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人兽共患病不仅影响我国畜牧业的发展,也威胁人民的生命安全。虽然我国对人兽共患病防控工作的重视性不断提高,但是整个过程依旧存在一些问题,比如公众认识不足、科研水平较低、监控体系不够健全、防控经费不足等,这些都直接影响到人兽共患病防控工作的有效进行。本文针对我国人兽共患病防控存在的问题进行分析,探究加强人兽共患病防控工作的具体对策,希望能为相关从业者提供有效参考依据。 相似文献
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人兽共患病顾名思义就是人类与动物都可能罹患的疾病,也是能够在人类与动物之间相互感染、传播的疾病。做好人兽共患病畜间防控的意义在于既保障人畜安全与健康,也能促进农业经济有序发展。实践中,做好人兽共患病畜间防控不仅需要完善顶层设计,强化制度建设,也需要严格闭环管理,落实责任主体,还需要重视宣传引导,提高认识水平。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2017,(5)
<正>按照世界卫生组织和联合国粮农组织的定义,人兽共患病是指"人和动物由共同病原体引起的,又在流行病学上有关联的疾病"。目前世界上有1415种人类疾病的病原体,61%为人兽共患病。其中175种被新发现的疾病中132种是人兽共患病。人兽共患病不仅严重影响动物健康,影响畜牧业稳定健康发展,更重要的是危及人民群众身体健康,所以要切实加强人兽共患病防控工作,确保养殖业生产安全、动物产品质量安全和公共卫生安全。 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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