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1.
为构建H5N2亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)高产疫苗株,研究采用反向遗传操作技术删除Clade 7.2 H5N2亚型AIV A/chicken/Shanxi/Q6/2013(wt-Q6株)血凝素(HA)基因多碱性氨基酸序列,以wt-Q6株HA和神经氨酸酶基因为供体,结合A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1)(PR8)AIV的6个内部片段骨架,构建针对此种变异的H5亚型AIV疫苗株,成功拯救出一株重组病毒r Q6/PR8。该病毒在鸡胚和MDCK细胞上均具有较好的繁殖滴度,对SPF鸡胚和鸡无致病性,具有低毒高产的特性,符合疫苗候选株的标准。 相似文献
2.
《中国家禽》2016,(14)
2015年秋季以来,clade2.3.4.4的H5N2亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)分离率逐渐增加,成为我国华东地区流行的优势毒株。经遗传进化分析发现,与抗原性相关的血凝素(HA)氨基酸呈现出一定规律的进化趋势,导致抗原性发生变化。研究以A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1,PR8)AIV为内部基因供体,以clade2.3.4.4中的H5N2亚型毒株A/chicken/Yangzhou/YZ1111/2015(YZ1111)的表面抗原HA和神经氨酸酶(NA)为外部基因供体,并删除YZ1111株HA基因中编码多碱性氨基酸的序列,通过反向遗传操作,成功拯救出1株重组病毒r YZ1111。r YZ1111在鸡胚和MDCK细胞上均具有较好的繁殖性能,对SPF鸡胚和鸡均无致病性。表明在分析H5N2亚型AIV抗原变异的基础上研发出疫苗候选株,为防控变异的clade2.3.4.4 H5N2亚型禽流感提供了备选疫苗。 相似文献
3.
《中国家禽》2017,(4)
近年来clade2.3.2.1c中的H5N1亚型禽流感病毒的抗原性发生了很大变化,Re-6疫苗并不能对其提供有效保护。为对该分支毒株进行有效防控,研究以A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1,PR8)毒株为内部基因供体,以clade2.3.2.1c的H5N1亚型毒株A/chicken/Jiangsu/YB7/2015(YB7)的HA和NA基因作外部供体,并删除YB7株HA中裂解位点处的多个碱性氨基酸,通过反向遗传方法成功拯救出1株重组病毒r YB7。r YB7株病毒在鸡胚和MDCK细胞上均有较好的繁殖性能,对SPF鸡胚和鸡均无致病性。本实验室在对毒株抗原性研究的基础上研发的疫苗候选株为防控变异的clade2.3.2.1c的禽流感病毒提供了良好的疫苗备选。 相似文献
4.
5.
为控制在我国流行的H5N1高致病性禽流感(Avian influenza virus,AIV)和筛选具有标记的疫苗毒株,用流行的H5N1亚型AIV的HA基因和H9N2亚型AIV的NA基因及H1N1亚型AIV(A/PR/8/34毒株)的6个内部基因通过流感8质粒反向遗传操作系统拯救了重组病毒rH5N2/PR8株。为了降低重组病毒的毒力,对H5N1亚型AIV的HA基因进行了修饰,使其裂解模式由PLRERRRKR↓GL修饰为PLIETR↓GL。将获得的rH5N2/PR8株在9日龄SPF鸡胚上连续传10代。该重组病毒的血凝效价稳定在1:2048,其半数感染量(EID50)可达10-8.77/0.1 mL。该病毒的毒力显著降低,对鸡胚的半数致死量(ELD50)为10-5/0.1 mL。将该病毒灭活与油佐剂乳化,制成灭活疫苗,给6周龄SFP鸡接种不同剂量,接种21 d后,用H5N1流行野毒A/Chicken/SD/2010(H5N1)攻击,结果显示:接种剂量为0.1 mL/只的试验组,10只鸡中有5只获得保护;接种0.3 mL/只的试验组可获得100%保护。以上说明,本实验获得的重组病毒具有疫苗标记、繁殖滴度高、毒力低、免疫原性好等特点,非常适合作为"标记疫苗"候选株,为AIV(H5N1)的标记疫苗研发奠定了坚实基础。 相似文献
6.
为建立针对我国主要流行的H5亚型Clade7.2、Clade 2.3.2和Clade2.3.4.4分支高致病性禽流感病毒(HPAIV)不同流行株的免疫学快速检测方法,本研究将Clade7.2分支禽流感疫苗株CK/LN/S4092/2011(H5N1)(Re-7)、Clade2.3.4.4分支疫苗株DK/GZ/4/2013(H5N1)(Re-8)和Clade2.3.2.1e分支疫苗株DK/AH/S1246/14(H5N1)(Re-10)混合作为免疫原免疫4周龄BALB/c雌鼠,4次免疫后无菌取其脾细胞和骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)在聚乙二醇促融剂的作用下融合,通过间接ELISA方法及HI试验筛选获得6株能稳定分泌抗血凝素蛋白(HA)的单克隆抗体(MAb)杂交瘤细胞,分别命名为1B10、2A10、2C8、3E6、4G9和H2B1。经检测1B10、2A10、2C8和H2B1能够与当前AIV流行的分支反应,具有较好的广谱性。本研究为H5亚型AIV快速诊断技术的研发提供基础材料。 相似文献
7.
为了解H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)HA蛋白第200位N-糖基化位点的功能,利用流感病毒8质粒反向遗传系统拯救出重组病毒r-WZP株(缺失HA基因第200位N-糖基化位点)和r-WZP200株(含有HA基因第200位N-糖基化位点)。两株病毒的内部基因来自病毒株A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1),HA基因与NA基因均来自H9N2AIV流行毒株。结果表明,两株病毒均能够在SPF鸡胚中稳定增殖,这一位点的缺失致使病毒与鸡红细胞的结合能力下降,HA效价热稳定性提高,对SPF鸡胚的致死能力增强,对进一步研究H9N2亚型AIV HA蛋白N-糖基化位点的功能具有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
8.
为研制安全、有效的H5N1亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)重组灭活疫苗,本研究以A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1)(PR8)AIV为内部基因供体,以Clade2.2H5N1亚型AIV A/Bar-headed goose/Qinghai/3/2005(BHGQH/05)为表面抗原血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)基因供体,通过反向遗传操作,在符合人类疫苗生产标准的Vero细胞中救获低致病性的疫苗毒株,将制备的灭活全病毒疫苗单次和加强免疫BALB/c小鼠,检测疫苗的免疫保护效果。实验结果表明,单次和加强免疫组小鼠均能对同源和异源病毒的攻击提供100%完全保护;加强免疫能够显著提高HI和NT抗体的水平,用BHGQH/05做抗原检测加强免疫不加佐剂组的HI和NT抗体滴度分别高达1173.3和1280。本研究为下一步在灵长类动物模型上的免疫评价以及进一步的临床试验奠定了坚实的基础。 相似文献
9.
为构建能够在MDCK细胞中高水平复制的H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)疫苗株,本研究在对病毒生长特性及HA基因遗传进化分析的基础上,筛选出一株细胞高度适应的国内流行株A/chicken/Shanghai/11/2011(H9N2) (SH11),并通过反向遗传操作技术拯救出全部基因均来自亲本株的AIV rSH11株.生物学试验结果表明rSH11在鸡胚半数感染量(EID50)、组织培养半数感染量(TCID50)、遗传稳定性等方面均与亲本株保持一致,rSH11经MDCK细胞连续传5代后血凝价稳定在1∶1024,表明该病毒株具有细胞高度增殖的特性.采用rSH11株制备油乳剂灭活苗免疫4周龄SPF鸡,免疫一周即可以检测出HI抗体,免疫3周后HI抗体平均效价高于1∶700,表明其具有良好的免疫原性.rSH11疫苗对不同的H9N2病毒株能够产生良好的免疫保护作用,显著抑制免疫鸡排毒.H9N2亚型AIV细胞高产株的拯救为该亚型AIV细胞苗的研制奠定了基础. 相似文献
10.
《中国预防兽医学报》2018,(10)
为研制和更新针对H5亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)流行株的DNA疫苗,本研究将新近分离的H5亚型AIV Clade2.3.2e分支代表株A/Duck/Anhui/S1246/2015 (DK/AH/S1246/15)密码子优化的HA基因定向克隆至载体pCAGGS中构建重组质粒pCA-S1246,将该质粒转染293T细胞。利用间接免疫荧光和western blot检测,结果显示, HA蛋白可以在293T细胞中正确表达。将15μg、 30μg和60μg的p CA-S1246质粒分别免疫3周龄的SPF鸡, 3周以后以相同的剂量加强免疫后1周,检测其HI抗体平均效价分别可达1∶56、 1∶16和1∶37;加强免疫1周后用105EID50的DK/AH/S1246/15进行攻击时,免疫组的保护率为100%。本研究为DNA质粒pCA-S1246作为防控Clade.2.3.2e AIV的候选DNA疫苗株提供了实验依据。 相似文献
11.
Development of vaccine strains of H5 and H7 influenza viruses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Soda K Sakoda Y Isoda N Kajihara M Haraguchi Y Shibuya H Yoshida H Sasaki T Sakamoto R Saijo K Hagiwara J Kida H 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2008,55(2-3):93-98
To establish vaccine strains of H5 and H7 influenza viruses, A/duck/Hokkaido/Vac-1/04 (H5N1) [Vac-1/04 (H5N1)], A/duck/Hokkaido/Vac-3/07 (H5N1) [Vac-3/07 (H5N1)], and A/duck/Hokkaido/ Vac-2/04 (H7N7) [Vac-2/04 (H7N7)] were generated from non-pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated from migratory ducks. Vac-1/04 (H5N1) and Vac-3/07 (H5N1) were generated by genetic reassortment between H5N2 or H5N3 virus as an HA gene provider and H7N1 or H6N1 viruses as an NA gene provider. Vac-2/04 (H7N7) was a genetic reassortant obtained using H7N7 and H9 N2 viruses to give high growth character of the H9N2 virus in chicken embryonated eggs. The results of sequence analyses and experimental infections revealed that these H5N1 and H7N7 reassortant viruses were non-pathogenic in chickens and embryos, and had good growth potential in embryonated eggs. These viruses should be useful to develop vaccines against H5 and H7 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses. 相似文献
12.
重组高繁殖力疫苗株H5N2(H5/PR8)病毒的制备和鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
作为禽流感疫苗株,不但要求其具有良好的免疫原性,而且要求在生产中具有良好的生长特性,现用的A/Turkey/England/N28/73(H5N2)疫苗株,血凝价28,生长滴度较差.本研究利用自然重组法,预制备一株高繁殖力的预备疫苗株,使它的表面基因血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)来源于A/Turkey/England/N28/73(H5N2)毒株,并使其保持原有的良好的免疫原性,内部基因来源于流感病毒PR8,A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1)毒株,并使其重组病毒赋有了流感病毒PR8高繁殖力的特性.实验结果表明,已获得一株高繁殖力的重组流感病毒H5/PR8,血凝价达到211,生长繁殖特性明显增强.抗原性分析显示,H5/PR8重组病毒与亲本毒株H5N2抗原性无明显差异;致病性分析发现,H5/PR8重组病毒的致病能力较亲本毒株H5N2有明显下降.这为疫苗株的改良奠定了坚实的基础,对禽流感灭活疫苗的生产具有重大意义. 相似文献
13.
In this study, two highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 viruses were isolated from chicken and geese in 2018 and 2019 (Chicken/ME-2018 and Geese/Egypt/MG4/2019). The hemagglutinin and neuraminidase gene analyses revealed their close relatedness to the clade-2.3.4.4b H5N8 viruses isolated from Egypt and Eurasian countries. A monovalent inactivated oil-emulsion vaccine containing a reassortant virus with HA gene of the Chicken/ME-2018/H5N8 strain and a bivalent vaccine containing same reassortant virus plus a previously generated reassortant H5N1 strain (CK/Eg/RG-173CAL/17). The safety of both vaccines was evaluated in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. To evaluate the efficacy of the prepared vaccines, 2-week-old SPF chickens were vaccinated with 0.5 mL of a vaccine formula containing 108/EID50 /dose from each strain via the subcutaneous route. Vaccinated birds were challenged with either wild-type HPAI-H5N8 or H5N1 viruses separately at 3 weeks post-vaccine. Results revealed that both vaccines induced protective hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody titers as early as 2 weeks PV (≥5.0 log2). Vaccinated birds were protected clinically against both subtypes (100 % protection). HPAI-H5N1 virus shedding was significantly reduced in birds that were vaccinated with the bivalent vaccine; meanwhile, HPAI-H5N8 virus shedding was completely neutralized in both tracheal and cloacal swabs after 3 days post-infection in birds that had been vaccinated with either vaccine. In conclusion, the developed bivalent vaccine proved to be efficient in protecting chickens clinically and reduced virus shedding via the respiratory and digestive tracts. The applicability of the multivalent avian influenza vaccines further supported their value to facilitate vaccination programs in endemic countries. 相似文献
14.
Song JM Lee YJ Jeong OM Kang HM Kim HR Kwon JH Kim JH Seong BL Kim YJ 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,130(3-4):268-276
The prevalence and continuous evolution of H9N2 avian influenza viruses in poultry have necessitated the use of vaccines in veterinary medicine. Because of the inadequate growth properties of some strains, additional steps are needed for producing vaccine seed virus. In this study, we generated three H9N2/PR8 reassortant viruses using a total cDNA plasmid-transfection system, as an alternative strategy for developing an avian influenza vaccine for animals. We investigated the vaccine potency of the reassortant viruses compared with the existing vaccine strain which was adapted by the 20th serial passages in embryonated eggs with A/Ck/Kor/01310/01 (H9N2). The H9N2/PR8 reassortant viruses, containing the internal genes of the high-yielding PR8 strain and the surface gene of the A/Ck/Kor/01310/01 strain, could be propagated in eggs to the same extent as existing vaccine strain without additional processing. Similar to vaccine strain, the H9N2/PR8 reassortant viruses induced hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies in chickens and prevented virus shedding and replication in multiple organs in response to homologous infection. However, due to the continuing evolution and increasing biologic diversity of H9N2 influenza in Korea, the vaccine provided only partial protection against currently isolates. Taken together, our results suggest that the H9N2/PR8 reassortant virus can be used as a seed virus for avian influenza vaccines in poultry farm. Considering the constant genetic changes in H9 strains isolated in Korea, this reverse genetic system may offer a prompt and simple way to change the vaccine seed virus and mitigate the impact of unexpected influenza outbreaks. 相似文献
15.
Sun H Jiao P Jia B Xu C Wei L Shan F Luo K Xin C Zhang K Liao M 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,152(3-4):258-265
In our study, the pathogenicity of H5N1 influenza A viruses circulating in waterfowls in Southern China was investigated. Three H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses isolated from ducks, A/Duck/Guangdong/383/2008(DK383), A/Duck/Guangdong/378/2008(DK378) and A/Duck/Guangdong/212/2004(DK212) were inoculated at 10(6) fifty-percent egg infectious doses (EID(50)) into ducks, quails and mice and showed varying levels of pathogenicity. In ducks, the mortality rates ranged from 0 to 60% and the mean death time (MDT) was 0-6.7 days post-inoculation (DPI). While the viruses were highly pathogenic in quails, resulting in 83.3-100% mortality and the MDT of 2.3-3 DPI, they were completely lethal in mice (100% mortality). The viruses replicated in many organs of ducks and quails and were found in the brain, and kidney, lung and spleen of the mice. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that DK383 and DK378 viruses of clade 2.3.2 belonged to genotype 11, while DK212 virus of clade 9 was genotype 3. Our study illustrated H5N1 influenza viruses within Clade 2.3.2 and 9 from duck in Southern China had very highly pathogenicity to Japanese quails and BALB/c mice, but viruses within Clade 2.3.2 had more highly lethality than those of clade 9 to Muscovy ducks. Therefore, they had posed a continued challenge for disease control and public health. 相似文献
16.
Moulin HR Liniger M Python S Guzylack-Piriou L Ocaña-Macchi M Ruggli N Summerfield A 《Veterinary research》2011,42(1):6
ABSTRACT: This study shows that high pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus infection of chicken induced high levels of bioactive interferon type I in the lung (4.3 × 105 U/mg tissue), plasma (1.1 × 105 U/mL), and spleen (9.1 × 105 U/mg tissue). In contrast, a low pathogenic attenuated H5N1 vaccine strain only induced approximately 24 times less IFN in the lung, 441 times less in the spleen and 649 less in the plasma. This was in the same range as a reassortant carrying the HA from the vaccine strain and the remaining genes from the high pathogenic virus. On the other hand, a reassortant virus with the HA from the high pathogenic H5N1 with the remaining genes from the vaccine strain had intermediate levels of IFN. The level of interferon responses related to the viral load, and those in the spleen and blood to the spread of virus to lymphoid tissue, as well as disease severity. In vitro, the viruses did not induce interferon in chicken embryonic fibroblasts, but high levels in splenocytes, with not clear relationship to pathogenicity and virulence. This, and the responses also with inactivated viruses imply the presence of plasmacytoid dendritic cell-like leukocytes within the chicken immune system, possibly responsible for the high interferon responses during H5N1 infection. Our data also indicate that the viral load as well as the cleavability of the HA enabling systemic spread of the virus are two major factors controlling systemic IFN responses in chicken. 相似文献
17.
Moreno A Di Trani L Faccini S Vaccari G Nigrelli D Boniotti MB Falcone E Boni A Chiapponi C Sozzi E Cordioli P 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,149(3-4):472-477
Swine influenza monitoring programs have been in place in Italy since the 1990 s and from 2009 testing for the pandemic H1N1/2009 virus (H1N1pdm) was also performed on all the swine samples positive for type A influenza. This paper reports the isolation and genomic characterization of a novel H1N2 swine influenza reassortant strain from pigs in Italy that was derived from the H1N1pdm virus. In May 2010, mild respiratory symptoms were observed in around 10% of the pigs raised on a fattening farm in Italy. Lung homogenate taken from one pig showing respiratory distress was tested for influenza type A and H1N1pdm by two real time RT-PCR assays. Virus isolation was achieved by inoculation of lung homogenate into specific pathogen free chicken embryonated eggs (SPF CEE) and applied onto Caco-2 cells and then the complete genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis was performed from the CEE isolate. The lung homogenate proved to be positive for both influenza type A (gene M) and H1N1pdm real time RT-PCRs. Virus isolation (A/Sw/It/116114/2010) was obtained from both SPF CEE and Caco-2 cells. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all of the genes of A/Sw/It/116114/2010, with the exception of neuraminidase (NA), belonged to the H1N1pdm cluster. The NA was closely related to two H1N2 double reassortant swine influenza viruses (SIVs), previously isolated in Sweden and Italy. NA sequences for these three strains were clustering with H3N2 SIVs. The emergence of a novel reassortant H1N2 strain derived from H1N1pdm in swine in Italy raises further concerns about whether these viruses will become established in pigs. The new reassortant not only represents a pandemic (zoonotic) threat but also has unknown livestock implications for the European swine industry. 相似文献
18.
Feng Wen Ji-Hong Ma Hai Yu Fu-Ru Yang Meng Huang Yan-Jun Zhou Ze-Jun Li Guang-Zhi Tong 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2014,15(3):381-388
Novel reassortant H3N2 swine influenza viruses (SwIV) with the matrix gene from the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus have been isolated in many countries as well as during outbreaks in multiple states in the United States, indicating that H3N2 SwIV might be a potential threat to public health. Since southern China is the world''s largest producer of pigs, efficient vaccines should be developed to prevent pigs from acquiring H3N2 subtype SwIV infections, and thus limit the possibility of SwIV infection at agricultural fairs. In this study, a high-growth reassortant virus (GD/PR8) was generated by plasmid-based reverse genetics and tested as a candidate inactivated vaccine. The protective efficacy of this vaccine was evaluated in mice by challenging them with another H3N2 SwIV isolate [A/Swine/Heilongjiang/1/05 (H3N2) (HLJ/05)]. Prime and booster inoculation with GD/PR8 vaccine yielded high-titer serum hemagglutination inhibiting antibodies and IgG antibodies. Complete protection of mice against H3N2 SwIV was observed, with significantly reduced lung lesion and viral loads in vaccine-inoculated mice relative to mock-vaccinated controls. These results suggest that the GD/PR8 vaccine may serve as a promising candidate for rapid intervention of H3N2 SwIV outbreaks in China. 相似文献
19.
Feng Wen Ji-Hong Ma Hai Yu Fu-Ru Yang Meng Huang Yan-Jun Zhou Ze-Jun Li Xiu-Hui Wang Guo-Xin Li Yi-Feng Jiang Wu Tong Guang-Zhi Tong 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2016,17(1):71-78
Swine influenza viruses (SwIVs) cause considerable morbidity and mortality in domestic pigs, resulting in a significant economic burden. Moreover, pigs have been considered to be a possible mixing vessel in which novel strains loom. Here, we developed and evaluated a novel M2e-multiple antigenic peptide (M2e-MAP) as a supplemental antigen for inactivated H3N2 vaccine to provide cross-protection against two main subtypes of SwIVs, H1N1 and H3N2. The novel tetra-branched MAP was constructed by fusing four copies of M2e to one copy of foreign T helper cell epitopes. A high-yield reassortant H3N2 virus was generated by plasmid based reverse genetics. The efficacy of the novel H3N2 inactivated vaccines with or without M2e-MAP supplementation was evaluated in a mouse model. M2e-MAP conjugated vaccine induced strong antibody responses in mice. Complete protection against the heterologous swine H1N1 virus was observed in mice vaccinated with M2e-MAP combined vaccine. Moreover, this novel peptide confers protection against lethal challenge of A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1). Taken together, our results suggest the combined immunization of reassortant inactivated H3N2 vaccine and the novel M2e-MAP provided cross-protection against swine and human viruses and may serve as a promising approach for influenza vaccine development. 相似文献
20.
Avian influenza A H5N6 virus is a highly contagious infectious agent that affects domestic poultry and humans in South Asian countries. Vietnam may be an evolutionary hotspot for influenza viruses and therefore could serve as a source of pandemic strains. In 2015, two novel reassortant H5N6 influenza viruses designated as A/quail/Vietnam/CVVI01/2015 and A/quail/Vietnam/CVVI03/2015 were isolated from dead quails during avian influenza outbreaks in central Vietnam, and the whole genome sequences were analyzed. The genetic analysis indicated that hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and polymerase basic protein 2 genes of the two H5N6 viruses are most closely related to an H5N2 virus (A/chicken/Zhejiang/727079/2014) and H10N6 virus (A/chicken/Jiangxi/12782/2014) from China and an H6N6 virus (A/duck/Yamagata/061004/2014) from Japan. The HA gene of the isolates belongs to clade 2.3.4.4, which caused human fatalities in China during 2014–2016. The five other internal genes showed high identity to an H5N2 virus (A/chicken/Heilongjiang/S7/2014) from China. A whole-genome phylogenetic analysis revealed that these two outbreak strains are novel H6N6-like PB2 gene reassortants that are most closely related to influenza virus strain A/environment/Guangdong/ZS558/2015, which was detected in a live poultry market in China. This report describes the first detection of novel H5N6 reassortants in poultry during an outbreak as well as genetic characterization of these strains to better understand the antigenic evolution of influenza viruses. 相似文献