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1.
鸭坦布苏病毒对雏鸭免疫系统的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国兽医学报》2017,(2):211-217
为研究鸭坦布苏病毒(DTMUV)对雏鸭免疫系统的影响,本试验对5日龄雏鸭静脉接种DTMUV,并于接种后不同时间取雏鸭脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊进行组织病理学、抗原和凋亡检测。结果显示,DTMUV感染雏鸭的脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊均严重受损。接种DTMUV后4d,脾脏淋巴细胞减少,胸腺可见严重细胞崩解和大面积坏死区域,法氏囊滤泡轻度萎缩;接种后6d免疫器官病变最为严重,其中胸腺静脉严重栓塞,淋巴细胞变性坏死,空泡化也更加严重;接种后8d免疫器官病变均有所减轻,至16d,免疫器官结构基本恢复正常。通过免疫组织化学方法在感染雏鸭的脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊中均检测到DTMUV抗原;细胞凋亡试验显示DTMUV能够显著引起脾淋巴细胞凋亡。综上所述,DTMUV可严重损伤雏鸭免疫器官,且这种损伤常发生于感染早期,并于感染后8d出现好转。 相似文献
2.
鸡传染性法氏囊病超强毒感染后SPF鸡免疫器官病理学观察 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
IBDV超强毒株LX株接种2周龄SPF雏鸡后，其致病性不同于经典强毒株CJ801株，它主要引起接种鸡全身性炎症反应，法氏囊、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体等免疫器官中大量异嗜性白细胞、巨噬细胞浸润，淋巴细胞严重坏死崩解，胸腺皮质严重萎缩、坏死，骨髓中造血细胞减少、巨噬细胞和脂肪细胞增生。在接种后14d法氏囊淋巴滤泡严重萎缩、淋巴细胞排空形成囊腺样结构，未见恢复正常，其它免疫器官形态基本恢复正常。电镜观察，接种后2和4d可见胸腺淋巴细胞胞浆浓集、染色质周边化形成新月形，表现细胞凋亡特征；在法氏囊坏死淋巴细胞胞浆中可见60nm大小呈晶格排列或散在的病毒粒子。研究初步探明了鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒超强毒的致病机理。 相似文献
3.
禽白血病病毒J亚群(ALV-J)免疫抑制特性研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
本研究人工接种1日龄及7日龄SPF雏鸡禽白血病病毒J亚群(ALV-J),模拟先天感染及早期感染,检测ALV-J不同感染时间对机体的影响。对感染鸡体质量、免疫器官质量、组织病理学、血细胞、CD4+及CD8+T淋巴细胞进行了检测。结果发现,ALV-J对免疫器官抑制显著,尤其是中枢免疫器官,1日龄感染组的抑制程度显著高于7日龄感染组。免疫器官的抑制是产生体质量抑制的根源。病理学观察发现,1日龄感染组中枢免疫器官淋巴细胞流失严重,间质结缔组织明显增生;而7日龄感染组在3周前表现为免疫细胞增殖,在3周以后淋巴细胞逐渐坏死流失,其他器官主要表现炎性浸润及出血,未见肿瘤增生灶。血细胞检测发现,ALV-J感染组粒细胞、淋巴细胞和红细胞均有下降,但对粒细胞的影响更加明显,1日龄感染鸡更为严重。对胸腺和脾脏CD4+及CD8+T淋巴细胞检测发现,CD4+细胞数量明显下降,而CD8+细胞数量明显升高,说明机体的免疫抑制和这两种细胞的变化高度相关。无论是1日龄还7日龄感染,均在4周龄时达到免疫抑制最低值,因此可以确定ALV-J感染在体内潜伏期约为3～4周的时间。ALV-J造成机体免疫力极其低下,为肿瘤的形成及混合感染创造了条件。 相似文献
4.
《畜牧兽医学报》2016,(2)
禽网状内皮组织增生病(RE)是禽类的一种重要免疫抑制性疾病,目前对其造成免疫抑制的机制尚不十分清楚。本研究对实验室分离的一株REV流行毒株(HLJR0901株)感染1日龄SPF鸡后对感染鸡免疫器官和免疫功能造成的影响进行研究。结果表明,1日龄SPF鸡感染REV后出现生长迟缓,法氏囊、胸腺萎缩,脾肿大的症状。感染鸡出现法氏囊滤泡淋巴细胞大量坏死减少,间质结缔组织增生;胸腺出血,胸腺小体增多;脾小结明显萎缩,淋巴细胞减少等病理变化。荧光定量PCR检测发现,病毒在感染鸡法氏囊、胸腺和脾内均有分布,且持续存在。SPF鸡感染REV后出现严重的免疫抑制,使AIV灭活疫苗和NDV弱毒疫苗的免疫效果显著下降。本研究为阐明REV的免疫抑制机制提供了重要的实验数据。 相似文献
5.
应用原位末端标记法和免疫组化SABC法,分别以H9亚型禽流感和番鸭呼肠病毒单独感染或混合感染雏番鸭后1、3、5、7、10d对胸腺、法氏囊、脾脏细胞凋亡和P53的动态变化进行检测。结果显示,H9亚型AIV,MDRV单独感染和混合感染均可导致雏番鸭胸腺、法氏囊和脾脏出现淋巴细胞凋亡增多;病毒感染早期各免疫器官组织细胞凋亡明显,感染后期细胞凋亡量逐渐减少;混合感染组脾脏、胸腺细胞凋亡更为显著。P53表达的变化与细胞凋亡呈现相同变化规律,表明P53表达与病毒诱导的细胞凋亡机制密切相关。 相似文献
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7.
对实验性热应激肉仔鸡的免疫器官的组织学变化、超微组织学变化进行了动态观察，对热应激造成的免疫器官的细胞凋亡及免疫反应能力进行了检测。结果表明，热应激可引起免疫器官胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊的发育分化不良，使法氏囊指数、脾脏指数明显下降，胸腺指数虽有下降，但幅度较小；热应激对免疫器官的组织结构有显著影响，尤其对法氏囊和脾脏的影响更明显，主要表现为实质细胞的萎缩、消失性病变，但无明显的实质细胞崩解坏死、炎性细胞浸润、炎性充血等病理变化，并随热应激时间的延长而逐渐加重，最后以实质细胞几乎完全消失、间质结缔组织增生而纤维化告终。热应激可显著影响试验鸡血清新城疫病毒抗体滴度，与对照相比，其抗体滴度的峰值低，维持时间短，下降速度快；通过电镜观察和细胞凋亡的原位检测，证实热应激时免疫器官的淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞有凋亡现象，这种凋亡现象在早期尤其显著。 相似文献
8.
鸭瘟病理组织学动态观察 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
鸭瘟病毒（DPV）强毒经人工感染和同居感染成年鸭后，采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测为鸭瘟后，在不同时间段对各给织器官的病理组织损伤进行了观察．表现为：人工接种后24h被检器官组织显现出病理变化．机体中枢免疫器官法氏囊、胸腺表现为淋巴细胞数量降低，组织间隙加大；脾脏组织病变较为严重，其余器官组织均出现程度较轻的组织损伤。接种后48h，中枢免疫器官的淋巴细胞极度减少、网状细胞增生、器官组织结构模糊不清，充血、出血严重；一些生命重要器官则出现明显细胞肿胀，肠道等器官组织也有细胞变性、出血等不可逆病理变化。居感染组织损伤与人工接种组织相似，只是发生时间偏后约50h。提示：接种DPV强毒的感染鸭和同居鸭的免疫器官严重受损，甚至引超免疫抑制。此外，两组实验鸭的肝细胞、肾小管上皮细胞及脾脏、法氏囊、胸腺的网关细胞中的核内包涵体结构，可在病理组织学上为鸭瘟诊提供依据。 相似文献
9.
用鸭瘟病毒(Duck plague virus,DPV)人工感染2月龄SPF鸭,定期剖杀,经聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测为鸭瘟后,对各组织器官的病理组织学变化进行观察,并进行血常规和血液生化指标检测.结果显示,人工感染后24 h,试验鸭中枢免疫器官胸腺、法氏囊表现为淋巴细胞数量减少,组织间隙增大;肝脏、脾脏组织病变较为严重,大部分组织器官均出现程度较轻的病理变化.感染后48～96 h,中枢免疫器官的淋巴细胞极度减少、网状细胞增生、组织器官结构模糊不清,严重充血、出血;其余组织器官出现细胞变性、出血等不可逆病理变化.感染后120 h,组织细胞变性、坏死,出现大片坏死区.点眼滴鼻组鸭感染DPV后组织学变化与皮下注射组相似,只是发生的时间偏后约24～48 h.对照组鸭病理组织学观察未见损伤.WBC、HGB、AST、ALT等发生显著变化.结果表明,接种DPV强毒感染鸭的组织器官严重受损,特别是免疫器官,甚至会引起免疫抑制. 相似文献
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为探讨LTR基因在骨髓瘤病变型J亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J) NX0101致病中的作用,利用反向遗传将血管瘤病变型ALV-J HN06株中两端LTR元件替换至NX0101株的相应位置,拯救出重组病毒NX-HNLTR株.人工接种7日龄SPF雏鸡,分别检测NX0101株和NX-HNLTR株对鸡体的影响.感染鸡生长都较慢.感染NX0101株的鸡,胸腺指数和腔上囊指数明显比对照组低,脾脏指数与对照组相比波动较大,骨髓和脾脏在攻毒后3周可检测到病毒整合到基因组中,胸腺和腔上囊在攻毒后6周才检测到.感染NX-HNLTR株的鸡脾脏指数明显比对照组低,攻毒后2周可检测到病毒整合到脾脏基因组中,骨髓和胸腺分别在攻毒后3周和6周检测到.结果提示,LTR对NX0101株感染鸡的免疫器官有一定的影响. 相似文献
12.
Bougiouklis PA Sofia M Brellou G Georgopoulou I Billinis C Vlemmas I 《Avian diseases》2007,51(2):639-642
In this study, chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) DNA was detected from 12-day-old broilers. Clinical history showed that the clinical features were diarrhea, blue wing disease, depression, and death. Necropsy findings were pale liver, severe atrophy of bursa of Fabricius and thymus, and discoloration of the bone marrow as well as hemorrhages subcutaneously and a few in skeletal muscles. The majority of the necropsied broilers had developed gangrenous dermatitis. Histopathology showed hypoplasia of bone marrow and depletion of lymphocytes in spleen, bursa, and subcapsular thymic cortex. Karyorrhexis of lymphocytes was scattered in the thymic cortex and most pronounced in the bursal follicles. Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were mainly located in lymphocytes of thymus, with a few in hemopoietic cells of bone marrow. CIAV DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction from bursa, thymus, and bone marrow. A virus strain was detected and genetically characterized in 639 base pairs of VP1 gene. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Greek isolate was clustered together with isolates from Alabama, China, Slovenia, and Bangladesh. 相似文献
13.
番鸭呼肠孤病毒病雏番鸭实质器官的超微结构 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对人工感染番鸭呼肠孤病毒发病雏番鸭的心、肝、肺、肾、脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊等7种实质器官的超微结构进行了观察。电镜下发现：心、肝、肺、肾等实质器官出现不同程度的细胞变性、水肿以及局灶性溶解坏死；各器官血管内皮细胞脂滴增多、水肿以至坏死脱落．通透性增加；浆细胞、淋巴细胞和吞噬细胞呈散在或灶性浸润于坏死区和实质细胞间。免疫器官脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊中的部分淋巴细胞、浆细胞坏死和不同程度凋亡，且细胞溶解坏死形成大小不一的坏死灶并被大量增生的吞噬细胞所吞噬，淋巴细胞数量明显减少。上述结果提示，番鸭呼肠孤病毒能导致番鸭免疫抑制。 相似文献
14.
高致病力传染性法氏囊病野毒致弱株回传SPF鸡致病性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
vvIBDV致弱株经4周龄SPF鸡传代培养过程中,对接种鸡的法氏囊、胸腺、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体等免疫器官进行病理组织学检查,并分析主要免疫器官指数.发现随传代次数的增加,法氏囊和胸腺萎缩及脾脏肿大的程度逐渐加重;法氏囊、胸腺、脾脏和盲肠扁桃体内淋巴细胞崩解、坏死及脾脏内网状巨噬细胞增生的程度逐渐加深.试验结果表明,在传代过程中vvIBDV致弱株的毒力又逐渐恢复. 相似文献
15.
为探讨副猪嗜血杆菌(HPS)对免疫器官的损伤,本实验将HPS血清5型岳阳株及其茵体裂解物分别接种昆明小鼠,结果显示:HPS血清5型岳阳株及其菌体裂解物,均能够引起昆明小鼠颈淋巴结细胞凋亡和坏死.组织病理学检测可见脾脏红髓扩张、白髓萎缩、淋巴细胞衰减;胸腺病变较轻,皮质部局灶性淋巴细胞坏死和散在性细胞凋亡.此外,免疫器官损伤与剂量相关,随菌量的增大病变更为明显.HPS血清5型岳阳株及其菌体裂解物对昆明小鼠淋巴器官有明显的损伤作用. 相似文献
16.
Feng Wang Xiaowei Wang Hongbo Chen Jianzhu Liu Ziqiang Cheng 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2011,12(3):235-241
The critical time of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J)-mediated immunosuppression was determined by body weight, relative immune organ weight, histopathology, and presence of group specific antigen and antibodies in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. CD4+ and CD8+ cell activity in the spleen, total and differential leukocyte counts in blood, and viral RNA levels in spleen were measured. Significant growth suppression was observed in the two ALV-J-infected groups. A strong immune response by infected groups was present in spleen at 2-weeks-of-age, but after 4-weeks-of-age, the response decreased quickly. The thymus and bursa showed persistent immunosuppression until 4-weeks-of-age. Proliferation of fibroblasts and dendritic cells were observed in immune organs at 4- and 5-weeks-of-age. However, the granulocyte cell number was markedly lower in the infected groups than in the control group. In group 1 (day 1 infection) CD4+ cells increased during the second week but significantly decreased during the fourth week, while group 2 (day 7 infection) showed the opposite effect. Viral RNA increased significantly by the fourth week. These data identify 3~4 weeks post-infection as the key time at which the ALV-J virus exerts its immunosuppressive effects on the host. 相似文献
17.
蛋鸡中发现J亚群白血病与网状内皮增生症自然混合感染 总被引：12，自引：3，他引：12
发病蛋鸡经组织学、免疫组化检测确诊为J亚群白血病与网状内皮增生症混合感染。与人工接种病例不同的是，在肿瘤组织内还发现一种特殊的细胞——淋巴-巨噬细胞；在骨髓和肿瘤组织中检测到部分髓细胞胞浆内有ALV—J抗原表达。从发病情况、各器官病变程度及免疫组化结果来看，2种病原存在明显的相互协同作用，脾可能是网状内皮增生症的原发器官。但其发病的时间可能不如J亚群白血病早。此次在蛋种鸡发现此混合感染提示，病毒在环境选择压及免疫选择压的作用下，其生物特性、致病作用以及宿主范围均可发生改变。应警惕J亚群白血病和网状内皮增生症混合感染在蛋鸡中的大面积暴发。 相似文献
18.
Pathogenicity of a low-virulence duck virus enteritis isolate with apparent immunosuppressive ability 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Duck enteritis virus (DEV) was isolated from commercial 2-to-6-wk-old white Pekin ducks experiencing 25%-30% mortality and high morbidity. Secondary infections with Pasteurella multocida, Riemerella anatipestifer, and Escherichia coli were frequently seen in affected ducks. The isolated virus was identical to the prototype DEV by virus neutralization test but differed from the classic DEV by causing lymphoid organ atrophy and inconsistent hemorrhagic lesions in the intestinal annular bands. Attempts to reproduce the disease in white Pekin ducks were unsuccessful until the virulence of the virus was increased by three passages in Muscovy ducklings. Significant thymic atrophy (P < or = 0.001) was detected during the first 10 days postinfection (DPI), but thymus size returned to normal by 17-24 DPI. However, bursal atrophy increased significantly (P < or = 0.001) from 4 DPI until the end of the experiment (39 DPI). Reduction in body weight was significant (P < or = 0.05) between 4 and 6 DPI. There was massive depletion of thymic and bursal lymphocytes with lymphoid necrosis in the thymus, bursa, spleen, and Harderian gland. Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions were observed in thymus, bursa, spleen, esophagus, cloaca, liver, conjunctiva, and Harderian gland. Occasional intracytoplasmic inclusions were also found scattered in the epithelial cells of conjunctiva, esophagus, bursa of Fabricius, and cloaca. Virus was recovered from experimentally infected ducks from thymus, bursa, spleen, liver, kidneys, trigeminal ganglion, and cloaca during the first 10 days of infection. These findings suggest that a low-virulent DEV can cause a massive lymphoid atrophy and can sustain immunosuppression as noted by the secondary bacterial infection. 相似文献
19.
During a survey effected in a meat pigeon slaughterhouse of central Italy, atrophy of primary lymphoid organs (bursa of Fabricius and thymus) and hypoplasia of bone marrow were observed. Histologic, ultrastructural, and hematologic examinations were performed on a total of 80 randomly selected 30-day-old meat pigeons. By histologic studies, lymphocytic depletion and necrosis with cyst formations in the bursa of Fabricius were detected in all subjects that showed thymus and bursa atrophy at necropsy. Basophilic intranuclear inclusions were also observed in bursal cells. After ultrastructural studies, these inclusions were proved to be viral particles resembling circoviruslike particles in morphology and size. Severe lymphocytic depletion of the bursa was plausibly associated with the presence of the viral particles. 相似文献