共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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浅析黏膜免疫在禽疾病中的重要性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黏膜免疫系统是有肠相关淋巴组织、支气管相关淋巴组织及其他黏膜相关淋巴组织组成的免疫系统。包括肠道黏膜集合淋巴结、呼吸道和泌尿生殖道黏膜下层的淋巴小结和弥散型淋巴组织．含有丰富的B细胞、T细胞和巨噬细胞。黏膜相关淋巴组织不同于其他免疫系统，它是受黏膜表面的抗原物质刺激而形成的免疫系统。即是机体整个免疫系统的重要组成部分，同时具有独特功能的独立免疫系统。 相似文献
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黏膜免疫系统是有肠相关淋巴组织、支气管相关淋巴组织及其他黏膜相关淋巴组织组成的免疫系统。包括肠道黏膜集合淋巴结、呼吸道和泌尿生殖道黏膜下层的淋巴小结和弥散型淋巴组织,含有丰富的B细胞、T细胞和巨噬细胞。黏膜相关淋巴组织不同于其他免疫系统,它是受黏膜表面的抗原物质刺激而形成的免疫系统,即是机体整个免疫系统的重要组成部分,同时具有独特功能的独立免疫系统。黏膜免疫重要成分是免疫球蛋白IgA,以单体和二聚体两种分子形式存在,单体存在于学清中,二聚体由呼吸道、消化道和生殖道等部位黏膜固有层的浆细胞产生,是有两个单体… 相似文献
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为探讨鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)感染与宿主固有免疫系统的相互作用及其致病与免疫机制,本研究采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测IBV变异株GX-YL5感染鸡后不同时间点气管黏膜和哈德氏腺中固有免疫相关受体和细胞因子的mRNA水平以及IBV载量的动态变化。结果显示,气管黏膜和哈德氏腺中Toll样受体TLR2、TLR3、TLR6、TLR7、趋化因子MIP-1β和趋化因子受体CXCR4、CCR4在IBV感染后1~8天以及细胞因子IFN-α、IFN-β、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10在IBV感染后1~5天,mRNA转录水平至少有一个时间点显著(P0.05)或极显著(P0.01)上调;感染后14~28天,一些受体和细胞因子的mRNA则出现下调;气管黏膜和哈德氏腺的IBV病毒载量在感染后立即上升,第3天达到峰值,随后下降。结果表明,IBV感染早期气管黏膜和哈德氏腺中固有免疫相关受体和细胞因子的mRNA转录水平显著上调,说明IBV感染对宿主固有免疫应答产生明显的影响。 相似文献
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通过对黏膜免疫系统的构成、黏膜免疫反应、猪黏膜免疫系统的功能以及黏膜免疫系统的检测四方面内容的阐述,介绍了猪黏膜免疫系统的重要性及其检测方法的研究近况,为疫苗免疫效果提供新的评价方法以及为相关生物制品的发展提供重要技术支撑。 相似文献
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乳腺黏膜免疫与细胞因子佐剂 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1 黏膜免疫系统与分泌型ＩｇＡ(ｓＩｇＡ)黏膜免疫系统系指外周淋巴器官中的黏膜部分 ,该系统包括主要抗原接触部位、初次应答诱导部位以及一些较大的表面区域。这里含有特定的淋巴组织 ,它们与环境中的抗原接触诱导Ｂ和Ｔ淋巴细胞反应 ,然后特异的淋巴细胞外流 ,定居到各效应位点而成为浆细胞 ,分泌ＩｇＡ起诱导局部免疫的保护作用。ｓＩｇＡ是黏膜免疫系统的主要防御因子 ,在分泌液中以双链或四链的形式存在 ,比单链有更大的抗原结合力 ,此外 ,ｓＩｇＡ还具有黏膜亲和性及抗蛋白酶降解的作用 ,因而有助于它与病毒及细菌的结合 ,从而阻断… 相似文献
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黏膜是病原体入侵的主要门户,黏膜表面有高度集中的淋巴组织,一个黏膜部位的免疫反应可以诱发所有黏膜效应组织免疫反应的出现.黏膜免疫还可以诱导全身免疫应答,是目前疫苗研究的新方向,但黏膜免疫佐剂及免疫途径的发展制约着黏膜免疫的效果.文章对黏膜免疫佐剂及其途径进行了综述. 相似文献
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动物肠道共生着数量庞大、结构复杂的菌群,而肠壁内存在着为数众多、功能强大的黏膜淋巴细胞。肠道菌群具有促进肠黏膜免疫系统生长与发育和调控肠黏膜屏障与免疫功能的双重作用。本文主要从动物肠道菌群的定植与特性、肠黏膜免疫细胞的功能以及肠道菌群对肠黏膜屏障与免疫功能的调控作用进行综述。 相似文献
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Oral immunisation of pigs with fimbrial antigens of enterotoxigenic E. coli: an interesting model to study mucosal immune mechanisms 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Cox E Van der Stede Y Verdonck F Snoeck V Van den Broeck W Goddeeris B 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2002,87(3-4):287-290
The intestinal mucosal immune system can discriminate actively between harmful pathogenic agents and harmless food antigens resulting in different immune responses namely IgA production and oral tolerance, respectively. Recently, a pig model has been developed for studying intestinal mucosal immune responses in which F4 fimbrial antigens of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (F4 ETEC) are used as oral antigens. A unique feature of this model is that soluble F4 antigens can be administered to pigs which have a receptor for this fimbriae (F4R(+)) on their small intestinal villous enterocytes and pigs which do not have this receptor (F4R(-)). Oral administration of F4 to the F4R(+) pigs results in an intestinal mucosal immune response that completely protects the pigs against a challenge infection. In F4R(-) pigs such an intestinal mucosal immune response does not occur. However, a priming of the systemic immune system can be seen similar to the priming in pigs fed with the same dose of a food antigen, suggesting that F4 in F4R(-) pigs behaves as a food antigen. The fact that different mucosal immune responses can be induced with soluble F4, makes it an interesting model to study mucosal immune mechanisms in the pig. 相似文献
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Enhancement of mucosal immune responses by intranasal co-delivery of Newcastle disease vaccine plus CpG oligonucleotide in SPF chickens in vivo 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) have been tested as immunoadjuvants for various vaccines in mice and human. Findings from previous reports suggest that CpG ODN can be used to enhance magnitude and balance of an immune response while reducing undesirable side effects of commercial vaccine, when delivered by parenteral route. Recently, it has been showed that CpG ODN is a promising mucosal adjuvant in mice, but data on mucosal immune responses induced by CpG ODN in other animals, especially in chickens, are scarce. Herein, we evaluated intranasal (IN) delivery of CpG ODN with newcastle disease (ND) vaccine (NDV) to determine its potential as a mucosal adjuvant to a commercial vaccine. CpG ODN augmented systemic (IgG in serum, T cell proliferation) and mucosal (IgA in intestinal washings and feces) immune responses against antigen. CpG ODN stimulated effectively both systemic and mucosal immune responses when delivered intranasally. Results from this study indicate that stimulatory CpG ODN is a potential effective mucosal adjuvant for the NDV in SPF chickens and may be applicable to husbandry animals. 相似文献
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The mucosal immune system is exposed to a range of antigens associated with pathogens, to which it must mount active immune responses. However, it is also exposed to a large number of harmless antigens associated with food and with commensal microbial flora, to which expression of active, inflammatory immune responses to these antigens is undesirable. The mucosal immune system must contain machinery capable of evaluating the antigens to which it is exposed and mounting appropriate effector or regulatory responses. Since the immune system is likely to have evolved initially in mucosal tissues, the requirement to prevent damaging allergic responses must be at least as old as the adaptive immune system, and studies of the mechanisms should include a range of non-mammalian species. Despite the importance for rational design of vaccines and for control of allergic reactions, the mechanisms involved are still largely unclear. It is not clear that the classical experimental protocol of "oral tolerance" is, in fact, measuring a biologically important phenomenon, nor is it clear whether tolerance is regulated in the evolutionarily recent organised lymphoid tissue (the lymph nodes) or the more ancient, diffuse architecture in the intestine. The capacity of the immune system to discriminate between "dangerous" and "harmless" antigens appears to develop with age and exposure to microbial flora. Thus, the ability of an individual or a group of animals to correctly regulate mucosal immune responses will depend on age, genetics and on their microbial environment and history. Attempts to manipulate the mucosal immune system towards active immune responses by oral vaccines, or towards oral tolerance, are likely to be confounded by environmentally-induced variability between individuals and between groups of animals. 相似文献