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1.
为研究不同紫苏品种种子在萌发期对干旱胁迫的响应,给评价紫苏种子的抗旱性和栽培管理提供理论依据,以紫苏品种TS003号和贵苏4号为试料,采用不同浓度的PEG-6000溶液模拟干旱胁迫,分别测定2个品种的种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、胚根长和鲜重等指标。结果表明,不同浓度的PEG-6000干旱胁迫处理对TS003号、贵苏4号的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、胚根长和鲜重均产生抑制作用,均随着PEG-6000浓度的增加呈下降趋势。与蒸馏水空白对照相比,在低浓度PEG-6000(3%、6%)干旱胁迫下,各指标值下降幅度差异不显著(P ＞ 0.05),PEG-6000浓度在12%及以上时显著下降(P < 0.05),尤其在PEG-6000浓度为24%(重度干旱胁迫)处理下紫苏种子发芽完全受到抑制。 相似文献
2.
种子引发对盐胁迫下高粱种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
以“Tx623A”ד89-363”(Sb1, 耐盐性较弱)和“黑30A”ד大粒早”(Sb2, 耐盐性较强)2 个高粱杂交组合为试验材料, 利用100 mmol·L-1?NaCl 溶液对种子进行引发处理。采用营养液沙培试验, 设4 个NaCl 浓度(0、50 mmol·L-1、100 mmol·L-1和150 mmol·L-1)模拟盐胁迫, 研究种子引发处理对盐胁迫下高粱种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明: 随着盐胁迫强度增加, 无论经引发处理还是未经引发处理2 个高粱杂交组合种子的出苗时间均明显延迟, 出苗率和成苗率下降, 幼苗生长受到抑制, 物质积累减少。同等盐胁迫强度下,引发处理与未引发处理相比, 种子出苗时间缩短, 出苗率和成苗率提高, 幼苗地上部分干、鲜重和地下部分干、鲜重增加, 光合色素含量升高, Na+/K+值显著降低。由此得出, 种子引发处理可以不同程度地促进盐胁迫下高粱种子萌发, 减轻盐胁迫对幼苗的伤害, 促进幼苗生长, 提高耐盐性; 耐盐性不同的品种引发效果存在差异, 对耐盐性较弱的品种引发效果更好。 相似文献
3.
[目的]分析蒙古黄芪种子在不同浓度NaCl,Na_2SO_4和NaHCO_3处理下的种子萌发和幼苗生长情况,为蒙古黄芪在盐碱地的引种、驯化和种植提供理论依据。[方法]通过发芽盒进行种子萌发出苗试验,测定分析蒙古黄芪种子在不同浓度NaCl,Na_2SO_4和NaHCO_3处理下的萌发率、发芽势、相对盐害率及其苗根长、苗高及根茎比。[结果](1)蒙古黄芪种子在NaCl0.2%,Na_2SO_40.6%和NaHCO_30.3%的盐胁迫下能够正常发芽,萌发率和发芽势均高于对照,在大于此浓度的盐胁迫下萌发率和发芽势均开始下降。(2)蒙古黄芪种子在NaCl0.6%,Na_2SO_40.8%和NaHCO_30.3%时的相对盐害率为负值,促进种子萌发,大于此浓度时,相对盐害率为正值,抑制种子萌发。(3)蒙古黄芪幼苗的茎长、根长及根茎比随着盐浓度的增大而增大,当NaCl和Na_2SO_4浓度分别在0.4%和0.6%时,黄芪幼苗的茎长和根长达最大,NaHCO_3浓度分别在0.6%和0.3%时,黄芪幼苗的茎长和根长达最大,超过此浓度黄芪幼苗的茎长和根长开始减小;当NaCl,Na_2SO_4和NaHCO_3浓度分别为0.6%,0.8%和0.3%时根茎比达最大,分别为1.658,1.709,1.291,超过此浓度,根茎比开始下降,但均大于1。[结论]蒙古黄芪在NaCl0.6%,Na_2SO_40.8%和NaHCO_30.3%的盐胁迫下种子和幼苗能够正常萌发和生长。 相似文献
4.
《中国农业气象》2020,(8)
为减轻低温胁迫对棉花种子萌发能力的影响,探索萎锈灵包衣提高棉种萌发期耐低温能力的功效。以对温度敏感的"新陆早50"棉种为实验材料,设置25℃、18℃、15℃和12℃共4个温度处理,将萎锈灵按照不同含量制成悬浮种衣剂即0(种衣剂中仅含惰性成分)、4.2%、5.7%、7.2%、8.7%和10.2%共6个梯度对棉种进行包衣处理,以光籽不包衣处理为对照,采用砂培法,观测各处理条件下的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数以及活力指数等种子萌发活性指标和干物质质量、种子干物质转化效率以及呼吸消耗量等干物质转移指标,计算低温胁迫与正常温度下相比的抗逆系数,比较不同含量萎锈灵包衣对低温胁迫下棉花种子萌发的影响。结果表明:在不包衣的情况下,正常温度下(25℃时)棉种的萌发指标最高,发芽率可达80.5%,随着温度降低棉种萌发指标均呈下降趋势,说明低温胁迫严重影响棉种的萌发;而在萎锈灵包衣的情况下,正常温度下(25℃时)棉种的萌发指标最高,发芽率可达96.0%,随着温度降低各处理棉种萌发指标均呈缓慢下降趋势,说明萎锈灵能够明显缓解低温胁迫对种子萌发的伤害。在相同温度条件下,随着种衣剂中萎锈灵含量的增加,除种子的呼吸消耗量呈先下降后上升的趋势外,种子发芽率等萌发指标以及鲜重、干物质质量、干物质转化效率指标均呈先上升后下降的趋势;萎锈灵处理较不含萎锈灵处理能使棉种萌发进程提早2～4d;低温胁迫下不含萎锈灵处理的种子活力低,棉花幼苗生长也受到抑制,幼苗鲜重显著减少,导致幼苗干物质积累也显著减少;未包衣和不含萎锈灵处理的种子平均抗逆系数仅分别为0.68和0.70,而含萎锈灵包衣的种子平均抗逆系数为0.73～0.91。研究表明萎锈灵能增强棉花种子活力,进而提早萌发进程,提高发芽率,促进幼苗生长,从而增强棉花萌发期的耐低温能力。 相似文献
5.
紫花苜蓿种质资源萌发期耐盐性鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为鉴定及评价紫花苜蓿种质资源萌发期耐盐性,以25份紫花苜蓿品种为试验材料,在种子萌发培养基中分别添加0(CK)、150、250和350 mmol·L-1NaCl进行持续胁迫处理,研究25个苜蓿品种的种子萌发期耐盐性相关指标。结果表明,苜蓿种子在第3、第7和第10天的相对发芽率和发芽势均随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加呈降低趋势;盐害指数随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加而升高;胚根长、胚芽长均随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加而降低,且萌发时间相应延长;胚根、胚芽重均随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加而逐渐减少,且生物量下降。25个苜蓿品种的种子萌发期耐盐性差异显著,其中苜蓿品种‘WL326GE’在350mmol·L-1NaCl胁迫处理下,发芽势为46.67%,相对发芽率为48.33%,生物量为最高,耐盐等级评价为高耐,萌发期耐盐性较强。本研究结果为适宜盐碱地种植的耐盐苜蓿品种的筛选提供了理论依据。 相似文献
6.
模拟干旱和盐碱胁迫对碱蓬、盐地碱蓬种子萌发的影响 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
为研究干旱和盐碱胁迫对碱蓬(Suaeda glauca)、盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)种子萌发的影响,比较碱蓬和盐地碱蓬逆境生理特性的异同,本研究利用PEG6000、NaCl和Na_2CO_3分别模拟干旱、盐和碱胁迫,配制相同渗透势的PEG6000、NaCl、Na_2CO_3处理液,以蒸馏水处理为对照,对碱蓬、盐地碱蓬种子的萌发与胚的生长进行比较研究。结果表明:1)低渗处理(-0.46 MPa)对碱蓬、盐地碱蓬种子的萌发无显著影响;高渗处理(-1.38MPa、-1.84 MPa)抑制碱蓬、盐地碱蓬种子的萌发。2)当溶液渗透势相等时,NaCl处理下碱蓬种子的萌发率显著大于PEG、Na_2CO_3处理;而等渗PEG、NaCl、Na_2CO_3处理对盐地碱蓬种子萌发率的影响无显著差异。3)PEG、NaCl、Na_2CO_3处理组碱蓬、盐地碱蓬种子的最终萌发率与对照无显著差异。4)在幼苗形成阶段,PEG、Na_2CO_3处理对碱蓬、盐地碱蓬胚的抑制作用显著大于等渗NaCl处理。5)碱蓬、盐地碱蓬胚的生长对NaCl、Na_2CO_3胁迫的响应存在差异。-0.92 MPa NaCl处理抑制碱蓬胚的生长,却对盐地碱蓬产生促进作用;-0.46 MPa Na_2CO_3处理对碱蓬胚的抑制作用小于盐地碱蓬。综合分析表明:碱蓬、盐地碱蓬均具有很强的抗盐性。在种子萌发阶段,碱蓬种子的抗旱、抗碱能力低于盐地碱蓬;在幼苗形成阶段,碱蓬胚的抗盐性小于盐地碱蓬,但对轻度碱胁迫的抗性高于盐地碱蓬。 相似文献
7.
[目的] 探究腐殖酸对NaCl胁迫下梭梭种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,为干旱矿区生态修复提供技术支持。[方法] 设置5个NaCl盐胁迫浓度,5个腐殖酸添加浓度,观测梭梭种子萌发以及幼苗生长指标,分析腐殖酸对梭梭种子萌发及其幼苗生长的耐盐性。[结果] 施用适量腐殖酸能显著提高种子萌发率,缓解梭梭种子萌发过程中的盐胁迫,促进初生根生长,降低盐胁迫对幼苗的伤害。在1.0 mol/L NaCl条件下,腐殖酸为700 mg/kg时缓解效果最好,与对照相比梭梭发芽率、发芽势、根长、幼根鲜质量和幼根干质量分别提高10%,11.12%,1.77 cm,4.84 mg和4.03 mg。[结论] 腐殖酸可作为干旱矿区生态修复中种子萌发和幼苗生长的一种盐渍土调节剂,具有较好的应用潜力。 相似文献
8.
为探讨不同辐射剂量对胡杨种子萌发的影响,筛选有助于提高胡杨种子耐盐性的辐射剂量,以新疆甘家湖采集的胡杨种子为材料,进行60Co-γ射线辐射处理,辐射剂量分别为0(CK)、50、100、150、200 Gy,研究辐射处理对不同NaCl浓度胁迫(0、25、50、150、250、300 mmol·L-1)下胡杨种子各发芽指标值和累计发芽率的影响。结果表明,在150 Gy辐射处理下,不同NaCl浓度胁迫下的平均发芽率、平均发芽势及平均相对发芽率高于其他处理,且相对盐害率降低;不同60Co-γ辐射处理下的胡杨种子相对发芽率与NaCl浓度间存在极显著负相关关系;60Co-γ射线辐射对NaCl胁迫下种子萌发的耐盐临界浓度为119~181 mmol·L-1;150 Gy为有助于提高胡杨种子耐盐性能的最适辐射剂量。本研究结果为胡杨种子的辐射育种技术的应用提供了一定的理论依据和技术支撑。 相似文献
9.
为了揭示盐胁迫下萌发种子超弱光子辐射的生物学意义,研究了NaCl胁迫下萌发玉米种子超弱光子辐射的变化规律。结果表明,在对照组的玉米种子萌发过程中,种子鲜质量和自发光子辐射逐渐增长,种子鲜质量和自发光子辐射的变化呈现正相关(相关系数r为0.9614);在50、100和150mmol/L的NaCl胁迫下萌发的玉米种子鲜质量与自发光子辐射也呈现正相关(相关系数r分别为0.9582、0.9406和0.9389),NaCl胁迫对萌发过程中种子鲜质量和自发光子辐射的增长都有抑制作用,NaCl浓度越大,抑制作用越强。研究还发现,NaCl胁迫会导致萌发过程中玉米种子延迟光子辐射中的初始光子数、相干时间和积分强度变小,并且呈现出强度效应。研究结果为揭示盐胁迫下萌发种子超弱光子辐射的生物学意义,开发基于作物耐盐性评价和种质资源鉴定等方面的活体无损检测新技术提供参考。 相似文献
10.
复合氨基酸肥料增效剂对NaCl胁迫下小白菜种子萌发和苗期生长的影响 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
【目的】作物种子萌发期和苗期是对盐胁迫最为敏感的时期,盐分过高会严重影响作物种子萌发和幼苗生长。本研究以谷氨酸尾液为主要材料开发了复合氨基酸肥料增效剂(简称增效剂),并研究其在盐(NaCl)胁迫条件下对种子萌发、苗期生长和生理指标的影响,旨在为谷氨酸尾液在盐碱土地区的推广应用提供科学依据和理论指导。【方法】以小白菜种子和幼苗为供试材料,分别进行种子萌发试验和水培试验。1)种子萌发试验:采用标准发芽试验法,种子分别经0、0.05、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.8 g/L增效剂浸种后,分别移至含0、25、50、75mmol/L NaCl溶液中萌发,测定发芽势、发芽率、胚根长和胚芽长。2)苗期水培试验:选取整齐一致的幼苗,缓苗后同时加入与萌发试验浓度一致的增效剂和NaCl溶液,在盐害明显后取样测定鲜重、SPAD值、根长、株高以及叶片过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧阴离子自由基(O_2~-)产生速率、脯氨酸(Pro)含量等盐胁迫评价指标。【结果】在0~75 mmol/L NaCl范围内,NaCl浓度越高对小白菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的抑制作用越强,一定浓度的增效剂可不同程度地缓解NaCl对种子萌发和幼苗的胁迫。1)在无盐胁迫下,低浓度增效剂对种子萌发具有轻微的抑制作用,而高浓度增效剂则会显著抑制种子萌发;在同一浓度NaCl胁迫下,随增效剂浓度的增加,小白菜种子发芽势、发芽率、胚根长和胚芽长均表现出先上升后下降的变化规律,增效剂浓度为0.2 g/L时效果最佳,而在0.4 g/L和0.8 g/L时则会抑制小白菜种子萌发。2)在无盐胁迫下,随增效剂浓度增加对小白菜生长表现出先促进后抑制的效果,以0.1 g/L用量效果最好;在同一浓度NaCl胁迫下,增效剂浓度为0.05 g/L时,提高了苗期小白菜鲜重、SPAD值,并促进了根伸长和茎伸展,同时提高叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性和Pro含量,并降低MDA含量和产生速率;之后随增效剂浓度的增加小白菜幼苗鲜重、SPAD值、根长和株高均表现出持续下降的趋势,而SOD、POD、CAT活性,Pro含量表现出先持平后下降的变化规律,产生速率和MDA含量则表现出先上升后平稳的趋势,增效剂浓度达到0.4 g/L和0.8 g/L时小白菜幼苗生长受到明显抑制。【结论】在无盐胁迫条件下,低浓度(≤0.2 g/L)复合氨基酸肥料增效剂可轻微抑制小白菜种子萌发,但在25~75 mmol/L NaCl胁迫条件下,则可明显促进种子萌发、提高种子发芽质量;而在相同盐胁迫条件下,低浓度复合氨基酸肥料增效剂可明显促进小白菜幼苗生长,提高叶片抗氧化酶活性、维持渗透调节物质Pro含量、增强光合作用等,以0.05 g/L效果最佳。 相似文献
11.
Özlem Darcansoy İşeri Feride Iffet Sahin Mehmet Haberal 《Journal of plant nutrition》2014,37(3):374-392
We aimed to investigate whether sodium chloride seed priming and irrigation at seedling stage enhance response of 5-leaf stage tomato plants (Lycopersium esculentum Mill.) to high salt stress. Three experimental groups were as; non-primed seeds, seeds primed with 0.05M sodium chloride (NaCl), and seeds primed and irrigated with 0.05M NaCl starting from sowing to salt stress application. Sodium chloride solutions (0.1M, 0.2M, 0.4M, and 0.6M) were added to cups under pots in every 2 days for 10 days to treatment groups. Control groups were irrigated with distilled water at the same time intervals. At least two experimental setups contained at least four plants, and two samplings of leaf and root tissues were performed for analysis of each plant to evaluate changes in pigment and proline contents, lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage levels, and ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activity. Priming reduced mean germination time, and increased final germination percentage together with energy of germination. Increased root and hypocotyl lengths as well as increases in fresh weights supported enhanced seedling vigor. Considering growth and stress parameters such as chlorophyll content, chlorophyll to carotenoid ratios, and lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage were less affected in primed plants. Moreover, improvement of the accumulation of osmoregulating defense molecules, such as proline and anthocyanin, and of the inductions of the antioxidative enzyme system points out to higher adaptive response of these plants against deleterious effects of salt. 相似文献
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Huma Lubna Shaheen Muhammad Iqbal Muhammad Shahbaz Misbah Shehzadi 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2016,62(6):759-768
Being macronutrient, K+ is involved in a number of metabolic processes including stimulation of over 60 enzymes. The present study was conducted to investigate whether K-priming could alleviate the effects of salinity on the growth and nutrient status of cotton seedlings. The seeds of two cotton cultivars, namely FH-113 and FH-87, were primed with solutions of three potassium sources (KNO3, K2SO4 and K2HPO4) using three concentrations (0%, 1.25% and 1.5%) of each potassium source. After 1 week of germination, the seedlings were subjected to salinity (0 and 200 mM NaCl) stress. The results showed that salinity significantly affected growth and nutrients status of cotton seedlings. The K-priming alleviated the stress condition and significantly improved dry matter as well as nutrient uptake in cotton seedlings. Of the priming treatments pre-sowing treatment with KNO3 (1.5%) was most effective in increasing shoot and root lengths and biomass of cotton seedlings. The seedlings raised from seed treated with KNO3 (1.5%) showed varied accumulation of cations (Ca2+, Na+ and K+) and faced less oxidative stress irrespective of cotton cultivars under salt stress. The results suggested that pre-sowing seed treatment with KNO3 (1.5%) might be recommended for synchronized germination and sustainable production of cotton crop under saline environments. 相似文献
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Ahmed M. Mahdy Fatma K. Sherif Elsayed A. Elkhatib Nieven O. Fathi Mona H. Ahmed 《Journal of plant nutrition》2020,43(12):1862-1874
AbstractA laboratory experiment was carried out to evaluate the impact of the nanoparticles of water treatment residuals (nWTRs) and salt stress on germination and growth parameters of cucumber seedling. The interaction between three nWTRs treatments (0, 500, and 1000 mgL?1) nWTRs and five saline solution (fresh water: sea water) treatments had 0.70, 2, 3, 6, and 11?dSm?1 were studied. The results revealed that increasing salinity levels significantly reduced the percentage of germination (GP) for the primed seeds treated in fresh water and nWTRs. The GP reduction was higher in seeds primed in fresh water compared to which primed in nWTRs. Salt stress negatively affected radicle length of cucumber seedling for both priming treatments. However, this impact was more pronounced for the primed seeds treated in fresh water than which treated in nWTRs at high salinity stress. Priming in nWTRs significantly decreased the root radius of cucumber seedlings, and the1000 mgL?1 priming treatment obtained a lowest value of radicle radius. Increasing salt concentration in culture medium reduced total biomass of cucumber seedling, however for the primed seeds treated in nWTRs, the total biomass was increased in comparison with which treated in fresh water. Salt tolerance and vigor indices were significantly (p?<?0.01) affected by salinity levels, nWTRs treatments and their interaction. It can be concluded that nWTRs are ameliorating materials for plant growth under salt stress conditions. 相似文献
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Soil salt and NaCl have different effects on seed germination of the halophyte Suaeda salsa
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下载免费PDF全文 Ruiru Gao Xiaoya Wei Zhan He Ruihua Zhao Kai Wang Xuejun Yang Jeffrey L. Walck 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2018,181(4):488-497
Seed germination is a key life‐history stage of halophytes. Most studies on seed germination of halophytes have focused on the effects of a single salt, while little information is available on the effects of mixed salt in the natural habitat. Due to the contribution of multiple ions in saline soil, we hypothesized that the effect of mixed salt on seed germination will differ from that of a single salt and the mechanism of how germination is affected will differ as well. The effects of mixed salt and NaCl on germination, water imbibition, and ionic concentrations of seeds of Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall. were compared at various salinity levels. Germination percentage (GP) and rate (GR) decreased with increasing salinity level, regardless of salt type. There was no difference in GP or GR between mixed salt and NaCl when the salinity level was below 20 dS m?1. Above 20 dS m?1, GP and GR in NaCl were lower than those in mixed salt. At the same salinity level, Na+ concentration in seeds was higher in NaCl than that in mixed salt, but the reverse was true for Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations. Imbibition rate for seeds in NaCl was lower than that in mixed salt at the same salinity level. Addition of Ca2+ and Mg2+ alleviated the inhibition of NaCl on seed germination. In conclusion, our results suggest that the effects of soil salts and NaCl on seed germination are different, and using NaCl instead of soil salt might not be realistic to show the effect of saline stress on seed germination of halophytes in the natural habitat. 相似文献
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Ensieh Ashrafi 《Journal of plant nutrition》2015,38(14):2151-2158
Although safflower is drought and salt tolerant, it is susceptible to drought and salinity at the germination and seedling stages. Priming techniques have been used to overcome salinity and drought tolerance at germination stage. Osmopriming potassium nitrate (KNO3) and hydropriming were used to determine drought [by polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 at water potentials of 0, ?0.3 and ?0.6 MPa] and salt electrical conductivity (EC) (values of the sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions were 0, 6 and 12 ds.m?1) tolerance of primed seeds of safflower. Germination index, shoot/root ration, germination uniformity, days to 50% germination (D50) and abnormal germination percentage were measured. Treatment 0f seeds with hydropriming increased germination index, shoot/root ration and germination uniformity, while decrease days to 50% germination under salt and water stress. Seed treated with KNO3 reduced abnormal germination percentage in salt stress. KNO3 improved germination uniformity and germination index of the low water potentials. As salinity increased, germination index and shoot/root ration were decreased, while germination uniformity, days to 50% germination and abnormal germination percentage were increased. Hydropriming enhanced germination under both salt and drought stresses and non-stress conditions. Therefore, hydropriming could be used to improved seed performance of safflower under saline and drought stress. This treatment dose not needs expensive chemicals or sophisticated equipment. 相似文献
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Muhammad Sohail Saddiq Shahid Iqbal Irfan Afzal Amir M. H. Ibrahim Muhammad A. Bakhtavar Muhammad B. Hafeez 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(10):1192-1204
Salinity stress can be mitigated by using the physiological seed enhancements. Kharchia 65 (salt tolerant) and PI.94341 (salt sensitive) genotypes were evaluated under salt stress (20 dS/m) by various priming treatments, that is hydropriming and halopriming (50?mmol, KCl and NaCl) in a pot study. Experiment was conducted in completely randomized design under factorial arrangements with three replications. Priming agents improved the final emergence percentage (FEP), emergence index (EI) and reduced the mean emergence time of both wheat genotypes under normal and saline conditions as compared to non-primed seed. Priming treatments elicited the efficiency of wheat seedlings by increasing both Fv/Fm and Ft under both normal and salt stress conditions which were strongly linked with low Na+ and high K+. In conclusion, all three priming agents effectively nullified the deleterious effects of salt stress by improving seed emergence and triggering the physiological attributes of wheat. 相似文献
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外源NO对盐胁迫下甜高粱种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为探究外源NO对盐胁迫下甜高粱种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,以国能4号甜高粱为试验材料,采用不同浓度(0.05、0.1和0.2 mmol·L-1)硝普钠(SNP,NO供体)处理1.6%NaCl胁迫下的种子和幼苗,统计种子发芽数,测定幼苗叶片叶绿素、脯氨酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性等生理生化指标。结果表明,盐胁迫抑制了甜高粱种子的萌发,种子发芽指标(种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数)显著降低,1.6%NaCl是甜高粱种子萌发的敏感盐浓度;喷施不同浓度SNP可显著提高盐胁迫下甜高粱种子的发芽率及幼苗叶片叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量,降低叶片MDA含量,增强抗氧化酶活性,其中0.1 mmol·L-1SNP处理效果最佳。0.1 mmol·L-1SNP处理下,与单独盐浓度处理相比,甜高粱种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别增加了29.51%、39.21%和38.91%;幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量分别提高了230.00%、184.38%、214.13%、17.00%、8.78%和40.63%;MDA含量降低了34.01%;SOD、POD、CAT和APX活性分别增强了33.38%、55.75%、23.17%和116.46%。综上,盐胁迫下适宜浓度的SNP处理,可提高甜高粱幼苗叶片渗透调节物质含量,增强抗氧化酶活性,清除体内活性氧,从而促进幼苗生长,增强植株抗盐性。本研究结果为提高甜高粱耐盐性及揭示其耐盐机制提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Aria Dolatabadian Mozafar Sharifi 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(5):456-464
Abstract The effects of pretreatment with salicylic acid on wheat seed germination (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Roshan), lipid peroxidation, and superoxide dismutase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase, and peroxidase activity were studied under conditions of salt stress. Seeds treated with different concentrations of salicylic acid were used for measuring germination traits. Salt stress was induced by sodium chloride solution. Seeds were soaked in salicylic acid solution for 24 h, dried with sterile paper, transferred to sterile Petri dishes, and treated with 10 ml NaCl solution at different concentrations. After 1 week, the number of germinated seeds, root length, seedling length, and dry weight were recorded. Antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation were also assayed. Salinity decreased seed germination. Thus, a high concentration of NaCl (200 mM) decreased germination by 17.6% compared with control treatment. Salicylic acid significantly increased germination in stressed and control seeds. Salicylic acid increased the level of cell division of seedlings and roots, which increased plant growth. Salt stress significantly increased the activity of the antioxidative enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase in wheat seedlings, and salicylic acid reduced the activity of antioxidant enzymes as stress signal molecules. Our results indicated that scavenging of reactive oxygen species was effective, especially by salicylic acid, and that membrane damage was limited. The aim of the present work was to study the character of changes in enzymatic systems induced by NaCl and salicylic acid in wheat seedlings under conditions of salt stress. In brief, salicylic acid treatment reduced the damaging action of salinity on embryo growth and accelerated a restoration of growth processes; thereupon it may be effective for the improvement of seed germination in arid and semi-arid regions. 相似文献