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根据黑龙江省寒地稻区的土壤、气候条件特点以及水稻的需肥规律,总结介绍了包括肥效反应线、施肥量与施肥比例、施肥时期等在内的寒地水稻本田施肥技术标准。只有做到科学施肥,合理分配和运筹肥料,才能提高肥料的利用率。 相似文献
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施肥与水分管理不科学是寒地水稻栽培中存在的主要问题之一,在生产中常造成水稻群体结构不合理、米质变劣、种植成本增加、环境污染等。针对寒地水稻在各生育期的生长特点,阐述了不同生育期的施肥与水分管理技术要点,以期为科学种植提供参考。 相似文献
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阐述了寒地水稻氮素调控新型施肥技术,通过对水稻基肥、蘖肥、穗肥的合理调配,控制了无效分蘖,提高了肥料的利用率,与传统的施肥技术比,产量明显提高,增产72.6 kg/667 m2。 相似文献
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寒地稻田养分释放规律及高产施肥技术研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本研究通过对寒地稻田的养分释放规律及高产施肥方法的试验,明确了“无蘖肥法”、“平稳促”为寒地水稻单产达１０５００ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２的最佳施肥方式。 相似文献
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冷害是水稻减产的主要原因之一,也是全世界普遍关注的问题,尤其寒地稻作区,低温冷害频繁发生。本文简要介绍了测土配方施肥、控制氮肥的施入、增施磷肥、增施钾肥、施用有机肥和微肥对防御低温冷害的作用,并对今后寒地水稻冷害防御的施肥技术方面研究提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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旱育壮秧是水稻高产栽培的基础。实现寒地水稻超高产栽培,不仅要通过科学选种、种子处理、播种、通风炼苗来培育壮秧,更应采用中苗移栽,合理确定施肥量及施肥方法,科学管水,主攻大穗。对水稻超高产栽培过程中的以上诸方面进行了总结与探讨,为从事寒地水稻生产工作者提供借鉴参考。 相似文献
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不同施肥量对水稻产量效益的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
通过探究不同施肥量对寒地水稻产量及效益的影响,特做此项试验。结果表明:同一水稻品种在不同施肥条件下,穴穗数、穗粒数、结实率、千粒重和产量均存在明显的不同。其中,施氮量为94.0 kg/hm2的处理所获得的水稻产量最高,达到547.36 kg/667 m2。 相似文献
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根据黑龙江省呼兰区水稻生产实际情况,提出了寒地水稻优质高产高效育秧技术。从壮苗标准、育苗前准备、种子选择与处理、播种和秧田管理五个大方面介绍了寒地水稻优质高产高效标准化育秧技术过程。其中,育苗前准备要做好秧田地选择、规范化建设、秋整地做高床、春清雪排水、扣棚增温、苗床施肥、床土配制与消毒等。秧田期需注重温度、水分的管理,做好秧田灭草、防病及追肥,移栽前蹲苗、壮根,插前带肥带药。 相似文献
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寒地水稻叶龄诊断植保技术研究简报 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黑龙江省农垦科学院水稻研究所研究员及黑龙江省八一农垦大学植物科技学院研究生,在寒地水稻“三化”栽培理论的基础上,提出寒地水稻叶龄诊断植保技术,改变过去农民靠经验施肥和防治病虫草害,使农民逐渐从过去的老方法（看日历）中解脱出来,按照水稻叶龄生育进程进行施肥和防治病虫草害等. 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(2):189-198
AbstractGrain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):415-432
Summary This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed. 相似文献
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以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。 相似文献
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Corné Kempenaar Thomas Been Johan Booij Frits van Evert Jean-Marie Michielsen Corné Kocks 《Potato Research》2017,60(3-4):295-305
Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed. 相似文献
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Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the
water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during
mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal
resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No
such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m−2 s−1 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop. 相似文献
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体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望. 相似文献