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Morphological variance and natural types' division of plus trees ofLarix principis-rupprechtii Mayr.
The phenotypic characteristics of the plus trees ofLarix principis-rupprechtii such as stem form, branch angle, branch/stem ratio, branch density, the crown width, crown length, number of short branch
over 5-cm branch segment in length, and the leaf number of each short branch were investigated in seed orchard in the Changcheng
Mountain, Shaanxi Province. According to the morphological characters, the plus tree clones ofLarix principis-rupprechtii were classified into 4 natural types: the narrow-dense-crown type, wide-dense-crown type, wide-sparse-crown type, and the
narrow-sparse-crown type. The result of the cluster analysis showed there was a very significant difference in tree growth
among the four natural types. While comparing the tree growth of four natural types for the last ten years, it was found that
the performance order of various types from good to bad is as follows: the narrow-dense crown type > the wide-dense crown
type > the wide-sparse crown type > the narrow-sparse crown type. The plus trees of narrow-dense-crown, as a fine type, should
be paid great attention to production and prepared to popularize.
Biography: ZHANG Xin-bo (1956-), male, Senior engineer of Shanxi Academy of Forestry Science and Northern Research Institute of Forestry
of China, Taiyuan 030012, P. R. China
Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai 相似文献
3.
The preliminary assessment of progeny test in a seed orchard of Eucalyptus globulus Labill.ssp.globulus at Yipinglang State Farm of Yunnan Province in China was conducted.The trial was composed of 21 replications,with 2 trees on each plot,15 plots in each incomplete block,and 18 incomplete blocks in each replication,laid out in a α-design of 270 open-pollinated families.The families were of three categories (natural populations,local land race and seed orchard).They were further subdivided into 11 regions.The data from an assessment of growth,stem form and other characteristics of the young trees after being planted 2 years were analyzed.Results are as follows:the different categories differed significantly in their growth,with the families from seed orchards being the best.Regions also differed significantly in their growth.The families from the regions of Westem Victoria,Eastern Victoria and all three seed orchards were better than others.The tamilies from Yunnan had the best frost tolerant and its survival was the highest.For growth,stem form and fungal tolerance,the families from Yunnan were similar to that from Southern Tasmania and Eastem Tasmania.Two-tree plots were strongly recommended over singletree plot designs for large-scale progeny trials. 相似文献
4.
Seed germination process has closely relation with material transformation and energy exchange within the seed. Study on its
thermal effect is important for understanding the mechanism and the influencing factors of the seed germination. The thermogenetic
curves of seed germination ofRobinia pseudoacacia was measured by a new-type conductive microcalorimeter made in Wuhan University. The relationship was analyzed between the
germination thermogenetic regulation and seed germination physiology. The thermogentic curves were further analyzed by thermokinetic
theory to obtain the dynamic parameters and the thermokinetic model on seed germination ofRobinia pseudoacacia. The relationship of the thermogenetic power (μ w) and the germination time(h) of the germination process of 20 grainsRobinia pseudocacia seeds at 25°C wasP=208.77/[0.1937+0.8063exp(−0.06563t)]
Foundation item: This project is supported by National Nature Science Foundation (30070200).
Biography: Hu Yun-chu (1960-), male, associated Prof. in Central South Forestry University, Zhuzhou 412006, Hunan, P. R. China.
Responsible editor: Song Funan 相似文献
5.
Ultrasound-associated extraction of seed oil of Korean pine 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
ZHANGYing WANGZhen-yu CHENXiao-qiang 《林业研究》2005,16(2):140-142
Experiment on ultrasound- associated extraction of seed oil of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) was conducted in Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China. The factors affecting extraction yield, such as ultrasonic frequency, extracting temperature, extracting time and the ratio of material to liquid (ratio of Korean pine seed to absolute alcohol), were analyzed under specific condition and the optimal extracting parameters were obtained as the ultrasonic frequency 32 000 Hz, the extracting temperature 80℃, the extracting time 50 rain, and the ratio of material to liquid 1: 30. The study demonstrates that ultrasound is a reliable and great efficiency tool for the fast extraction of Korean pine seed oil。 相似文献
6.
By taking three forecasting methods (sample trees, sample branches and climate factors prediction) the forecasting equation
of seed were established through correlation analysis and regression analysis on seed crop of Qingshan and QinheLarix olgensis seed orchard. The research results showed that it gave more accurate prediction with less working load by taking pistillate
numbers of four sample branches at middle layer of crown to predicate seed crop. And the short-term prediction equation of
this method was established. The correlation analysis between seed crop and climate factors showed that the relative humidity
May and June, annual evaporative amount, and accumulated temperature above 10°C, possess the highest effect on bud differentiation
and seed crop, then the middle-term predication equation of climate factors was established. 相似文献
7.
[目的]在用材林高世代种子园建园材料选择时,最初重点考虑的是其速生性,而对优树的开花物候关注较少。在高世代种子园营建时,无性系的配置常根据其种源在大范围内考虑其开花物候的遗传因素,但即使是小范围内相同种源的无性系,其开花物候也不可能绝对同步。因此,了解种子园无性系的开花物候,可为种子园的集约经营、产量预测、种子遗传品质调控等提供依据。[方法]于2012—2013年,在桂阳县苗圃马尾松二代种子园Ⅰ大区、Ⅴ大区分别随机选取不同类型的无性系10个和25个,对其开花物候进行观测。[结果]表明:不同无性系的雌、雄球花花期起止日期和持续时间均有差异,但无性系间雌、雄球花花期值差异均未达显著水平,35个无性系总体雌、雄球花花期具有一定的同步性;35个无性系雌、雄球花的初花期基本同步,雌、雄球花的盛花期和末花期同步。株间花期差异相对于无性间要大,但雄球花花期较早的植株,其雌球花花期也较早,同一株建园亲本的雌、雄球花花期有一定的同步性。除雌球花的末花期与雄球花的初花期呈微弱负相关外,雌、雄球花的初花期、盛花期、末花期间均呈极显著或显著正相关。各花期的相关性呈现初花期和盛花期的相关盛花期和末花期的相关初花期和末花期的相关,雌球花初花期与雄球花初花期的相关系数最大。坡位对母树的花期有极显著影响,生长在不同坡位的植株,其雌、雄球花花期值差异明显,其大小均为上坡中坡下坡。坡位对花期影响最大的是雌球花的初花期,其次是雄球花的初花期、雌球花的盛花期、雄球花的盛花期,而对雌、雄球花的末花期影响最小。偏北产地无性系的花期相对较早,不同的无性系类型,其雄球花的盛花期和雌球花的初花期的差异显著;雄球花的初花期、末花期以及雌球花的盛花期和末花期差异均不显著。不同的年份,雌、雄球花花期的早晚差异很大,2012年最早初花期较2013年最早初花期早25 d。[结论]桂阳马尾松二代种子园35个无性系总体雌、雄球花花期具有较好的同步性;从开花物候方面考虑,该种子园建园材料选择较合理,对种子园种子产量和遗传品质没有影响。 相似文献
8.
Five chemical and four non-chemical presowing treatments were tested on seeds of three conifers (Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr, Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongolica Litv, and Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.). By itself, cold stratification with snow for 60 days did not significantly improve the germination percentage over that of soaking the seed in warm water (45 °C) for 12 hours. However, including either one or two dehydration-rehydration cycles after the cold stratification did improve both the percentage and speed of germination of seed from all three species. Soaking seed for 12 hours in various chemicals (KNO3, CaCl2, CuSO4, KMnO4 and GA3) before germination was less effective than the snow stratification followed by double dehydration-rehydration treatments (Chang and Lin, 1989). 相似文献
9.
以云南白马雪山国家级自然保护区曲宗贡区域大果红杉观赏季观赏特征为目标,采用红外相机进行大果红杉物候监测,通过与固定样地结合数据分析,了解观赏特征变化规律。结果表明,大果红杉叶各阶段的物候变化与海拔、温度、湿度、株密度等有直接关系,海拔越高,大果红杉叶变色时间越早,落叶期越短;气温越高、降雨量越少,叶变色时间越晚;株密度对叶变色期影响不显著,但对落叶期影响明显,株密度与落叶期长呈正相关关系。 相似文献
10.
Based on the investigation data about the species diversity in Daxing'an Mountains, the difference of species diversity indexes
betweenLarix gmelini forest andLarix gmelini-Betula platyphylla forest was analyzed by the Simpson index (D), Shannon-Wiener index (H), Pielou index (J
sw &J
si), Alatalo index (E
a) and Species richness index (S). The result showed that the species diversity index ofLarix gmelini-Betula platyphylla forest was much higher than that ofLarix gmelini forest in this region. AndLarix gmelini-Betula platyphylla forest was beneficial to maintain the species diversity in Daxing'an Mountains region.
Biography: SONG Guan-ling (1969-), female, Master, assistant professor in Zibo College, Zibo 255000, P.R. China.
Responsible editor: Zhu Hong 相似文献
11.
Gao Chang-qi Sun Shou-hui Ren Xiao-guang Niu Yan-zhang Song Li-wen Zhang Yun-sheng 《林业研究》2000,11(2):114-118
Ips subelongatus Motschulsky were raised indoors and in the field using fresh baits for study of biological and ecological characteristics
during 1992–1994. The life cycle of the pest in Lishu County, Jilin Province was described. The study results indicated that
temperature was a main factor affecting the development ofIps subelongatus. The initial temperature for development of egg, larva, pupa and adult was 6.1, 8.0, 10.3 and 9.8°C, respectively. To complete
one-generation needs, respectively, 48 d at temperature of 18°C, 39 d at 20°C and 33 d at 22°C. The pest has different number
of generations in different area as a result of temperature change. In Jilin Province, it generally has three generations,
except that some individuals have 2 generations. The nature enemies for this pest areThanasinus substriatus, Tomimicobia seitneri Ruschk,Coeliodes sp. etc.
Foundation item: This paper is part of key subject of the Ministry of Forestry (formerly)—The Systematic Control Technique ofIps subelongatus Motschulsky.
Biography: G{upao} Chang-qi (1952-), male, research fellow in Jilin Forestry Academy.
Responsibe editor: Chai Ruihai 相似文献
12.
Flavonoids in plants is very important in its ecological role and economic value. The dynamic features of flavonoids content
in different organs of larch (Larix gmelinii) at different light and temperature conditions were investigated in this study. Results showed that the order of flavonoids
content in different organs from high to low was 7.78% (stem bark)>2.79% (leaves) >1.72% (branches) >1.19% (stem xylem)and
different organs had a great seasonal variation in flavonoids content, but the change of flavonoids content at different temperature
was not obvious in different organs., The content of flavonoids in barck had, a positive correlation with temperature (R
2=0.75), but that in other organs had slight variation with the change of temperature. For all the tested organs, the flavonoids
content in summer and autumn was approximately 3–4 times higher than in spring and winter. This is attributed to the great
stress from environmental physical variables such as UV radiation, high temperature that induce the accumulation of flavonoids.
The flavonoid content of sun leaves was evidently higher than that of shade leaves, and leaves at upper part of canopy had
a higher flavonoids content compared with that at other parts. This result indicates that sun radiation could improve flavonoids
production in leaves (R
2=0.76). The flavonoids may actively evolve in plant defenses to environmental stress, protecting larch from the damage of
high temperature and radiation, and its main function is different in different organs.
Foundation item: This paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30300271) and the Key Project of Chinese Ministry
of Education (104191).
Biography: WANG Wen-jie (1974-), male, Lecturer in Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040,
P. R. China.
Responsible editor: Zhu Hong 相似文献
13.
Hu Chun-xiang Li Cheng-de Wang Zhi-ying D. Langor Yue Shu-kui Liu Kuan-yu Han Shij-ie 《林业研究》2000,11(3):213-214
A systematic observation and intensive study on the parasitoids ofPissodes nitidus were made in Langxiang and Xin'qing Forestry Bureau in Xiaoing'an Mountain area in 1996–1999, including the diagnosis, life
history, biological characteristics ofEurytoma sp. and parasitoid complex ofPissodes nitidus. There were about 70 species of parasitoids onPissodes nitidus, including Eurytomidae, Ichneumonidae and Braconidae etc. Among them,Eurytoma sp. is a dominant species and a braconid,Ipobracon sp. is a subdominant species, and they play an important role in controlling the pest.
Biography: HU Chun-xiang (1955-), male, Associate professor in Forest Resources and Environment Collage of Northeast Forestry University,
Harbin 150040, P. R. China
Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):214-217
The larch seed orchard studied is intended to produce interspecific hybrid seed between Larix sibirica and Larix decidua. Only the L. sibirica clone (half of the grafts) in the orchard was intended to act as the seed parent, and the six L. decidua clones are pollinators. The proportion of hybrid seed produced was determined using Mdh3 locus as a genetic marker. The mean percentage of hybrid seed produced by the grafts of L. decidua was 93, but that of the hybrid seed produced by L. sibirica was only 18. The results can be explained by differences in flowering abundance. The grafts of L. sibirica produced several times more pollen than those of L. decidua. Contrary to the original plans, L. decidua should be used as the seed parent and L. sibirica only as the pollen parent in the studied seed orchard. 相似文献
15.
ZHANGYu-hong YUTao WANGYang 《林业研究》2003,14(3):202-204
Betulin, which is a medicinal pentacyclic triterpene, is abundant in the bark of white birch (Betula platyphlly). The bark of birch was collected at Tayuan Forest Farm of Jiagedaqi, Heilongjiang Province in September 2000. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) that is a new separation technology has been used for the processing pharmaceutical and natural products. In this paper, the extraction of betulin from the bark of birch by supercritical CO2 extraction was studied. The authors investigated and analyzed a few parameters such as modifier dosage, extraction pressure and extraction temperature. The optimal extraction conditions showed that the modifier dosage used for per gram bark powder was 1.5 mL, the extraction pressure was at 20 Mpa, and the extraction temperature was at 55 ℃. The velocity of flow of liquid CO2 was at 10 kg/h. The pressure and temperature in separation vessel were at 5.5 Mpa and 50 ℃, respectively. 相似文献
16.
Ning Liu Tun Wang Qiang Feng Yunxiang Zhang Jian Wang 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2016,31(1):46-55
By using altitude as a surrogate of warming treatment, we transplanted seedlings of Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr. and Picea meyeri Rehd. Et Wils. from their original altitude (2000?m a.s.l.) to a lower altitude (1500?m a.s.l.) and grown in two light environments (full and low) at both altitudes for two years in north-central China, to determine the effects of warming and light on seedling survival and growth performance. The results showed that altitude and light did not affect survival rates of both species, but had significant interactions on their growth performance. Although both species had greater heights, root collar diameters and biomass accumulations in full than in low light at high altitude, such growth advantage disappeared or even reversed at low altitude, especially for L. principis-rupprechtii. Moreover, L. principis-rupprechtii seedlings increased specific leaf area, leaf area ratio and shoot:root ratio at low altitude. Despite this study is relatively short termed, such results demonstrated the importance of shade tolerance in species responses to warming and may imply an altered regeneration pattern of L. principis-rupprechtii if the current warming trend remains in the future. 相似文献
17.
Control of Lymantria dispar L. by biological agents 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The experiment on control ofLymantria dispar L by using different kinds of biological measures, including nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) ofLymantria dispar L., BtMP-342, sex-attractant as well as botanical insecticide, was carried out in the forest regions of Inner Mongolia in
2003. Two concentrations (2.632×106 PIB·ml−1 and 2.632×107 PIB·ml−1) ofLymantria dispar L. NPV were sprayed on the 2rd-instar-larvae ofL. dispar and 70% and 77.8% control effect were obtained respectively. BtMP0-342 was applied to the 3rd- and 4th-instar larvae and
the control effect was around 80%. The sex-attractant provided by Canada Pacific Forestry Research Center also showed a good
result in trappingL. dispar adults. The self-produced botanical insecticide, which was extracted from a kind of poisonous plant distributed in Daxing'an
Mountains, China, exhibited a good control result in controlling the larvae ofL. dispar, and 82% mortality was observed when spraying primary liquid of the botanical insecticide on the 3rd–5th-instar-larvae in
lab.
Foundation item: This paper was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (C0235) and Youth Foundation of Harbin City
(0061218024).
Biography: ZHANG Guo-cai (1964), male, Ph. Doctor Candidate, associate professor in School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University,
Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
Responsible editor: Song Funan 相似文献
18.
In production industry ofAuricularia auricular, the varieties quality is most important impact factor on output. For evaluating the early quality of the edible fungus,
9 varieties ofAuricularia auricular (Au9, CF09, CF05, 29, 916, chang10, chang7, Au.Japanese and 8808) were cultured on the medium consists of potato dextrose
agar (PDA) and sawdust to test their mycelium growth rate, endurance to high temperature, resistance to mildew, assimilation
of nutriment, and resistance to drought. The result showed that the mycelium of Chang 10, CF09, 29 and Au.Japanese varieties
had the eminent characteristics such as short lifespan, stronger assimilation of nutriment, and endurance to high temperature
and steady growth. These four varieties are determined as superiority varieties ofAuricularia auricular in accordance with the research results.
Foundation item: The research was supported by Science Fund of Northeast Forestry University (2004).
Biography: Li Ling (1964-), female, Engineer in Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, P. R. China.
Responsible editor: Zhu Hong 相似文献
19.
Effect of Allelochemicals of Chinese—fir root extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction on Chinese fir 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
LINSi-zu CAOGuang-qiu DULing WANGAi-ping 《林业研究》2003,14(2):122-126
Allelochemicals of Chinese-fir root was extracted by technology of supercritical CO2 extraction under orthogonal experiment design, and it was used to analyze allelopathic activity of Chinese-fir through bioassay of seed germination, The results showed that as to the available rate of allelochemicals, the pressure and temperature of extraction were the most im-portant factors, The allelochemicals of Chinese-fir root extracted by pure CO2 and ethanol mixed with CO2 have different al-lelopathic activities to seed germination, and the allelochemicals extracted by ethanol mixed with CO2 had stronger inhibitory effects on seed Qermination than that extracted by pure CO2. 相似文献
20.
[目的]通过对青海云杉1代无性系种子园自由授粉家系开展遗传评价,利用遗传测定结果提升青海云杉造林的良种化水平及提高良种使用率。[方法]本文以青海云杉初级种子园自由授粉家系测定林为研究材料,对13年生青海云杉家系树高、新梢长、保存率和11年生的主、侧梢冻害率进行了遗传评价,采用综合指数选择优良家系和最佳线性无偏预测方法预测单株育种值选择二代优树。[结果]研究结果表明:家系13年生的树高、新梢长、保存率和11年生主、侧梢冻害率的表型变异系数是24. 06%84%,遗传变异系数是3. 28%19. 31%。家系、家系和区组互作效应显著影响了13年生青海云杉树高和新梢长。树高和新梢长的家系遗传力分别是42. 5%和34. 2%,而单株遗传力是3. 00%,家系遗传力高于单株遗传力。采用综合指数选择法进行生长和抗性性状的综合选择,根据综合指数基于多样性和遗传增益进行平衡选择,有21个家系入选,入选家系的树高、保存率、主梢冻害率现实遗传增益分别为5. 66%、12. 59%和12. 96%。根据家系内单株13年生的树高育种值从1 103个单株中选择二代优树111个,单株入选率为10. 06%,入选二代优树树高的期望遗传增益是20. 10%。[结论]青海云杉13年生树高和新梢长在家系间存在显著变异,且还受家系与环境互作效应的影响,说明青海云杉家系的生长不仅受遗传的控制,还受遗传和环境的互作影响。根据各家系13年生树高和保存率和11年生主、侧梢冻害率综合指数值按35%的入选率综合选择21个家系,入选的家系不仅生长好,且抗性能力强,可用于回选优良无性系用于改扩建1代种子园或建立1. 5代种子园。 相似文献