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研究硬刺松潘裸鲤(Gymnocypris potanini firmispinatus)早期生活史阶段的发育规律,为松潘裸鲤的亚种分化研究、规模化人工繁殖和苗种培育提供理论依据。松潘裸鲤亲鱼采自雅砻江支流安宁河流域。雌鱼6~13龄,全长12.1~24.2cm,体重16.1~115.8g;雄鱼3~9龄,全长8.2~14.5cm,体重5.2~23.8g。结果显示,硬刺松潘裸鲤受精卵呈圆形,黄色,卵径(2.82±0.10)mm;水温(16±1)℃下,硬刺松潘裸鲤的胚胎发育历时183h45min,胚胎发育过程分为受精卵、胚盘形成、卵裂、囊胚、原肠、神经胚、器官分化和出膜共8个阶段、31个时期;出膜仔鱼全长(7.82±0.19)mm;出膜10d后,仔鱼的鳃、口、胸鳍、尾鳍、鳔、肠道等功能器官先后形成;出膜13d后卵黄囊消失,全长(14.33±0.51)mm;出膜40d后各鳍基本长成,体型和体色接近成鱼,进入幼鱼阶段。硬刺松潘裸鲤为地区重要的小型经济鱼类,主要分布在雅砻江中游各大干支流中,在形态和生态上形成一系列的适应性,早期发育过程与其栖息的环境同样具有一定的适应性。 相似文献
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黄河裸裂尻鱼胚胎发育和双头鱼形态初步观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用观察法和描述法对黄河裸裂尻鱼胚胎发育进行试验研究。黄河裸裂尻鱼成熟卵卵径(2.3±0.1)mm,卵为淡黄色、微粘性,吸水后失去粘性;受精卵在(16.5±0.7)℃下历时约165 h20 min,经过卵裂阶段、囊胚阶段、原肠胚阶段、器官发生阶段、出膜阶段等一系列过程孵化出膜。初孵仔鱼全长(10.1±0.2)mm。128细胞期开始出现卵黄运动,随后运动加剧,但在器官发生阶段不明显。1尾雌鱼孵化出的1.4万尾仔鱼中有约1.1万尾为双头。双头鱼有3种形态,发育至第21天全部死亡。 相似文献
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《福建水产》2015,(6)
在(24±1)℃温度条件下观察长丰鲢(Changfeng silver carp)受精卵发育过程及其胚胎发育各个时期的形态特征。结果显示:长丰鲢受精卵为漂流性卵(半浮性卵),无油球,细胞质均匀分布,卵径为(1.55±0.05)mm,吸水后卵膜膨大,卵径达到(5.10±0.40)mm。在水温(24±1)℃的条件下,胚胎发育总历时为(28.5±1.0)h,胚胎发育过程所需总积温为(685.0±62.3)℃獉h。长丰鲢受精卵卵裂方式与其他家鱼一样,属于盘状卵裂,本文依据胚胎发育各阶段的形态特征,将其划分为7个连续发育的关键阶段,18个不同的时期,分别为受精卵期、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期、器官发生期和出膜期。 相似文献
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对棘头梅童鱼(Collichthys lucidus)早期发育阶段的胚胎与仔鱼形态特征进行了观察和研究,分析了胚胎和仔鱼的生长发育特征。研究表明,棘头梅童鱼受精卵为圆球形,透明,油球1个,卵径(1. 182±0. 041)mm,油球直径(0. 458±0. 015) mm;在水温(25. 00±0. 50)℃、盐度23～24条件下,受精卵经20 h 20 min孵化出膜。棘头梅童鱼胚胎发育过程可划分为合子、卵裂、囊胚、原肠胚、神经胚、器官形成及出膜7个阶段,共24个发育时期。在水温(26. 00±0. 24)℃、盐度23～24条件下,初孵仔鱼平均全长(2. 536±0. 059) mm,出膜后9 d内为早期仔鱼阶段,以内源性营养耗尽为主要特征; 9～25 d为晚期仔鱼阶段,各鳍条发育齐全,鳞片出现。 相似文献
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通过干法授精获得乌原鲤受精卵,对其胚胎发育全过程进行连续观察。结果显示,乌原鲤成熟卵子呈圆球形、亮黄色、具黏性,卵径1.68~1.98mm,吸水膨胀后卵径2.28~2.57mm。水温(20±1)℃时,受精卵至出膜时长为80.8h,积温1616.0℃·h。乌原鲤胚胎发育与其他鱼类胚胎发育过程相似,历经受精卵、卵裂、囊胚、原肠胚、神经胚、器官形成至出膜6阶段,各发育阶段所需积温分别为44.4、136.0、127.0、130.2、55.0、1123.4℃·h。出膜阶段历时47.45h,初孵仔鱼自尾部破膜孵出,全长约6.10mm,体高1.60mm。温度对乌原鲤胚胎发育及出膜阶段影响明显,水温(20±1)℃比水温(15±1)℃胚胎仔鱼出膜时间更早、出膜更同步、出膜时段更集中。 相似文献
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为建立喷点雪印小丑鱼(Amphiprion sp.)人工繁育技术,在人工模拟自然条件下对其繁殖习性、胚胎发育及胚后发育进行观察。结果表明：喷点雪印小丑鱼受精卵长径为1.9～2.1 mm,短径为0.93～0.95 mm;胚胎发育主要经历受精卵期→胚盘期→卵裂期→囊胚期→原肠胚期→神经胚期→器官形成期→孵化期等;在水温为(27±0.5)℃时,受精卵约需197 h孵化出膜。初孵仔鱼全长(4.415±0.412) mm,身体透明,鳍膜明显,卵黄囊仅剩小部分残留,并已开口摄食。9日龄全长(6.813±0.835) mm,鳍膜消失,各鳍基本形成,头部开始出现纹带,进入稚鱼期。21日龄全长(10.581±2.659) mm,身体被鳞,体色、纹路开始分化。35日龄全长(15.512±4.927) mm,形成4种不同体色、纹路的幼鱼。作为人工选育的品系,喷点雪印小丑鱼胚后发育过程中最为明显的变化是幼鱼期体色、纹路等形态特征的形成与分化。 相似文献
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以鞍带石斑鱼为母本,云纹石斑鱼为父本,采用人工授精技术进行了种间反交实验,并对反交子代的胚胎发育和仔稚幼鱼的生长情况进行了观察,进而与亲本及正交F1云龙石斑鱼(♀)×鞍带石斑鱼(♂)的表型性状进行对比分析。结果显示,反交子代受精卵为圆形、透明、浮性卵,卵径为(0.787±0.013) mm,有1个油球,居卵中央,在水温为24°C、盐度30、pH为7.8的孵化条件下,胚胎可以正常发育,经历受精卵、卵裂、囊胚、原肠胚、器官形成和出膜6个阶段25个时期完成胚胎发育,初孵仔鱼全长为(1.595±0.015)mm,说明反交的可行性。孵化后3 d,卵黄囊消失,由前期仔鱼发育为后期仔鱼,全长(2.530±0.023) mm。孵化后52 d进入稚鱼期,全长(17.500±1.915) mm,第二背鳍棘长(5.795±0.049) mm,第一腹鳍棘长(2.992±0.911) mm;58 d稚鱼背鳍棘收缩至最小值(4.460±0.600) mm时,鳞片和体色开始出现。孵化后67 d进入幼鱼期,全长(34.500±1.291)mm,第二背鳍棘和第一腹鳍棘完全退化,体型与成鱼相似,全身覆盖鳞片,反交F_1体色不一致,具4种表现型。生长对比结果显示,正反交F_1的发育速率均介于亲本之间,均快于云纹石斑鱼,慢于鞍带石斑鱼,反交F_1生长速率慢于正交F_1。研究结果为石斑鱼杂交优势性状形成及遗传解析提供了一定数据基础。 相似文献
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野生的黄鲷亲鱼经人工驯养后,在繁殖期注射催产激素,获得受精卵,对早期发育(从受精卵到初孵仔鱼)的形态特征进行过程观察,描述了各发育时期的形态特征和发育速度.黄鲷的受精卵为圆球形浮性卵,受精卵径为0.848～1.018 mm、油球直径为0.178～0.215 mm.在水温(24.5±0.5)℃,盐度33.6条件下,受精卵约经28～30 h孵出仔鱼.实验记录了从受精卵到出膜后的22个发育时期的特征及发育时间,拍摄了22张具有代表性的胚胎和仔鱼图片,胚胎发育可分为22个发育期,初孵仔鱼全长2.22 mm. 相似文献
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将黄鳝的受精卵静水控温孵化后,经活体解剖和透明处理,记录黄鳝孵化时序,显微观察并拍摄黄鳝胚胎发育及胚后发育过程的形态特征。黄鳝卵圆球型,橙黄或淡黄色,沉性,卵粒重25～38mg,卵径1.7～3.1mm。受精吸水3～5min膨胀后,卵径增大至3.0～3.7mm。黄鳝出膜时全长15～21mm,卵黄吸收完成时,全长25～35mm。黄鳝胚胎发育过程中出现具有丰富的微血管分布的胸鳍。胸鳍在胚体出膜后卵黄囊完全消失前退化。在温度26℃时,胚胎发育所需时间为168h,所需积温“度·时”值为4368;在温度32℃时,胚胎发育所需时间为144h,所需积温“度·时”值为4608。在温度32℃时,胚后发育所需时间(从出膜至卵黄全部吸收)为216h,所需积温“度·时”值为6912。26～30℃是黄鳝卵适宜的胚胎发育温度。 相似文献
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研究了卤虫无节幼体、专用仔鱼料、鳗鱼仔鱼料等3种不同饵料对西藏尖裸鲤(Oxygymnocypris stewartii)、异齿裂腹鱼(Schizothorax o'connori Lloyd)、拉萨裂腹鱼(Schizothorax waltoni Regan)等3种鱼类仔鱼生长和存活的影响。实验尖裸鲤、异齿裂腹鱼、拉萨裂腹鱼仔鱼的初始全长分别为(13.29±0.52)mm、(12.29±0.44)mm、(15.81±0.50)mm,实验周期分别为25 d、25 d、15 d。结果表明:与其他饵料组相比,投喂专用仔鱼料组,异齿裂腹鱼仔鱼和拉萨裂腹鱼仔鱼的平均全长、全长增加倍数以及存活率均高于其他各组,并有显著差异;尖裸鲤仔鱼的平均全长和全长增长倍数也高于其他各组,但存活率较投喂卤虫无节幼体低,并有显著差异。 相似文献
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Francisco Javier Sánchez Rosa Cal Juan José Otero María Jesús Lago Castora Gómez José Iglesias 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(11):1729-1733
For the first time, a spontaneous spawning of hake was recorded in Spain in April 2009. The spawn was obtained from broodstock kept in captivity for two years at the facilities of the Spanish Institute of Oceanography in Vigo (NW Spain). Eggs were transparent, spherical and had an average diameter of 1.067 ± 0.024 mm; yolk occupied the majority of egg volume. The oil droplet had a diameter of 0.27 ± 0.03 mm. The incubation period of the eggs lasted for 4 days at 14°C and the duration from hatching to the total absorption of the yolk sac was between 5–7 days after hatching, at the same temperature. Newly hatched larvae had an average total length of 3.20 ± 0.13 mm and began feeding 6 days after hatching; a daily growth rate of 0.158 mm day‐1 was observed from hatching to yolk sac consumption. This paper describes the daily evolution of biometric and morphological characteristics of the different stages of embryos and larvae of European hake up to the age of 19 days. 相似文献
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Ming‐Yih Leu Pei‐Jie Meng Chao‐Sheng Huang Kwee Siong Tew Jimmy Kuo Chyng‐Hwa Liou 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(9):e39-e52
Successful natural spawning of Chaetodontoplus septentrionalis in captivity from 19 March to 11 May, 2008 is described for the first time. A single male dominates a harem of two females, spawning with each at dusk, from 10 min before to 20 min after sunset. Each female laid an average 119 × 103 eggs during the spawning period. Fertilized eggs were spherical, buoyant and had a diameter of 0.83 ± 0.02 mm (mean ± SD). Embryonic development lasted 15–18 h at 28.1 °C. Newly hatched larvae were 1.60 ± 0.07 mm in total length (TL) with 27 myomeres. Larvae completed yolk absorption within 3 days post hatching (ph) at 3.01 ± 0.08 mm TL. Ten days ph, the larvae had attained 3.95 ± 0.12 mm TL. Larvae were fed either 100% s‐type rotifers (Brachionus rotundiformis), 100% copepods (Microsetella sp.), a combination of the two (50%:50%) or without live feed (starved control) to determine the effect of live feed on the survival rate. The survival was significantly (P<0.001) higher in larvae fed a combination of diet than the others. These results indicate that C. septentrionalis is a potential species for captive breeding programs and the use of a combination of diet (s‐type rotifers and copepods) may be a suitable first food for the larvae. 相似文献
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At 25 °C, metamorphosis in leopard grouper Mycteroperca rosacea larvae took 60 days after hatching. The total length at day 1 was 1.95±0.22 mm and juveniles reached a length of 30.64±0.23 mm at day 60; the increase was approximately linear. We describe eight stages of development during this period. Larvae with the yolk sac attached occur from days 1 to 4 (Stages 1 and 2). The preflexion occurs on days 5–20 (Stages 3 and 4). Bending notochord occurred at day 25 (Stage 5). The other morphological changes that precede the juvenile phase occurred progressively until day 60 (Stages 6–8). Allometric growth in the height and length of the head, trunk length, height and length of the tail and the diameter of the eye compared with the total length showed two distinct stages of growth. Inflexion point, where growth is positive, occurred when larvae reached between 18.75 and 21.59 mm, which corresponds to larvae at days 35–40. 相似文献
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Mature Brazilian flounders Paralichthys orbignyanus were captured in coastal southern Brazil and their reproduction in captivity was studied. Brazilian flounder will spawn naturally in captivity when the water temperature is around 23 °C and 14 h of light is provided daily. Females were induced for ovulation and hand stripping using human chorionic gonadotropin, luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone analogue or carp pituitary extract. There was no need to inject males, as running milt was observed during the spawning season. Fertilization and hatching rates were above 80% independent of the hormone used. Notochord length at hatching was 2.18±0.07 mm for larvae hatching from naturally spawned eggs. Larvae were reared in salt water (30–35 g L?1) at 24 °C and under continuous illumination. Larviculture was with green water (Tetraselmis tetrathele 50 × 104 cells mL?1). Rotifers (10–20 ind mL?1) were offered as first food 3 days after hatching and gradually replaced by Artemia nauplii (0.5–10 ind mL?1). Larvae settled to the bottom 20 days after hatching and completed metamorphosis within a week after that. The total length for newly metamorphosed juveniles was 12.9±2.2 mm and the mean survival was 44.8%. The results demonstrate the feasibility of producing Brazilian flounder fingerlings for stock enhancement or grow‐out purposes. 相似文献
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Leonardo Ibarra‐Castro Luis Alvarez‐Lajonchère 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2011,42(4):564-574
Sexual maturation and induced spawning treatments were carried out with captive spotted rose snapper, Lutjanus guttatus. A total of 3013 × 106 eggs (64.7% were floating) were produced from eight treated females in 42 spawns induced with GnRHa implants during the course of the present study. GnRHa ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer effective doses were 204 ± 11 µg/kg in June 2005, and 224 ± 13 µg/kg in July 2005. General fertilization was 50.9 ± 34.5% and 12–14 h after spawning, viability of floating eggs was 90.4 ± 12.4%. Mean incubation period at 29–31 C was 18–20 h, and mean hatching was 94.4 ± 8.2% (73–100%). Newly hatched larvae were 2.18 ± 0.15 mm in total length (TL). One month after the last hormone experiment, previously GnRHa‐treated and untreated fish began spawning voluntarily. Hormone‐treated breeders had higher fecundity than untreated fish, producing 72.5 million eggs versus 13.9 million eggs for the untreated fish, over the following 11 mo. Combined data of volitional spawning for total egg fertilization, viability, hatching, and larval TL were 77.7 ± 1.8%, 90.3 ± 1.3%, 87.9 ± 2%, and 2.50 ± 0.12 mm, respectively. These results can ensure the sustainability of a commercial hatchery. 相似文献
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Herein, we describe the embryonic and larval development stages of Coilia nasus, an anadromous fish that is indigenous to the Yangtze River and the northwest region of the Pacific Ocean. The success of artificial breeding programmes and modern methods of reproduction allowed us to accurately describe the development stages of C. nasus. These stages were recorded using a binocular microscope and a digital camera‐equipped microscope, and histological and scanning electron microscopy observations were also conducted. Development can be divided into four periods: embryonic, prelarval, larval and juvenile. The fertilized eggs were spherical, transparent, non‐adhesives and buoyant, with an average diameter of 0.80±0.10 mm. Complete early embryonic development took place within 40–43 h post hatching, and the new hatchlings were 2.85±0.20 mm long. The mouth openings (0.25–0.35 mm) appeared at day 6 post hatching. Complete metamorphosis took place by day 60, at which time the larvae transformed into juveniles (65±5.8 mm) and attained skin coloration. 相似文献
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2008年10月,在福建宁德水产技术推广站进行了大黄鱼（Pseudosciaena crocea,♀）×黄姑鱼（Nibea alb-iflora,♂）杂交,观察了杂交子代胚胎发育。大黄鱼和黄姑鱼亲鱼平均体质量和体长分别为405 g、27.9 cm和390g、24.8cm,采用干法人工授精。受精卵浮性,为单油球端黄卵,卵径1060～1500μm,油球379.8μm左右。在水温25.8～26.2℃,盐度26的条件下,经18h55min半数受精卵破膜,胚胎发育分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、肌节出现期、心跳期、肌肉效应期、出膜前期和出膜期,初孵仔鱼全长2.75～2.98mm,受精率约为14.4%,孵化率约为31.9%,畸形率约为30%。共培育杂交初孵仔鱼5万尾。3日龄仔鱼开口摄食轮虫,7日龄开始摄食小型挠足类。 相似文献
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2008年10月,在福建宁德水产技术推广站进行了大黄鱼（Pseudosciaena crocea,♀）×黄姑鱼（Nibea alb-iflora,♂）杂交,观察了杂交子代胚胎发育。大黄鱼和黄姑鱼亲鱼平均体质量和体长分别为405 g、27.9 cm和390g、24.8cm,采用干法人工授精。受精卵浮性,为单油球端黄卵,卵径1060～1500μm,油球379.8μm左右。在水温25.8～26.2℃,盐度26的条件下,经18h55min半数受精卵破膜,胚胎发育分为卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、肌节出现期、心跳期、肌肉效应期、出膜前期和出膜期,初孵仔鱼全长2.75～2.98mm,受精率约为14.4%,孵化率约为31.9%,畸形率约为30%。共培育杂交初孵仔鱼5万尾。3日龄仔鱼开口摄食轮虫,7日龄开始摄食小型挠足类。 相似文献
20.
西昌白鱼(Anabarilius liui)为中国特有种,隶属鲌亚科,白鱼属,共记载有16种和亚种,大多分布于云南,在四川省仅分布于凉山州,共有2个种和亚种。西昌白鱼(雅砻亚种)(A. liui yalonggensis)是雅砻江特有种,是增殖放流品种之一,但自命名后多次调查均未采集到,资源量情况不容乐观。通过人工干法授精获得西昌白鱼(雅砻亚种)受精卵,在恒定水温(14.4 0.8)℃条件下进行孵化,对其胚胎的发育过程进行了观察和描述,旨在为该鱼的科学养护提供技术支撑。结果表明：西昌白鱼成熟卵(n=10)卵径为(1.83 0.15)mm,沉性,粘性,接近无色透明,吸水充分膨胀后卵径为(2.53 0.07)mm。在波动水温“昼(21.5 1.7)℃-夜(15.0 1.2)℃”、恒定水温(23.5 2.2)℃条件下胚胎均能不能成功孵化,胚胎均发育至肌肉效应期即全部死亡。在水温(14.4 0.8)℃的条件下,胚胎受精后1h30min胚盘隆起,14h55min和35h45min进入囊胚期和原肠胚期,46h5min胚孔封闭,158h35min开始出膜。胚胎发育积温为2284.4℃?h。初孵仔鱼(n=10)全长(5.77 0.24)mm。西昌白鱼(雅砻亚种)胚胎较鲌亚科其他种类,具有较大的卵径、脊索形成期在胚孔封闭期之前等特征,是其对雅砻江环境的一种适应和进化。 相似文献