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1.
大白菜分子连锁图谱的构建与分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
构建大白菜分子连锁图谱,旨在为紫色等性状的QTL定位奠定基础.以紫菜薹(B.compestris L.var.purpurea Bailey)和结球白菜(B.campestris L.ssp.Pekinensis(Lour.)Olsson)杂交的F2群体为试材,基于231个多态性标记,利用JoinMap 3.0软件,得到包含163个标记、11个连锁群和4个片段的大白菜分子连锁图谱,其中包括117个RSAP标记、38个SRAP标记、5个SSR标记和3个RAPD标记.图谱覆盖基因组长度为821.3 cM,标记间平均图距为5.04 cM.连锁群上23.31%的标记表现偏分离,偏分离标记在连锁群上聚集出现.基于与紫色性状连锁的RAPD标记,推断LG4与大白菜1号染色体对应.该图谱可有效的用于紫色等性状的QTL定位分析. 相似文献
2.
本试验以散穗高粱和红壳苏丹草为亲本,以其杂种F2代的170个分离单株为作图群体,利用SSR分子标记技术和Join Map 3.0作图软件构建高丹草遗传连锁图谱,并在此基础上对分蘖数、株高、氢氰酸含量等8个相关性状进行QTL定位。结果表明:从120对SSR引物中共筛选出50对多态性引物,利用这些引物对作图群体各单株进行PCR扩增,共获得226个多态性标记,平均扩增标记为4.5个/引物。构建出一张由10个连锁群组成的高丹草SSR分子遗传图谱,含181个SSR标记,图谱总长803.13 cM。各连锁群长度在5.8~152.3 cM之间,标记间平均距离4.38 cM,图谱密度较高。在构建图谱的基础上,对高丹草8个相关性状进行QTL定位,共获得17个QTLs,其中控制茎粗的QTL 4个,控制叶宽的QTL 3个,控制叶片数、叶长、分蘖数和穗长的QTL各2个;控制株高和氢氰酸含量的QTL各1个。这些QTL位点分布于高丹草SSR遗传连锁图谱的其中8个连锁群上,其遗传贡献率的范围为12.5%~25.6%。本研究可为进一步开展高丹草重要性状基因的精细定位、图位克隆、功能分析,以及分子标记辅助育种提供理论指导。 相似文献
3.
基于EST-SSR的木薯分子标记遗传连锁图谱的构建 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
此实验以木薯推广品种‘KU50’为母本,‘SC124’为父本通过杂交得到包含240个单株的F1分离群体,利用300对EST-SSR引物,20对SSR和20对SRAP引物组合对亲本和部分群体株系进行多态性分子标记筛选,共获得具有多态性的引物110对。在此基础上,利用这110对多态性引物对该F1群体进行分子标记的多态性分析,共获得269个多态性标记。利用JoinMap 3.0软件对这269个多态性标记进行分组和遗传图谱构建,最后获得了一张包含140个标记的木薯分子遗传连锁图谱,其中EST-SSR标记111个,SSR标记22个,SRAP标记7个;共21个连锁群,其中连锁群1和3（LG1、LG3）上的标记位点最多（15个）,LG21标记位点最少（2个）。此遗传连锁图谱的总长度为1314.775 cM,单个连锁群最长为132.904 cM（LG3）,最短为0.431 cM（LG19）,标记间平均长度9.391 cM。 相似文献
4.
短季棉早熟性的分子标记及QTL定位 总被引：16，自引：9，他引：16
以两个陆地棉品种中棉所36×TM-1的207个F2单株为作图群体,筛选出73个多态性引物,25个SSR标记、35个RAPD标记和13个SRAP标记,构建了第一张以研究短季棉为主的包含43个标记,标记间的最小遗传距离为11.8 cM,最大遗传距离为48.9 cM,总长1174.0 cM的遗传连锁图谱,覆盖棉花基因组总长度的23.48%。检测到与短季棉早熟性状相关的12个QTLs,其中有8个QTLs呈簇分布在LG1连锁群上,找到对表型变异的贡献率在30%以上与全生育期、霜前花率和开花期有关的QTL各1个。 相似文献
5.
【目的】定位棉花产量相关性状的数量性状基因座(Quantitative trait locus,QTL)。【方法】以中棉所70的F_2分离群体为遗传作图群体,利用从14 820对简单序列重复(Simple sequence repeat,SSR)引物中筛选出的267对两亲本间的多态性引物检测F_2群体250个单株的标记基因型,利用Joinmap 4.0进行连锁分析,并通过WinQTLCart 2.5复合区间作图法对F_(2:3)群体的株高、单株结铃数和单株果枝数性状进行QTL定位。【结果】在F_2群体中共获得342个SSR标记位点,并构建了包括312个标记、35个连锁群,总长1 929.9 cM的遗传连锁图谱(标记间平均距离为9.2 cM,覆盖棉花基因组的43.4%)。经QTL定位,共检测到19个QTL,其中涉及株高的7个、单株果枝数4个、单株结铃数8个,这些QTL分布在8条染色体上,解释0.25%~11.28%的表型变异。【结论】这些与农艺性状相关的QTL有助于棉花产量分子标记辅助选择。 相似文献
6.
ET-ISJ标记的开发及陆地棉遗传图谱构建 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据植物结构基因外显子拼接位点的保守序列,设计扩增外显子的ET-ISJ (exon targeted intron-exon splice junction)标记引物。利用1 280对ET-ISJ引物组合,在陆地棉品种渝棉1号和T586中,筛选获得69对多态性引物组合,占引物组合的5.4%。用多态性ET-ISJ引物组合检测(渝棉1号×T586)F2:7重组近交系群体,得到70个位点。以70个ET-ISJ标记位点与523个SSR、59个IT-ISJ、29个SRAP和8个形态标记进行连锁分析,构建的遗传连锁图谱包括59个连锁群和673个位点(68个ET-ISJ、510个SSR、58个IT-ISJ、29个SRAP和8个形态标记)。连锁图覆盖3 216.7 cM,占棉花基因组的72.3%,标记间平均长度为4.8 cM。68个ET-ISJ标记分布于20条染色体。研究表明ET-ISJ标记多态性较高、稳定性好,可有效用于棉花与其他植物遗传连锁图谱构建。 相似文献
7.
研究目的在于为以后控制重要农艺性状的QTL定位、梨分子标记辅助育种及品种改良提供基础理论。利用‘新世纪梨’ב崇化大梨’杂交得到的210 株F1代实生苗为作图群体,对分离群体进行了ISSR、SRAP、SSR 标记的多态性检测,共得到154 条多态性条带,其中偏离孟德尔遗传比例的含21.4%(P＜0.01)。应用JoinMap 4.0 软件对154 个多态性条带进行遗传连锁分析,构建了一张包括9 个SSR标记,79个SRAP标记,8个ISSR标记,合计96个标记分属于14个连锁群的遗传图谱,图谱总长度为1530 cM,平均图距为16.1 cM,最大的连锁群含有64个标记,最小遗传距离小于0.1 cM。 相似文献
8.
陆地棉高品质品系纤维品质性状QTL的分子标记及定位 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
为进一步挖掘利用高品质品系NM03102的优异纤维品质性状的基因,利用陆地棉鲁棉研21作为母本、NM03102为父本构建了F2和F2∶3分离群体。通过7892对SSR引物对亲本进行筛选,获得222对多态性引物,进一步对195个F2群体单株分析得到242个标记位点。其中,182个标记位点连锁构建37个连锁群,共覆盖1661.6 cM,每个连锁群平均包含4.9个标记位点,标记间平均相距9.1 cM,其中35个连锁群被定位到了20条染色体上。利用F2和F2∶3纤维品质数据,通过复合区间作图法,共检测到20个纤维品质性状QTL。其中,1个纤维强度的QTL和1个纤维整齐度的QTL与已有的报道一致,1个纤维强度的QTL和1个麦克隆值的QTL在两世代中稳定存在,这为标记辅助选择奠定了基础。 相似文献
9.
本研究目的在于为以后控制重要农艺性状的QTL定位、梨分子标记辅助育种及品种改良提供基础理论。利用‘新世纪梨’ב崇化大梨’杂交得到的210株F1代实生苗为作图群体,对分离群体进行了ISSR、SRAP、SSR标记的多态性检测,共得到154条多态性条带,其中偏离孟德尔遗传比例的含21.4%(P<0.01)。应用JoinMap 4.0软件对154个多态性条带进行遗传连锁分析,构建了一张包括9个SSR标记,79个SRAP标记,8个ISSR标记,合计96个标记分属于14个连锁群的遗传图谱,图谱总长度为1530 cM,平均图距为16.1 cM,最大的连锁群含有64个标记,最小遗传距离小于0.1 cM。
相似文献10.
大豆重组自交系群体NJRIKY遗传图谱的加密及其应用效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
作物基因组研究,包括基因或数量性状位点(QTL)定位、图位克隆以及物理图谱构建等,首先必须建立具有丰富标记信息的高密度遗传连锁图谱。由科丰1号和南农1138-2杂交组合衍生的重组自交系群体NJRIKY已经构建了4张大豆遗传连锁图谱,但由于遗传信息和标记数目不够充分,在基因和QTL作图时仍然存在精确度和准确度问题。为增加NJRIKY图谱密度,本研究在967对SSR引物中获得了401个多态性SSR标记。结合其他分子数据,使用作图软件Mapmaker/Exp3.0b,获得一张含有553个遗传标记,25个连锁群,总长2071.6cM,平均图距3.70cM的新遗传连锁图谱,其中SSR标记316个,RFLP标记197个,EST标记39个,形态标记1个。连锁群上大于20cM的标记间隔由原来42个减少到2个。原图谱的3个SMV抗性基因定位于D1b连锁群末端的开放区间上且仅与一个RFLP标记连锁,利用加密图谱对Rsc-3、Rsc-7、Rsc-9、Rsc-13、Rsa、Rn1和Rn3等7个SMV抗性基因重定位,全部位于D1b连锁群,与相邻分子标记距离均小于6cM,其中Rsc-9、Rn1、Rsa的距离小于1cM,Rsc-13与EST标记GMKF168a共分离。对本群体农艺性状进行QTL重定位,获得8个性状相关的42个主效QTL,其中20个QTL遗传贡献率大于10%,与原图谱比较,新定位的各QTL的标记区间明显缩短,与相邻标记的连锁更加紧密。 相似文献
11.
Introgression libraries can be used to localize genomic regions carrying quantitative trait loci (QTL). We used this approach to detect QTL regions affecting the per se performance of agronomic and quality traits with two rye (Secale cereale L.) introgression libraries. Our objectives were to detect candidate introgression lines (pre‐ILs) that have a different per se performance than the recurrent parent and to identify the underlying QTL regions. The introgression libraries containing 40 BC2S3 lines each were established with marker‐assisted backcrossing from crosses of the heterozygous Iranian primitive rye accession Altevogt 14160 and the elite inbred line L2053‐N. To assess the phenotypic effect of the donor chromosome segments (DCS) the pre‐ILs were evaluated for grain yield, plant height, thousand‐kernel weight, test weight, falling number and protein content in replicated field trials at five locations in Germany over 2 years. In total, 58 significant (P < 0.05) differences between pre‐ILs and L2053‐N were observed in each introgression library. The DCS in pre‐ILs differing from the recurrent parent possess most likely the responsible QTL. Genomic regions carrying favourable QTL alleles were detected for test weight, thousand‐kernel weight and protein content. We conclude that Altevogt 14160 can not only be used to enrich the genetic variation of the restricted hybrid rye gene pools but will also allow the breeder to efficiently detect favourable QTL for marker‐assisted selection. 相似文献
12.
Genomic prediction and GWAS of Gibberella ear rot resistance traits in dent and flint lines of a public maize breeding program 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sen Han Thomas Miedaner H. Friedrich Utz Wolfgang Schipprack Tobias A. Schrag Albrecht E. Melchinger 《Euphytica》2018,214(1):6
Gibberella ear rot (GER) is a serious threat to maize cultivation, causing grain yield losses and contamination with mycotoxins. Genomic prediction (GP) has great potential to accelerate resistance breeding against GER. However, small training sets (TS) consisting of both phenotyped and genotyped individuals are a challenge for obtaining high prediction accuracy (ρ) in GP. A potential solution would be combining small-size populations across heterotic pools. However, genetic heterogeneity between populations in terms of segregating QTL, linkage disequilibrium (LD) pattern and genomic relationships can impair ρ of GP. In this study, we investigated the genetic architecture of GER severity, deoxynivalenol concentration (DON) and days to silking with genome-wide association studies within two elite panels of 130 dent and 114 flint lines from the maize breeding program of the University of Hohenheim tested in four environments. We also assessed the consistency of LD pattern and genomic relationships between the two heterotic pools. Furthermore, we compared four GP approaches differing in the composition of the TS with lines from a single or combined pool(s) and statistical models with marker effects identical or different but correlated between pools. We detected two and six QTL for DON within the dent and flint pool, respectively, but no common QTL. The LD pattern was consistent between pools for marker pairs ≤ 10 kb apart. GP across pools yielded low or even negative ρ. Combined-pool GP had no higher ρ than within-pool GP, regardless of the statistical model. Our findings underline the importance of investigating the genetic heterogeneity between populations prior to implementing GP using combined TS. 相似文献
13.
广亲和基因的发现,克服了籼粳交杂种不育的矛盾,但杂种后代株高过高、抽穗期延迟等问题仍然限制着籼粳亚种间杂种优势的利用。本试验利用一个籼粳交(珍汕97/武育粳2号)双单倍体群体(doublehaploidpopulation,DH系)及其分别与两亲本回交构建的两个回交群体,考查了株高和抽穗期的遗传,将三个群体的表型值和两个回交群体的中亲优势值进行了数量性状位点(quantitativetraitlocus,QTL)检测及效应分析,并对结果进行了比较。2个性状在3个相关群体中一共检测到了21个主效QTL和10个上位性QTL,主效QTL的数目和贡献率都比上位性QTL大,而且,在10个上位性QTL中,发生在2个主效QTL间的互作有3个,主效QTL与背景位点间的互作有6个,2个互补位点间的互作仅有1个,进一步说明了主效QTL在株高和抽穗期遗传中的重要作用。比较加性和非加性QTL的作用,发现加性效应、显性效应和上位性效应是籼粳亚种间杂种株高和生育期变化的共同遗传基础。 相似文献
14.
数量性状基因定位研究中若干常见问题的分析与解答 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16
QTL作图是基因精细定位、克隆以及有效开展分子育种的基础,在利用QTL作图开展数量性状基因定位研究的过程中经常会碰到一些问题,与统计方法有关的一些问题包括LOD的统计学意义是什么？检测QTL的可信度和LOD临界值的关系是什么？如何评价不同的QTL作图方法？提高QTL检测效率的途径有哪些？与遗传参数估计有关的一些问题包括QTL的贡献率是如何计算出来的？如何确定QTL有利等位基因的来源？选择基因型分析的有效性如何？复合性状是否适宜于QTL作图？与作图群体及遗传图谱有关的一些问题包括QTL作图群体中表型数据是否要求服从正态分布？加密标记是否可以显著提高QTL检测功效？缺失分子标记对QTL作图有什么影响？奇异分离标记对QTL作图有什么影响？文章试图结合笔者多年研究工作对这12个有共性的常见问题做出分析和解答,以供科研工作者参考。 相似文献
15.
QTL detection of seven spike-related traits and their genetic correlations in wheat using two related RIL populations 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Fa Cui Anming Ding Jun Li Chunhua Zhao Lin Wang Xiuqin Wang Xiaolei Qi Xingfeng Li Guoyu Li Jurong Gao Honggang Wang 《Euphytica》2012,186(1):177-192
Spike-related traits contribute greatly to grain yield in wheat. To localize wheat chromosomes for factors affecting the seven spike-related traits??i.e., the spike length (SL), the basal sterile spikelet number (BSSN), the top sterile spikelet number (TSSN), the sterile spikelet number in total (SSN), the spikelet number per spike (SPN), the fertile spikelet number (FSN) and the spike density (SD)??two F8:9 recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations were generated. They were derived from crosses between Weimai 8 and Jimai 20 (WJ) and between Weimai 8 and Yannong 19 (WY), comprising 485 and 229 lines, respectively. Combining the two new linkage maps and the phenotypic data collected from the four environments, we conducted quantitative trait locus (QTL) detection for the seven spike-related traits and evaluated their genetic correlations. Up to 190 putative additive QTL for the seven spike-related traits were detected in WJ and WY, distributing across all the 21 wheat chromosomes. Of these, at least nine pairwise QTL were common to the two populations. In addition, 38 QTL showed significance in at least two of the four different environments, and 18 of these were major stable QTL. Thus, they will be of great value for marker assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs. Though co-located QTL were universal, every trait owned its unique QTL and even two closely related traits were not excluded. The two related populations with a large/moderate population size made the results authentic and accurate. This study will enhance the understanding of the genetic basis of spike-related traits. 相似文献
16.
Detecting major QTL associated with resistance to bacterial blight using a set of rice reciprocal introgression lines with high density SNP markers 
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下载免费PDF全文 Bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is a worldwide rice disease. QTL providing BB resistance were identified using a set of introgression lines (ILs) derived from a cross between Teqing and Lemont, and 3924 evenly distributed SNP markers developed from the two parents. After inoculating three Xoo pathotypes, CII, CIV and CV, seven major BB resistance‐associated QTL were detected. The alleles at all loci with improved BB resistance were from the Teqing background. Four QTL resistance to CII and CIV were identified in the reciprocal backgrounds across 2 years. Six QTL conferring resistance to CV identified in Teqing background were not detected in Lemont background, indicating that genetic background had a strong effect on the BB resistance‐associated QTL. Based on the interactions of 27 significant digenic QTL pairs among the seven main‐effect QTL, the QTL were divided into three strain‐specific groups. Genotype analyses of resistant ILs suggest that rice lines with a high level of resistance to BB can be achieved by pyramiding R gene(s) and QTL that interact with R gene(s). 相似文献
17.
The genetic relationship between popping expansion volume and two yield components in popcorn using unconditional and conditional QTL analysis 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Y. L. Li Y. B. Dong D. Q. Cui Y. Z. Wang Y. Y. Liu M. G. Wei X. H. Li 《Euphytica》2008,162(3):345-351
Popping expansion volume (PEV) is the most important quality trait in popcorn, while its germplasm is inferior to normal dent/flint
corn in yield. In this study, 259 F2:3 families, developed from the cross between a dent corn inbred Dan232 and a popcorn inbred N04, were evaluated for their PEV,
grain weight per plant (GWP) and 100-grain weight (100 GW) in two environments. The genetic relationship between PEV and GWP,
and 100 GW on individual gene loci were evaluated using unconditional and conditional QTL mapping methods. In total, five,
one and three unconditional QTL were identified for PEV, GWP, and 100 GW, respectively. The positive alleles of all QTL for
PEV were from N04, while positive alleles of all QTL for GWP and 100 GW were from Dan232. In conditional mapping, one and
two QTL failed to be detected, and all four additional QTL were detected. Nevertheless, three QTL were identified, which controlled
PEV independently from GWP/100 GW. They seemed to be potential candidates in popcorn breeding to increase PEV without decreasing
GWP/100 GW. The results suggested that for significantly correlated traits, the conditional QTL mapping method could be used
to dissect the genetic interrelationship between traits at the level of individual QTL, as well as reveal additional QTL that
were undetectable by unconditional mapping. 相似文献
18.
19.
Root morphology under well-watered conditions sampled on two occasions and under low-moisture stress was studied in a randomly
chosen subset of 56 doubled haploid lines derived from a cross between IR64 and Azucena at two growth stages during the vegetative
stage. A molecular map of the same population served as the basis for locating QTLs controlling root morphology and associated
traits. The region flanking the RFLP markers RZ730 and RZ801 on chromosome 1 were associated with plant height in all three
sampling environments. This position corresponds to sd-1 a semi-dwarfing gene. A total of 15 QTL were detected at the two developmental stages, of which only three QTL were common.
Region flanked by RG157 and RZ318 (chromosome 2) contained QTL for root thickness under two different developmental stages.
In total, 21 QTL for different traits were detected under low-moisture stress condition. While two QTL for plant height on
chromosomes 1 and 3 were common, none of the loci for root morphological traits was common between the two different moisture
regimes. The chromosomal segment between RG171 and RG157 contained QTL controlling tiller number per plant, total root length,
root volume and total root number per plant. Absence of common QTL for root traits between two developmental stages and two
moisture regimes suggests the existence of parallel genetic pathways operating at different growth stages and moisture regimes.
Root volume and total root number per plant decreased significantly under stress, whereas maximum root length and plant height
exhibited non-significant increases under stress.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
为了筛选获得稳定抗细菌性斑点病种质和挖掘有效抗病基因,本研究以野生型大豆ZYD00006与‘绥农14’构建的全基因组回交导入系群体为试验材料,利用高压喷雾法接种丁香假单胞杆菌Psgneau001进行细菌性斑点病抗病性鉴定。运用复合区间作图法(composite interval mapping,CIM)进行细菌性斑点病QTL定位,并针对定位区间进行基因功能注释和相关抗病基因的筛选和预测。结果表明:QTL分析共检测到6个位点与抗病相关(qbsd-D1a-1,qbsd-A1-1,qbsd-C2-1,qbsd-A2-1,qbsd-D2-1,qbsd-D2-2);分别位于1号(LG D1a)、5号(LG A1)、6号(LG C2)、8号(LG A2)、17号(LG D2)染色体上。经基因注释和筛选共获得41个候选基因,它们多与富含亮氨酸重复序列受体蛋白(LRR protein)相关。本研究通过QTL初定位明确了大豆细菌性斑点病相关区间,为进一步精细定位和分子标记辅助育种提供科学依据。 相似文献