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1.
亚麻油对育肥猪生产性能及猪肉脂肪酸组成的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
试验旨在研究亚麻油(LO)对育肥猪生产性能及猪肉脂肪酸组成的影响。选用体重63 kg左右的健康大白猪84头,按体重相近的原则随机分为3组,每组设4个重复,每个重复7头猪。3个处理日粮为玉米-豆粕型日粮,分别添加0%、1.5%和3.0%的LO,试验时间50 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,日粮中添加LO对猪平均日增重无显著影响(P>0.05),但有降低平均日采食量(P>0.05)和饲料增重比的趋势(P>0.05);日粮中添加LO能显著提高猪背最长肌α-亚麻酸(ALA)、EPA以及n-3PUFA总含量(P<0.01),而对DHA、SFA和n-6PUFA含量无明显影响(P>0.05);日粮中添加1.5%和3.0%LO分别提高DPA 47.62%(P>0.05)和82.54%(P<0.05),分别降低花生四烯酸含量的26.12%(P>0.05)和15.29%(P>0.05),但两者间均差异不显著(P>0.05);日粮中添加1.5%和3.0%LO均显著降低二十二碳四烯酸含量(P<0.05),但两者间差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果提示,饲料中添加LO显著提高猪背最长肌ALA、EPA和n-3PUFA的含量,降低花生四烯酸和二十二碳四烯酸含量,对DHA含量没有显著影响;要将猪肉n-6:n-3PUFA降低到4.0以下需在日粮中添加3.0%LO。 相似文献
2.
《动物营养学报》2020,(6)
本试验旨在研究亚麻油对宁乡猪背肌和3种不同脂肪组织中长链脂肪酸谱的影响,并探究脂肪酸生成的潜在机制。选取日龄相近、平均体重(43.21±0.64) kg的宁乡阉母猪30头,随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复3头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加2%亚麻油,试验期56 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加2%亚麻油后,宁乡猪背肌中花生一烯酸(C20∶1)、γ-亚麻酸(C18∶3n-6)、α-亚麻酸(C18∶3n-3)含量显著提高(P0.05),花生四烯酸(C20∶4n-6)含量显著降低(P0.05);饲粮中添加2%亚麻油对3个脂肪组织中脂肪酸含量的影响与背肌趋于一致,如能显著提高背脂、腹脂和肾周脂中亚油酸(C18∶2n-6c)、C18∶3n-6、C18∶3n-3、二十碳三烯酸(C20∶3n-6)含量(P0.05),降低背脂和腹脂中油酸(C18∶1n-9c)(P0.05)、C20∶4n-6(0.05≤P0.10)及肾周脂中硬脂酸(C18∶0)含量(P0.05);同时,饲粮中添加2%亚麻油还能显著降低3种脂肪组织中n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)比值(P0.05),使3种脂肪组织中平均n-6/n-3 PUFA比值降到5.92。此外,饲粮中添加2%亚麻油能显著下调背脂中乙酰辅酶A羧化酶α(ACCα)、γ-过氧化酶活化增生受体(PPARγ)和脂肪酸去饱和酶2(FADS2)基因的表达(P0.05),对α-过氧化酶活化增生受体(PPARα)基因的表达也有抑制趋势(0.05≤P0.10)。上述结果表明,饲粮中添加2%亚麻油能显著提高宁乡猪背肌、背脂、腹脂和肾周脂中C18∶3n-3含量,使3种脂肪组织中平均n-6/n-3 PUFA比值降至《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》推荐范围(4～6)内;这可能是通过调控细胞分化及抑制脂肪酸从头合成途径实现的。 相似文献
3.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加亚麻油和微藻粉粕对鸡肉中脂肪酸组成和肉鸡生产性能的影响。选择288只21日龄罗斯308商品代肉用母雏,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只鸡。4组饲粮分别为对照组、3%亚麻油组、5%微藻粉粕组和5%微藻粉粕+3%亚麻油组,试验期3周。结果表明:各处理组对肉鸡末重、日增重和饲料增重比无显著影响(P>0.05)。3%亚麻油组肌肉组织中C18:3n-3、C20:5n-3和n-3PUFA显著提高(P<0.05),n-6/n-3显著降低(P<0.05),C22:6n-3水平则变化不大(P>0.05)。5%微藻粉粕组肌肉组织中C22:6n-3显著增加(P<0.05),n-6/n-3显著高于其他处理组(P<0.05),但n-3PUFA总量并无提高(P>0.05)。5%微藻粉粕+3%亚麻油组肌肉组织中C22:6n-3含量和5%微藻粉粕组差别不大(P>0.05),n-3PUFA和n-6/n-3则与3%亚麻油差别不大(P>0.05)。 相似文献
4.
为了研究在肉羊日粮中添加亚麻油脂肪酸钙和鱼油脂肪酸钙后对羊肉中ω-3系列脂肪酸(ω-3PUFA)含量的影响,试验采用单因素分组设计方法,将健康、体重相近[(30.2±2.2)kg]的无角道赛特(♂)×小尾寒羊(♀)杂交一代公羊15只随机分为3组,每组5只(全部单栏饲养),1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;2,3组为试验组,分别在日粮中添加40 g/d亚麻油脂肪酸钙和鱼油脂肪酸钙,进行为期30 d的饲养试验。结果表明:亚麻油脂肪酸钙能显著提高羊肉中的α-亚麻酸(ALA)含量(P<0.05),也能显著提高羊肉中的二十碳五烯酸(EPA)含量(P<0.05),使二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)含量略有提高(P>0.05);鱼油脂肪酸钙显著提高了肉中ALA、EPA和DHA含量(P<0.05);添加2种脂肪酸钙均可显著提高肉中ω-3 PUFA的总量(P<0.05);添加2种脂肪酸钙组羊的平均日增重、饲料报酬也得到了显著改善(P<0.05)。 相似文献
5.
本试验旨在探讨饲粮添加苜蓿草粉对育肥猪生长性能、肉品质、肌肉氨基酸和脂肪酸含量的影响。选择平均体重(60.28±0.73)kg的健康"长×大"或"大×长"二元育肥猪130头,随机分为5组,每组26个重复,每个重复1头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加5%、10%、20%和30%的苜蓿草粉。预试期7 d,正试期72 d。结果表明:1)5%苜蓿草粉组育肥猪的平均日增重(ADG)最高,增重成本最低。2)饲粮添加苜蓿草粉对育肥猪的肌肉p H45 m in、熟肉率、大理石纹和肉色无显著影响(P>0.05);与对照组相比,各苜蓿草粉组的肌肉p H24 h极显著降低(P<0.01);30%苜蓿草粉组的肌肉滴水损失显著低于对照组和5%苜蓿草粉组(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,20%苜蓿草粉组育肥猪的肌肉鲜味氨基酸(DAA)(天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸)、必需氨基酸(EAA)(蛋氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、亮氨酸、苏氨酸、赖氨酸)、组氨酸、精氨酸、酪氨酸、丝氨酸、脯氨酸及总氨基酸(TAA)含量显著提高(P<0.05)。4)随饲粮苜蓿草粉添加水平的增加,育肥猪的肌肉饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)含量逐渐减少,肌肉不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)、n-6 PUFA和n-3PUFA含量逐渐增加。与对照组相比,20%和30%苜蓿草粉组的肌肉M UFA、油酸含量显著降低(P<0.05),肌肉UFA含量显著提高(P<0.05);20%和30%苜蓿草粉组的肌肉PUFA、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、n-6 PUFA和n-3 PUFA含量均显著高于对照组、5%和10%苜蓿草粉组(P<0.05);肌肉n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA含量极显著低于对照组、5%和10%苜蓿草粉组(P<0.01)。综上,饲粮添加20%苜蓿草粉可使育肥猪的肌肉DAA、EAA含量以及PUFA中亚油酸、α-亚麻酸含量提高,n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA降低,有利于n-3 PUFA在肌肉中的富集,可以提高猪肉品质和营养价值。 相似文献
6.
亚麻油对育肥猪肉品质及脂肪组织脂肪酸组成的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究饲料添加亚麻油(linseed oil,LO)对育肥猪胴体指标、肉质及脂肪组织脂肪酸组成的影响.选用平均体质量为63 kg左右的健康大白猪84头(其中21头阉公猪),按体质量相近、性别比例一致原则随机分为3组,每组设4个重复,每个重复7头猪(1或2头阉公猪).3个处理口粮为玉米-豆粕型日粮,分别添加0%、1.5%和3.0%LO,饲养试验时间为50 d.结果显示,与对照组相比,日粮中添加LO对猪胴体和肉晶质指标均没有显著影响(P＞0.05);日粮中添加LO显著提高皮下脂肪的α-亚麻酸(ALA)(P＜0.01)、EPA(P＜0.01)、DPA(P＜0.05)含量,以及多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)(P＜0.05)和n-3PUFA(P＜0.01)总含量,同时显著降低花生四烯酸(P＜0.01)和二十二碳四烯酸(P＜0.01)含量,而对n-6PUFA总含量无显著影响(P＞0.05).结果表明,猪不但可以直接沉积α-亚麻酸,而且能将其进行进一步延长和脱饱和;饲料中添加1. 5% LO可将猪皮下脂肪n-6:n-3PUFA比值降至4.1:1,接近人类健康饮食推荐水平,而日粮中添加3.0%LO则能降低皮下脂肪n-6:n-3PUFA比值至2.5:1,大大增加了猪脂肪组织的保健价值. 相似文献
7.
产蛋鸡日粮亚麻油水平对蛋黄脂肪组成及脂质代谢的影响 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
选择54只50周龄健康海蓝褐壳蛋鸡,随机分成3组,每组6个重复,每个重复3只鸡,分别饲喂含0%、2%和4%亚麻油的日粮,研究不同亚麻油水平对蛋黄脂肪酸组成及脂质代谢的影响。结果表明:日粮亚麻油水平升高,肝脏和蛋黄中α-亚麻酸(ALA)、二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)等n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)的含量显著增加(P0.05)。与0%亚麻油组比较,2%和4%亚麻油组蛋黄的ALA分别增加8.33倍和18.18倍,EPA含量分别增加7.75倍和4.00倍,DHA含量分别增加5.95%和9.19%。表明蛋黄沉积脂肪酸与日粮脂肪酸组成有强相关。日粮中亚麻油脂肪酸的组成可直接反映在鸡蛋蛋黄沉积的脂肪酸上,在日粮中添加亚麻油,可获得富含n-3PUFA鸡蛋。 相似文献
8.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2015,(5)
为了研究年龄和育肥对苏尼特羊尾油脂肪酸组成的影响,试验从苏尼特左旗种羊场放牧群中选取当年、1.5岁和成年羊各6只,从育肥群中选取6只肥羔进行屠宰性能测定,同时采集尾脂样品、草场混合牧草和育肥饲粮样品分别测定脂肪酸组成。结果表明:1)放牧饲粮n-6PUFA/n-3PUFA(以下简称n-6/n-3)为2.205,低于育肥饲粮(8.779)。2)随着年龄的增长尾油中链饱和脂肪酸(P0.01)和C18∶0(P0.01)以及C4∶0等短链脂肪酸(P0.05)组成明显上升;相反,多聚不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)(P0.01)以及C18∶1c9(P0.01)和C18∶3(P0.05)组成则显著下降;同时n-6/n-3(P0.05)和S/U(P0.05)上升。3)育肥使苏尼特羊尾油中链饱和脂肪酸(P0.01)和C18∶0(P0.01)以及C4∶0等短链脂肪酸(P0.01)组成明显上升;相反,C18∶1c9(P0.01)和C18∶3(P0.01)以及n-3PUFA组成(P0.01)下降;同时n-6/n-3提高(P0.01)。说明放牧羊饲粮具有n-3PUFA营养特性,而育肥羊饲粮则具有n-6PUFA营养特性;苏尼特羊尾油C18∶1c9和n-3PUFA组成很高,而n-6PUFA组成相对较低,而且具有n-3PUFA营养特性,但年龄增长和育肥使其n-3PUFA营养特性明显降低。 相似文献
9.
不同油脂对填饲期朗德鹅生产性能、血清指标及肝脏脂肪酸组成的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同油脂对填饲期朗德鹅产肝性能、脂肪沉积、屠宰性能、血清指标及肝脏脂肪酸组成的影响。选取70日龄朗德鹅母鹅80只,体重为(3.0±0.1)kg,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复5只。鹅油组为对照组,饲粮中添加2%的鹅油;牛油组、鱼油组和菜籽油组为试验组,饲粮中分别添加2%的牛油、鱼油和菜籽油。预试期7 d,填饲期20 d。结果表明:1)菜籽油组和牛油组的肝脏重均显著高于鱼油组(P0.05),牛油组的肝体比显著高于鹅油组(P0.05)。菜籽油组和鹅油组的活重、全净膛重均显著高于牛油组和鱼油组(P0.05)。2)鱼油组血清甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)含量显著低于鹅油组(P0.05);菜籽油组血清LDL含量显著低于鹅油组(P0.05),且其血清总胆固醇(TC)含量显著低于牛油组(P0.05);牛油组血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量显著高于鹅油组(P0.05);牛油组、鱼油组和菜籽油组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性较鹅油组有不同程度的降低,但差异均不显著(P0.05)。3)与添加鹅油相比,添加鱼油显著降低了肝脏中总饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量(P0.05),显著提高了肝脏中不饱和脂肪酸(UFA)C16∶1、C17∶1、C18∶1n-9、C18∶2n-6、C18∶3n-3、C20∶1n-9、C20∶4n-6、C20∶5n-3、C22∶1n-9、C22∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3、C24∶1n-9及总UFA含量(P0.05);添加菜籽油显著降低了肝脏中总SFA含量(P0.05),显著提高了肝脏中UFA C16∶1、C18∶1n-9、C18∶2n-6、C20∶2、C22∶1n-9及总UFA含量(P0.05);添加牛油显著提高了肝脏中C18∶3n-3、C20∶5n-3、C22∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3及总多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量(P0.05)。由此得出,与添加鹅油相比,饲粮添加菜籽油或牛油时填饲期朗德鹅的产肝性能较佳;添加鱼油和菜籽油可增加填饲期朗德鹅肝脏中PUFA含量,降低血清脂质含量。 相似文献
10.
通过添加植物油(豆油和亚麻籽油)配制3种等氮但脂肪水平不同的日粮(Ⅰ组6%;Ⅱ组9%;Ⅲ组12%),研究其对罗氏沼虾生长、体组织常规组分及肌肉和肝胰腺脂肪酸组成的影响。选取质量(1.00±0.01)g的罗氏沼虾幼虾600尾,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复50尾虾,网箱饲养60 d。结果显示:Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组罗氏沼虾体重、增重、增重率、特定生长率显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。饲料系数则以Ⅰ组最高,且显著高于Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。日粮不同脂肪水平对罗氏沼虾全虾和肌肉中总水分、干物质中粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量均没有显著影响(P>0.05)。罗氏沼虾肌肉中亚油酸、亚麻油酸含量低于它们在肝胰腺中的含量,n-3 PUFA>n-6 PUFA;而花生四烯酸、EPA和DHA在肌肉中的含量高于其在肝胰腺中的含量,并且n-3 PUFA0.05);n-6 PUFA中,C18:2n-6(亚油酸)和C20:4n-6(AA)均无显著变化(P>0.05);HUFA含量随日粮脂肪水平增加递减,且Ⅲ组显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。肝胰腺中亚油酸(C18:2n-6)和亚麻油酸(C18:3n-3)含量逐渐增加,且组间差异显著(P<0.05),而SFA(C14:0、C16:0、C18:0)、EPA及DHA含量则明显下降(P<0.05)。结果表明,日粮脂肪水平对罗氏沼虾生长及肌肉和肝胰腺脂肪酸组成有显著影响。 相似文献
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脂肪酸钙在反刍动物中的应用及亚麻油脂肪酸钙的生产工艺 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
脂肪酸钙是一种新型高能饲料添加剂,是由脂肪和钙结合而成的保护性脂肪。目前大量研究表明,在动物日粮特别是反刍动物日粮中,添加脂肪酸钙可有效提高饲料的能量水平,进而提高动物的生产性能。选用富含多不饱和脂肪酸的脂肪,特别是富含亚油酸、α-亚麻酸的植物油制作脂肪酸钙饲喂奶牛可以提高乳脂中多不饱和脂肪酸含量,使生产出的奶不仅含丰富的蛋白质,而且有人体必需的多不饱和脂肪酸,为保健食品的开发生产提供了一条新的途径。亚麻油因含有丰富的亚麻酸和亚油酸(亚油酸12.7%、亚麻酸58.5%),常被用来制作成脂肪酸钙,用以提供不饱和脂肪酸。文章仅就脂肪酸钙在反刍动物特别是奶牛饲料中的应用及亚麻油脂肪酸钙的制作做一概述。 相似文献
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1. Two experiments were designed to study the influence of free fatty acid content and degree of saturation of free fatty acids and neutral fat on digestibility of added fats and fatty acids. Sunflower oil and tallow were used as neutral fats, and palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids as free fatty acids. Fat inclusion was 80 g/kg and mixtures of each fat and each free fatty acid were prepared in the proportions 100:0, 70:30 and 40:60.
2. Experimental diets were evaluated for fat and fatty acid digestibilities with broiler chickens at 21 d of age. The metabolisable energy of fat was calculated from the product of digestibility and gross energy. Increasing concentrations of saturated free fatty acids decreased the ME of added fat, whereas unsaturated free fatty acids did not significantly affect the ME value of added fat.
3. Digestibilities of individual fatty acids were analysed by linear regression with rate of inclusion of free fatty acid in the fat blend: palmitic and stearic acids gave a negative slope, whereas oleic and linoleic acids gave a slope not statistically different from zero. Because slopes for saturated fatty acids did not differ between the sunflower oil and tallow treatments, synergism between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids was not detected. 相似文献
14.
Background: A study was undertaken to examine the effects of poultry fat (PF) compared with those of soybean oil (SBO) on intestinal development, fatty acid transporter protein (FATP) mRNA expression, and fatty acid composition in broiler chickens. A total of 144 day-old male commercial broilers were randomly allocated to 2 treatment groups (6 replicates of 12 chicks for each treatment) and fed isocaloric diets containing 3.0% PF or 2.7% SBO at 0 to 3 wk and 3.8% PF or 3.5% SBO at 4 to 6 wk, respectively. Results: PF had no influence on intestinal morphology, weight, or DNA, RNA, or protein concentrations at 2, 4, and 6 wk of age. However, compared with SBO, PF significantly decreased FATP mRNA abundance at 4 wk (P=0.009) and 6 wk of age (P<0.001); decreased liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) mRNA abundance at 6 wk of age (P=0.039); and decreased C18:2 (P=0.015), C18:3 (P<0.001), C20:2 (P=0.018), Σ-polyunsaturated fatty acids (Σ-PUFA) (P = 0.020), and the proportion of PUFA (P<0.001) in the intestinal mucosa and decreased C18:2 (P=0.010), C18:3 (P<0.001), C20:2 (P<0.001), Σ-PUFA (P=0.005), and the proportion of PUFA (P<0.001) in breast muscle at 6 wk of age. Conclusions: PF decreases FATP and L-FABP mRNA expression and decreased the proportion of PUFA in the intestinal mucosa and breast muscle. 相似文献
15.
Background
A study was undertaken to examine the effects of poultry fat (PF) compared with those of soybean oil (SBO) on intestinal development, fatty acid transporter protein (FATP) mRNA expression, and fatty acid composition in broiler chickens. A total of 144 day-old male commercial broilers were randomly allocated to 2 treatment groups (6 replicates of 12 chicks for each treatment) and fed isocaloric diets containing 3.0% PF or 2.7% SBO at 0 to 3 wk and 3.8% PF or 3.5% SBO at 4 to 6 wk, respectively.Results
PF had no influence on intestinal morphology, weight, or DNA, RNA, or protein concentrations at 2, 4, and 6 wk of age. However, compared with SBO, PF significantly decreased FATP mRNA abundance at 4 wk (P = 0.009) and 6 wk of age (P < 0.001); decreased liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) mRNA abundance at 6 wk of age (P = 0.039); and decreased C18:2 (P = 0.015), C18:3 (P < 0.001), C20:2 (P = 0.018), Σ-polyunsaturated fatty acids (Σ-PUFA) (P = 0.020), and the proportion of PUFA (P < 0.001) in the intestinal mucosa and decreased C18:2 (P = 0.010), C18:3 (P < 0.001), C20:2 (P < 0.001), Σ-PUFA (P = 0.005), and the proportion of PUFA (P < 0.001) in breast muscle at 6 wk of age.Conclusions
PF decreases FATP and L-FABP mRNA expression and decreased the proportion of PUFA in the intestinal mucosa and breast muscle. 相似文献16.
挥发性脂肪酸在动物体内的作用 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
挥发性脂肪酸 (volatilefattyacids ,VFA)是碳链为 1～ 6的脂肪酸 ,包括乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、异丁酸、戊酸、异戊酸等 ,其中对动物体代谢作用最为重要的有直链乙酸、丙酸和丁酸 ,约占瘤胃发酵VFA总产量的 95 % ,乙酸是产量最大的VFA ,约占VFA总产量的 70 %～ 75 %。挥发性脂肪酸在不同动物体内其比例和数量不同 ,见表 1。表 1 食糜挥发性脂肪酸浓度及其中各酸比例绵羊瘤胃猪盲肠鸡盲肠总挥发性脂肪酸 (mmol/L) 1 1 91 8 2 1 0 7乙酸 (% ) 54 55 61丙酸 (% ) 2 5 2 7 2 7丁酸 (% ) 1 7 6 1 1长链脂肪酸 (% ) 4 2 1 注 :资料来源于… 相似文献
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Leonor Corrales-Retana Francesca Ciucci Giuseppe Conte Laura Casarosa Marcello Mele Andrea Serra 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(2):326-335
The omega-3 fatty acid (FA) enrichment of yolk is a key means one of the main objectives to improve the nutraceutical properties of eggs. We evaluated the effect of the dietary inclusion of extruded linseed fed to laying hens on the fatty acid composition of the polar and non-polar lipid classes of the eggs. Two groups of 36 Lohmann White Leghorn layers (65 weeks old) were each fed one of two different diets for a period of 12 weeks. The two diets consisted of a conventional cereal-based diet concentrate (C) and a diet concentrate containing 5% linseed (L). The inclusion of linseed in the diet increased the content of α-linolenic (C18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic (C20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic (C22:6n-3) acids in neutral lipids, while a concomitant decrease in arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6) was observed. As regards the polar fraction, the fatty acid composition was slightly affected by the dietary treatments except for C18:0 (+1.14 fold), C18:2n-6 (+1.23 fold), C18:3n-3 (+2.8 fold) and C22:6n-3 (+1.41 fold). Principal component analysis demonstrated that very long-chain FAs were more representative of polar lipids, except for C20:5n-3, while neutral lipids were characterized by dietary n-3 FA (C18:3n-3). 相似文献
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Fatty acids of the n-3 type confer health benefits to humans and other species. Their importance to equine physiology could include improved exercise tolerance, decreased inflammation, and improved reproductive function. The circulating fatty acid profile and the acquisition and washout of fatty acids in response to n-3 supplementation were determined for horses in the current study. A fatty acid supplement high in eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid was fed to deliver EPA plus DHA at 0 (control), 10, 20, or 40 g/d to 16 mares (n = 4/group) for 28 d. Plasma was collected at -11, 3, 7, 10, 16, 23, 30, 37, 44, 70, and 87 d relative to the beginning of supplementation. Plasma was analyzed for the presence of 35 fatty acids by gas chromatography. Plasma EPA and DHA increased (P < 0.05) in a dose-responsive manner by 3 d of feeding and reached peak concentrations by 7 d. Peak EPA and DHA concentrations of the 40 g/d supplement group were approximately 13x and 10x those of controls, respectively. Plasma EPA and DHA demonstrated a steep decline (P < 0.05) from peak values by 9 d after cessation of supplementation and were near presupplementation values by 42 d. Omega-3 supplementation also increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of fatty acids C14:0, C17:1n-7, C18:1trans-11, C18:3n-6, C18:4n-3, C20:3n-6, C20:4n-6, and C22:5n-3 and decreased (P < 0.05) concentrations of C18:1cis-9 fatty acid. Seasonal effects, apparently unrelated to supplementation and likely due to the availability of fresh forage, were also noted. Unlike ruminants, there were no detectable concentrations of CLA in equine plasma. These results indicate that the circulating fatty acid milieu in horses can be influenced through targeted supplementation. Possible implications of increased n-3 plasma and tissue concentrations on specific physiological function in the equine remain to be elucidated. 相似文献
20.
目前,人类婴儿低初生重的总肠外营养（TPN）研究表明脂肪乳剂对于新生儿的营养是合适的,但不是最佳的选择。人类和猪的脂肪酸代谢非常相似,目前的研究主要集中在脂肪乳剂如何在TPN的临床作用。不同组成脂肪酸对新生仔猪进行7d处理,对于靠母乳替代物的仔猪而言,对组织脂肪酸的组成存在影响。在脂肪乳中,不同比例脂肪酸或母乳替代物对应的血浆,骨骼肌、皮下脂肪、肝脏、心脏,胰腺,胃及小肠的总血脂或脑磷脂呈正态的线性关系,而后者相关性最低。除大脑外,组织中的油酸或α-亚麻酸的比例与对应的脂肪乳或者母乳替代物相关,而亚麻酸的比例与研完的组织密切相关。除脑磷脂外,omegaven组中仔猪组织的二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸含量更高。结论除大脑外,血浆脂肪酸组成以及仔猪不同组织受全肠外营养乳剂中不饱和脂肪酸形态的影响极大。然而,脑磷脂脂肪酸的组成受日粮组成的影响要小,表明在生长的关键阶段有效的代谢是确保脂肪酸组成的关键。 相似文献