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《中国畜牧兽医》2019,(11)
试验旨在通过高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)法测定五氯柳胺阿苯达唑复方混悬液的有关物质。采用高效液相色谱法,以自身对照法计算五氯柳胺阿苯达唑复方混悬液有关物质的量。选用Thermo Hypersil BDS C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm);流动相以0.1%磷酸-10 mmol/L磷酸二氢铵水溶液为A相,以甲醇为B相,31∶69(V/V);流速为1 mL/min;进样量为5μL;柱温30℃;检测波长295 nm。结果显示,在建立的色谱条件下,五氯柳胺阿苯达唑复方混悬液中的主成分峰与杂质峰均能基线分离。3,5,6-三氯水杨酸、2-氨基-4,6-二氯苯酚盐酸盐、五氯柳胺、阿苯达唑在5～100μg/mL内与峰面积线性关系良好(R~2≥0.999),定量限分别为5μg/mL及750、500、225 ng/mL,检测限分别为1μg/mL及500、250、100 ng/mL,杂质3,5,6-三氯水杨酸、2-氨基-4,6-二氯苯酚盐酸盐总平均回收率分别为101.15%、100.35%,总平均回收率RSD均为0.71%(n=9)。经方法学验证,建立的HPLC方法简单、快速、准确,可用于五氯柳胺阿苯达唑复方混悬液中有关物质的测定。 相似文献
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试验旨在通过高效液相色谱（high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC）法测定五氯柳胺阿苯达唑复方混悬液的有关物质。采用高效液相色谱法,以自身对照法计算五氯柳胺阿苯达唑复方混悬液有关物质的量。选用Thermo Hypersil BDS C18色谱柱（4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm）;流动相以0.1%磷酸-10 mmol/L磷酸二氢铵水溶液为A相,以甲醇为B相,31：69（V/V）;流速为1 mL/min;进样量为5 μL;柱温30℃;检测波长295 nm。结果显示,在建立的色谱条件下,五氯柳胺阿苯达唑复方混悬液中的主成分峰与杂质峰均能基线分离。3,5,6-三氯水杨酸、2-氨基-4,6-二氯苯酚盐酸盐、五氯柳胺、阿苯达唑在5~100 μg/mL内与峰面积线性关系良好（R2 ≥ 0.999）,定量限分别为5 μg/mL及750、500、225 ng/mL,检测限分别为1 μg/mL及500、250、100 ng/mL,杂质3,5,6-三氯水杨酸、2-氨基-4,6-二氯苯酚盐酸盐总平均回收率分别为101.15%、100.35%,总平均回收率RSD均为0.71%（n=9）。经方法学验证,建立的HPLC方法简单、快速、准确,可用于五氯柳胺阿苯达唑复方混悬液中有关物质的测定。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医学报》2016,(10)
研究的目的是制备五氯柳胺混悬剂,研究其理化性质并建立含量测定方法。通过单因素筛选及二次回归正交旋转设计,以沉降体积比和再分散性为考察因素,优化处方制备五氯柳胺混悬剂,用透射电子显微镜、激光粒度测定仪对其形态和粒径进行测定,考察制剂的稳定性,建立测定含量的高效液相色谱方法。五氯柳胺混悬剂每100mL中含五氯柳胺3.2g,卡波姆974p 0.2g,十二烷基硫酸钠0.3g,对羟基苯甲酸甲酯0.02g,焦亚硫酸钠0.4g。混悬剂沉降体积比为0.999,再分散性良好。五氯柳胺在18~100μg·mL~(-1)的质量浓度范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系。制备的五氯柳胺混悬剂工艺简单,物理性状良好,稳定性和分散性好,质量可控。 相似文献
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为建立羟氯扎胺阿苯达唑复方混悬液中抗氧化剂焦亚硫酸钠含量测定方法,利用二氧化硫在醋酸盐缓冲液存在的酸性条件下可使酸性品红溶液褪色的原理,采用比色法在547 nm波长处测定吸光度,以标准曲线计算抗氧化剂的含量。结果显示,无水亚硫酸钠质量浓度在20～120μg/mL,吸光度的倒数与其质量浓度呈良好的线性关系y=0.009 7x+1.385 7(R2=0.997 1),平均回收率为98.32%,RSD为0.957 3%。结果表明,该方法可用于羟氯扎胺阿苯达唑复方混悬液中抗氧化剂焦亚硫酸钠含量的测定。 相似文献
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为了考察五氯柳胺、阿苯达唑与不同辅料的相容性,为复方混悬液处方设计提供依据,采用影响因素试验方法对辅料进行筛选,将原料药五氯柳胺、阿苯达唑和不同辅料按照一定的比例混合后存放于高温(60℃)和强光(4500±500)Lx条件下,并于第0天和第10天考察原辅料混合样品的性状、含量及有关物质的变化。结果显示:第0天时,五氯柳胺、阿苯达唑与硅酸铝镁、海藻酸钠、焦亚硫酸钠的混合样品溶液中阿苯达唑含量低于95%,且杂质含量也增加。第10天时,60℃高温条件下,五氯柳胺、阿苯达唑与卡波姆、十二烷基硫酸钠、吐温-20、维生素E、焦亚硫酸钠、抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、山梨酸钾的样品溶液中阿苯达唑含量低于95%,杂质含量增加且伴有性状变化;(4500±500)Lx光照条件下,抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯样品溶液中五氯柳胺含量大于105%,山梨酸钾样品溶液中五氯柳胺含量低于95%,杂质含量增加且伴有性状变化。而五氯柳胺、阿苯达唑与辅料羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、黄原胶、黄蓍树胶、大豆油、甘油、吐温-80、二甲基硅油、柠檬酸、柠檬酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、苯甲酸、苯甲酸钠相容性好,可作为后续处方筛选研究依据。 相似文献
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为了解决阿苯达唑的溶解性和口服吸收难题，借助高分子活性剂的稳定作用，利用反溶剂法-高压匀质法制备阿苯达唑纳米混悬剂，并考察该制剂的药学特征及稳定性；研究该制剂在大鼠体内的药代动力学。研究创制的纳米混悬液在电镜下药物形状大小均一，中位粒径为358.1nm。其药学特征符合《兽药质量标准》（2017版）中对混悬液的质量要求。6个月加速试验表明，该制剂外观色泽、含量、pH值、沉降体积比、重分散性均未发生明显变化，且放置6个月后粒径没有显著变化。该阿苯达唑纳米混悬液的Cmax为5.895μg/mL，显著高于参比制剂阿苯达唑伊维菌素粉、佛山正典阿苯达唑混悬液的2.804和2.053μg/mL。与阿苯达唑伊维菌素粉、佛山正典阿苯达唑混悬液相比，该制剂的相对生物利用度分别为214% 和299.74% ，表明该阿苯达唑纳米混悬液能显著提高阿苯达唑的吸收，将有助于提高临床治疗效果。 相似文献
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为建立高效液相色谱法测定阿苯达唑含量,实验优化出最佳色谱条件：检测波长为295 nm,流动相为甲醇﹕水=70﹕30,流速0.8 mL/ min,色谱柱为Shim-pack VP-ODS(150 mm?4.6 mm,5 μm);柱温为室温。结果显示：阿苯达唑的浓度在1~1000 μg/ mL范围内,峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,R2=1;加样平均回收率为98.1﹪,RSD为0.5﹪;检出限和定量限分别为0.03 μg/ mL和0.1 μg/ mL。该方法简便、快速、准确、重现性好,可用于阿苯达唑的含量测定及质量控制。 相似文献
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通过观察五氯柳胺混悬液在一系列剧烈条件下的稳定性,确定五氯柳胺混悬液的降解途径,为样品的包装和储存提供科学依据,确保其在使用期间的稳定性。采用高效液相色谱法研究五氯柳胺混悬液在强酸、强碱、氧化、光照和高温条件下的稳定性,并研究了不同浓度的氢氧化钠溶液对五氯柳胺混悬液稳定性的影响。结果表明,五氯柳胺混悬液在0.5mol/L的NaOH溶液中放置48h含量降解约75.69%,在0.5mol/L的HCl溶液中放置48h含量降解约0.43%,在100mL/L的H2O2溶液中放置48h含量降解约0.53%,在90℃条件中放置48h含量降解约0.31%,在4 500lx±500lx光照中放置72h含量降解约4.33%。结果显示,五氯柳胺混悬液在0.5mol/L的NaOH溶液和4 500lx±500lx强光条件中不稳定,而在100mL/L的H2O2溶液、0.5mol/L的HCl溶液和90℃高温中相对比较稳定。 相似文献
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建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定五氯柳胺混悬液中防腐剂对羟基苯甲酸甲酯和对羟基苯甲酸丙酯的含量。色谱柱采用Hypersil BDS C18(150 mm×4.6 mm;5μm),流动相为0.025 mol/L无水磷酸氢二钠溶液(磷酸调pH 6.5)∶乙腈=65∶35,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为254 nm,进样量为20μL,柱温为25℃。结果表明,对羟基苯甲酸甲酯在0.923μg/mL^9.230μg/mL线性范围内,对羟基苯甲酸丙酯在0.615μg/mL^6.15μg/mL线性范围内均具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均达到1.000,平均回收率分别为100.03%和100.33%,平均RSD分别为0.087%和0.077%。结果表明,该方法具有操作简单,灵敏度较高、结果准确等特点,适用于五氯柳胺混悬液中对羟基苯甲酸甲酯和对羟基苯甲酸丙酯的检测。 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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