,有多种新的猪病病毒出现。猪Torqueteno病毒、猪博卡病毒以及其他新出现的猪细小病毒、猪淋巴细胞疱疹病毒以及猪札幌病毒等感染猪后,通常呈亚临床状态。本文主要讨论上述病毒的传播、流行以及致病情况。 相似文献
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札幌啤酒公司与生命科学研究所最近共同开发一种抗体,能以100肠的准确度判别决定哺乳动物雌雄性别的X精子与Y精子。该公司计划于二、三年后以此种抗体制成决定生产雌性或雄性牛、猪等家畜的药品,供应市场. 相似文献
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日本牧草品种在三江平原试种报告 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为增加三江平原的优良牧草品种，１９８５～１９９２年从日本北海道引入３２个品种试种。结果表明，抗病、耐寒、高产、优质的品种有：铁拖拉杂三叶，早北红三叶，札幌红三叶，北嫩叶紫花苜蓿，留铁斯紫花苜蓿，发斯特牛尾草，爱俄利多草；北绿鸭茅和北连改良种鸭茅有可能成为三江平原寒冷地区的栽培种 相似文献
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猪肠道杯状病毒和猪细环病毒感染是近年受到国内外学者关注的两种新出现的猪病。引起发病的猪肠道杯状病毒主要是猪诺如病毒和猪札幌病毒,这两种病毒能引起仔猪腹泻。细环病毒在猪群中广泛存在,可能同仔猪断乳后多系统衰竭综合征的发生有关。除了这两种病外,各种新出现的猪病病毒感染也具有潜在的威胁,但迄今为止,不少病毒的生物学特性以及致病机理尚不清楚。本文将主要介绍猪肠道杯状病毒(Porcine Enteric Caliciviruses)及猪细环病毒(Torque teno sus viruses,TTSuV)的流行、传播以及诊断等相关情况。 相似文献
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寄生蝇是柞蚕的重要天敌昆虫之一。为帮助生产上识别及防治柞蚕寄生蝇,综合已有的研究报道及最新的研究结果,从分类地位、成虫形态特征、地理分布、寄主及发生危害等方面对柞蚕饰腹寄蝇[Blepharipa tibialis(Chao)]、蚕饰腹寄蝇[Blepharipa zebina(Walker)]、家蚕追寄蝇[Exorista sorbillans(Wiedemann)]、坎坦追寄蝇(Exorista cantans Mesnil)、札幌毛瓣寄蝇(Nemoraea sapporensis Kocha)和舞毒蛾克麻蝇[Kramerea schuetzei(Kramer)]共6种危害柞蚕的寄生蝇进行系统概述,其中,舞毒蛾克麻蝇为柞蚕天敌昆虫新记录种。 相似文献
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为探明不同储存环境对蛋壳表面沙门氏菌存活和向蛋内迁移的影响,在鸡蛋壳表面人工接种肠炎沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和鸡白痢沙门氏菌,试验环境设定温度4、25和37℃,环境相对湿度（RH）设定为50%和90%,在不同的储存环境下,各个时间点检测蛋壳表面沙门氏菌数量与蛋内容物中沙门氏菌污染情况。结果显示,4℃环境下可显著减少蛋壳表面3种沙门氏菌的数量;50% RH、25和37℃环境下蛋壳表面3种沙门氏菌的数量均逐渐下降;90% RH、25℃环境下蛋壳表面肠炎沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在个别时间点出现数量反弹,其总体数量呈现下降趋势,37℃环境下鸡白痢沙门氏菌的数量快速下降,而肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的数量先下降后上升,并保持在接种的数量级水平。鸡蛋内容物的检测结果显示,肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌在高温、高湿环境下更易被检出,而鸡白痢沙门氏菌始终未被检出。综上所述,低温、低湿可减少蛋壳表面沙门氏菌存活,并阻止其菌体向蛋内迁移,高温、高湿环境促进蛋壳表面沙门氏菌的增殖,增加了其向蛋内迁移的几率,不同血清型沙门氏菌在鸡蛋壳表面的存活和向蛋内迁移的侵袭力存在一定差异。 相似文献
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铅、镉胁迫对饲用高粱生长及铅、镉吸收和累积的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用盆栽试验研究了不同浓度的土壤外源重金属Pb,Cd及其复合胁迫对饲用高粱（Sorghum vulgare）生长的影响及其对Pb和Cd的积累能力。结果表明：随着Pb和Cd单一及复合胁迫浓度的增加,饲用高粱株高、生物量呈降低趋势,Pb和Cd含量呈增加趋势,茎鞘Cd含量及Cd累积量高于叶片,叶片Pb含量及Pb累积量高于茎鞘。在复合胁迫下,低、中浓度的Pb和Cd处理表现出相互促进吸收累积,高浓度处理表现出相互抑制吸收累积的特性,饲用高粱对Cd的富集能力远大于Pb。研究结果将为利用饲用高粱修复重金属污染土壤提供理论依据。 相似文献
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三探草坪的起源、演化及其概念——几种外文、外语“草坪”一词及其他 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
初步发掘、整理了英、德、拉丁、俄、日等五种文字、语言中草坪一词内积淀的有关草坪起源与演化的信息。三证草坪草的分化 ,草坪的起源与早期演化均属自然。人类活动于草坪中 ,认识、利用和发展了草坪 ,可以劲直、也可以曲折。人类利用草坪的方式 ,无论中、外大致相同 ,利用的水平与社会整体发展的水平大体相应。草坪由草地分化发育 ,是草地的一个特殊类型。 相似文献
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Ronald D. Sande DVM PhD Trygve T. Poppe DVM Dr. Scient 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1995,36(6):551-558
Diagnostic ultrasound examination was performed on 53 mature, tranquillized, Atlantic salmon. Wild fish and farmed fish were equally represented. The purpose was to find a rapid method of examination that could be used to identify and separate fish with cardiomyopathy syndrome while fish are tranquillized for other procedures. Three methods of examination were studied. The non-elastic pericardium and absence of lungs results in cardiac function which is clearly different from that in mammals. M-mode echocardiography was complex, technical and time consuming and calculated fractional shortening was not reliable. Subjective evaluation of the heart and liver was valuable and easy to perform. Measurement of the transverse dimension of the atrium and ventricle on a ventro-dorsal axis through the cranial limit of the A-V valve gave acceptable objective data for comparison of the ventricular and atrial size. Diagnostic ultrasound is both practical and valuable for the clinical study of disease in fish. 相似文献
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采用GMA半薄切片法,首次深入研究了中国十字花科(Brassicaceae)76种及7变种(包括9族35属)果实的微形态,结果显示十字花科果实分两侧压扁及背腹压扁。除乌头荠族、紫罗兰族的果实无毛状体外,其他7个族均具单细胞毛。毛状体分为4种类型:单毛不分枝、丁字毛、分叉毛及星状毛。独行菜族果实具翅,包括微翅、周翅、宽翅及披针形翅。中果皮通常由薄壁细胞层及纤维层构成,少数物种的中果皮细胞木化(如南芥族、独行菜族、香花芥族)。维管束多数,分布于果皮薄壁组织。假隔膜通常为2层薄壁细胞,但南芥族及香花芥族少数属种的假隔膜细胞木化,三肋菘蓝及厚壁荠未见明显假隔膜。十字花科果实特征通常在属内是稳定的,具有重要的分类学价值。本研究完善了十字花科果实形态学,为该科族或属的划分提供了形态学依据,为分子系统学的研究提供了形态学支持,并为进一步深入研究十字花科系统学提供了基础资料。 相似文献
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饲粮钙、磷水平对泌乳期伊犁母马营养物质消化代谢和血浆生理生化指标的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本试验旨在探讨饲粮钙、磷水平对泌乳期伊犁母马体重、胸围、营养物质表观消化率和代谢以及血浆生理生化指标的影响,为确定泌乳期伊犁母马钙、磷适宜需要量提供参考。选取年龄(11~14周岁)、体重[(371±21)kg]和胎次(4~6胎)接近的处于第2泌乳月的伊犁母马25匹,随机分为5组,每组5匹。第3泌乳月Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组母马钙饲喂水平分别为45.03、48.50、51.96、55.43和58.89 g/d,磷饲喂水平分别为30.05、32.03、34.01、35.99和37.97 g/d;第4和第5泌乳月Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组母马钙饲喂水平分别为43.60、46.42、49.25、52.07和54.92 g/d,磷饲喂水平分别为27.63、29.24、30.86、32.47和34.12 g/d。试验为期90 d,每30 d为1个试验周期。结果显示:饲粮钙、磷水平对母马体重和胸围以及干物质、有机物和中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率均无显著影响(P0.05)。Ⅴ组的粗蛋白质表观消化率最高,分别比Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组提高12.26%、12.37%和18.28%(P0.05);Ⅰ组的总能表观消化率最高,分别比Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组提高8.32%、7.19%和11.24%(P0.05);Ⅰ和Ⅲ组的钙表观消化率分别较Ⅳ组提高17.74%和14.49%(P0.05);Ⅲ组的磷表观消化率最高,比Ⅱ组提高35.39%(P0.05)。饲粮钙、磷水平对母马氮和钙代谢均无显著影响(P0.05)。Ⅰ组的代谢能较Ⅱ和Ⅳ组分别增加7.95%和11.33%(P0.05);Ⅰ组的能量沉积率较Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组分别提高9.30%、8.50%和12.10%(P0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅴ组的磷沉积量显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05),其中Ⅲ组在各组中最高,比Ⅱ组提高42.59%;Ⅰ和Ⅲ组的磷沉积率显著高于Ⅱ和Ⅳ组(P0.05),其中Ⅰ组在各组中最高,分别比Ⅱ和Ⅳ组提高49.67%和46.32%;Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅴ组的磷利用率显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05),分别比Ⅱ组提高17.74%、18.80%和16.79%。饲粮钙、磷水平对血浆中离子钙、磷、降钙素、骨钙素、胎盘催乳素、垂体泌乳素、雌二醇、孕酮和雌酮水平均无显著影响(P0.05)。Ⅲ组的血浆中甲状旁腺素水平显著高于Ⅳ和Ⅴ组(P0.05),分别提高70.61%和47.58%。由此得出,Ⅰ组饲粮(在第3泌乳月钙、磷饲喂水平分别为45.03和30.05 g/d,第4和第5泌乳月钙、磷饲喂水平分别为43.60和27.63 g/d)即可满足伊犁母马泌乳期的钙、磷需要。适宜的饲粮钙、磷水平有助于维持较高水平的能量和钙的表观消化率以及能量和磷的沉积和利用。 相似文献
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Isolation and pathogenicity of Australian strains of Eimeria praecox and Eimeria mitis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
WK JORGENSEN NP STEWART PJ JESTON JB MOLLOY GW BLIGHT RJ DALGLIESH 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(8):592-595
Objective To determine the presence of E praecox and E mitis in Australia, to isolate representative strains of these species from chickens and determine their pathogenicity.
Design Morphological, physiological and cross protection studies were undertaken to confirm the identity of Australian isolates of E praecox and E mitis.
Procedure Oocysts were isolated from a backyard flock at Jimboomba, southeastern Queensland and numbers of E praecox and E mitis enriched by passage in chickens immune to five other species of poultry Eimeria . Oocysts of mean conformation and size of the two species were purified by single oocyst passage. Two isolates that closely matched recorded parameters for E praecox and E mitis were selected and designated JP and JM respectively. The cross protection between the isolates and E acervulina was determined by infection and challenge experiments. The virulence of the two isolates was determined by comparing weight gains of groups of birds inoculated with JP isolate or JM isolate with untreated groups.
Results Isolates JP and JM most closely matched recorded parameters of E praecox and E mitis respectively. Groups of chickens, previously infected with JP and JM isolates, showed no significant protection against infection with E acervulina . In a separate trial, groups of susceptible chickens inoculated with 105 oocysts of JP and JM isolates showed significantly reduced weight gains compared with untreated controls.
Conclusion Isolates JP and JM are E praecox and E mitis respectively, confirming the presence of these species in Australia. These isolates were found capable of causing significant reductions in weight gains in susceptible chickens. 相似文献
Design Morphological, physiological and cross protection studies were undertaken to confirm the identity of Australian isolates of E praecox and E mitis.
Procedure Oocysts were isolated from a backyard flock at Jimboomba, southeastern Queensland and numbers of E praecox and E mitis enriched by passage in chickens immune to five other species of poultry Eimeria . Oocysts of mean conformation and size of the two species were purified by single oocyst passage. Two isolates that closely matched recorded parameters for E praecox and E mitis were selected and designated JP and JM respectively. The cross protection between the isolates and E acervulina was determined by infection and challenge experiments. The virulence of the two isolates was determined by comparing weight gains of groups of birds inoculated with JP isolate or JM isolate with untreated groups.
Results Isolates JP and JM most closely matched recorded parameters of E praecox and E mitis respectively. Groups of chickens, previously infected with JP and JM isolates, showed no significant protection against infection with E acervulina . In a separate trial, groups of susceptible chickens inoculated with 10
Conclusion Isolates JP and JM are E praecox and E mitis respectively, confirming the presence of these species in Australia. These isolates were found capable of causing significant reductions in weight gains in susceptible chickens. 相似文献
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乳牛骨软症的调查研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
本文对哈尔滨奶牛场发生的以异嗜、跛行等为特征的乳牛疾病进行了调查研究,分析研究了日粮成分,临床表现,血清钙、无机磷、镁和羟脯氨酸的含量及变化,以及尾椎密度的测定值。结果表明,日粮中钙过多,磷、镁供给不足,钙、磷比例过大是致病的主要原因。并分析研究了乳牛血液生化指标的变化和尾椎骨密度的测定法对诊断和监测骨软症和钙、磷、镁代谢动态的意义。 相似文献
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Wilson RT 《Tropical animal health and production》2003,35(1):27-46
This paper describes the domestic livestock of the Republic of Yemen and aspires to complement earlier sources listing or partially describing `breeds'. It attempts to cover all species and provide indications of production parameters through a literature review and via field observations made by the author in 1999. Information is provided on livestock numbers and the economic importance of animal production. Most animals are kept in sedentary mixed crop–livestock production systems; transhumant systems have the next greatest number of stock; with nomadic systems being of least and declining importance. Yemen's livestock appear to comprise at least 11 breeds of sheep, 5 breeds of goat, 2 breeds of cattle, 4 breeds of camel, 2 breeds of donkey and 1 breed of horse. There are no data on breeds of poultry but domestic fowl (where clearly considerable diversity exists) and pigeons are kept. There is little formal information on the history and relationships of most breeds. Some appear to be of ancient local origin, whereas others show affinities with those of neighbouring and other countries. None of the identified types is considered endangered, so conservation would be premature. A more formal and detailed genetic characterization, to add to the largely morphological and traditional classification, may, however, reveal such a need. 相似文献