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1.
应用SRAP标记鉴定甜瓜种子纯度 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以甜瓜的3份代表性种质资源为供试亲本,制定2个杂交组合,用SRAP( sequence related amplified polymorphism)标记对2种甜瓜杂交种子纯度进行鉴定与分析,筛选出适合该杂交种纯度鉴定的多态性SRAP引物,从而为甜瓜的分子标记辅助育种研究奠定基础.结果显示:在42个引物组合对2个杂交品种的亲本筛选中,共有37对引物组合具有多态性,多态性引物组合达到88.1％.杂交组合皇后×安农(A)和杂交组合K-413×安农(B)的种子纯度分别为94.19％和94.05％. 相似文献
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马铃薯种质资源遗传多样性分析及杂交子代SRAP鉴定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
《分子植物育种》2015,(8)
探讨马铃薯种质资源的遗传多样性并准确鉴定马铃薯杂交子代身份的真实性是马铃薯分子育种工作研究的重要内容。本研究基于SRAP分子标记分析54份马铃薯种质资源遗传多样性,并对"青薯7号(♀)"×"陇薯3号(♂)"杂交组合的50个杂种F1单株进行分子鉴定。结果表明:(1)从88对引物组合中筛选出12对主带清晰、条带丰富、多态性好的引物组合,对54份马铃薯种质资源的遗传多样性进行分析;共扩增出谱带215条,其中多态性条带180条,多态性比率为83.72%,多态性较高。(2)通过UPGMA法对54份马铃薯种质材料聚类分析显示,54份供试材料品种间遗传相似系数为0.55~0.83,平均为0.61;在遗传相似性系数0.645 6处,可将54份种质资源分为6大类群,包括5个复合组和1个独立类;54份马铃薯种质材料物种水平多样性条带百分率(PPB)为83.72%、Shannon多样性信息指数(I)为0.502 8±0.185 7、Nei's基因多样度指数(H)为0.335 5±0.148 1、平均每个位点上的观察等位基因数(Na)为1.990 7±0.096 2、平均每个位点的有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.565 1±0.323 2。这些结果说明,供试马铃薯品种间的遗传多样性相对丰富,遗传差异较大。(3)应用两个亲本之间17对具有父本特征条带的SRAP引物对"青薯7号(♀)"×"陇薯3号(♂)"杂交组合的50个杂种F1代进行子代真实性分子鉴定,初步判定所有杂种F1均为真实的杂交种。本研究结果可为马铃薯亲本的筛选及杂交子代早期鉴定提供理论数据和技术参考。 相似文献
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运用SRAP分子标记鉴定辣椒杂交种纯度 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3
摘要：以辣椒品种航椒4号和航椒5号及其亲本H09-4、H09-2、WS-3、B-2-2为试验材料,运用SRAP分子标记技术研究了辣椒杂种与其亲本之间 扩增条带的多态性,鉴定和分析了航椒4号辣椒品种的真实性。结果表明,所试验的18对SRAP引物中有13对引物分别在2个辣椒杂交种和其亲本之间存在扩增条带的多态性,平均每个引物组合扩增的清晰条带数为23.5条,多态性比率为58.89%,其中有3条偏母型引物,2条偏父型引物, 2条互补型引物。用互补型引物DC1-EM9对航椒4号和航椒5号进行了各100粒种子SRAP鉴定,所测纯度分别为100%和97.3%,与田间纯度100%和98.9%非常接近,表明了SRAP分子标记技术是鉴定辣椒一代杂种纯度的有效方法,具有准确、可靠、快速的特点,在辣椒杂交种子纯度室内快速检测中有很大的应用前景。 相似文献
5.
《分子植物育种》2017,(7)
利用SRAP技术对12个柱花草品种进行鉴定分析,结果表明:18对引物共检测出98个位点,95个是多态性位点,多态性百分率为96.30%,扩增范围为150~2 000 bp,遗传相似性系数范围为0.398~0.969,平均值为0.756。采用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,在遗传相似性系数为0.652处,可将12份柱花草品种分为两大类群,第一类包括维拉诺柱花草和西卡柱花草2份材料,这一类属于非圭亚那柱花草;第二类群包括热研2号柱花草、热研5号柱花草、热研7号柱花草、热研10号柱花草、热研13号柱花草、热引18号柱花草、热研20号柱花草、热研21号柱花草、907柱花草和格拉姆柱花草,这一类群全都属于圭亚那柱花草。 相似文献
6.
结缕草属植物杂交后代的SRAP分子标记鉴定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
相关序列扩增多态性（sequence—related amplified polymorphism,SRAP）是基于PCR技术的一种新型分子标记技术。本文通过SRAP分子标记技术对结缕草属植物种间杂交的5个组合44份杂交后代进行了真假杂种的鉴定,拟为杂交后代的进一步研究奠定基础。首先通过5个杂交组合的亲本材料分别筛选10对SRAP引物组合,然后应用具有父本特征带的多态性引物组合对各个杂交组合亲本及其所有后代进行PCR扩增、电泳。结果表明,5个杂交组合的44个杂交后代中有39个后代具有父本特征带,被鉴定为真杂种,其余5个后代因不具有父本特征带,被鉴定为自交种。杂种真实性的鉴定结果为杂交后代的进一步研究及应用奠定了良好的基础,本研究结果也表明SRAP分子标记技术是比较稳定可靠的标记系统,可有效应用于结缕草属植物杂种真实性的鉴定和遗传分析。 相似文献
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为获得理想的方法鉴定‘如玉5号’苦瓜杂交种子的纯度,以苦瓜杂交一代品种‘如玉5号’及其父母本为材料,利用RAPD(随机扩增多态性DNA)及SRAP(相关序列扩增多态性)2种技术进行其基因组总DNA指纹分析,以获得F1代杂交种与其亲本差异目的基因条带。经过对3种苦瓜新鲜幼嫩叶片总DNA提取,RAPD-PCR和SRAP-PCR扩增以及扩增产物的琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析,在供试的52条RAPD引物及144对SRAP引物中,共筛选出2对SRAP引物(Me2-Em9、Me3-Em8)能区分杂交种与其母本种子,1条RAPD引物(R10)能区分杂交种与其父本种子,通过SRAP(引物Me3-Em8)及RAPD(引物R10)2种分子标记技术对来自于河西走廊3地‘如玉5号’苦瓜种子进行检测,结合田间观察,结果表明,该方法成本低,操作简单,能很好地对‘如玉5号’苦瓜杂交种子的纯度鉴定。 相似文献
8.
SSR结合SRAP标记分析油菜菌核病抗性资源遗传多样性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了更准确、有效地揭示油菜资源遗传多样性,探索SSR和SRAP 2种分子标记在油菜菌核病抗性资源遗传多样性分析中的应用,采用40对SSR核心引物及陕西理工学院生物学院分子与遗传实验室筛选出的40对多态性高、条带清晰的SRAP引物,对陕西省汉中市农科所经过连续3年牙签茎秆接种试验结合多年的田间抗性表现筛选出的43份菌核病抗性较好的油菜材料进行遗传多样性分析,并对2种分子标记揭示的多态性条带数、多态性信息含量(PIC)进行比较。结果表明:2种标记共检测出634个条带,SRAP标记检测的多态性条带数(335)较SSR(287)高,而SSR引物的平均多态性信息含量(PIC)值较SRAP引物高,分别是0.76和0.69。在遗传相似系数0.67处,43份油菜材料被分为Ⅲ类,白菜型油菜(丰油10号白菜型选系)可较好地与甘蓝型油菜区分。主成分分析(Principal component analysis,PCA)、群体结构分析与聚类分析结果相似,说明SSR与SRAP标记结合能准确有效的反映油菜材料的亲缘关系。供试43份油菜材料遗传相似系数分布在0.65~0.81,表明遗传相似性较高,亲缘关系较近。因此,应进一步加强抗源筛选及引进,对现有材料进行遗传改良,拓宽其遗传背景,从而为抗菌核病油菜品种选育奠定基础。 相似文献
9.
甘蓝型油菜杂交种中雄性不育母本假杂种是影响种子纯度的关键。为了探索一种能准确鉴定油菜杂交种中母本假杂种的方法,利用CTAB小样法分别提取油菜F1杂种种皮和幼苗的总DNA,进而筛选种皮与幼苗的SSR谱带存在差异的引物,并用于鉴别杂交种制种样品中母本基因型假杂种。结果表明：F1杂种种皮的SSR电泳谱带与其母本相同,利用筛选到的多态性SSR引物对2个国审品种的6份杂交制种样品中母本基因型假杂种鉴定的结果与田间单株鉴定吻合率达98%以上,说明利用F1杂种种皮与幼胚存在多态性的SSR标记鉴定杂交种的母本基因型假杂种是可靠的。该技术方法可以克服目前油菜杂交种SSR纯度鉴定对亲本的依赖,为种子生产、管理和经营部门种子纯度质量的有效监控提供技术参考。 相似文献
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11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
14.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
15.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
16.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
17.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献