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1.
Booroola羊Fec^B基因的遗传标记研究进展 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
从美利奴绵羊中衍生出来的Booroola羊携带增加排卵数和产羔数的一个常染色体突变基因（Fec^B）。基因效应对排卵数量是加性的，对产羔数是部分显性的。该位点已被定位到棉羊6号染色体上微卫星标记OarAE101和BM1329之间一个10cM区间内。正在开展限定紧密的侧翼标记的研究工作。 相似文献
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Booroola羊Fec^B基因图谱研究进展 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
从美利奴绵羊中衍生出来的Booroola羊携带增加排卵数和产羔数的一个常染色体突变基因（Fec^B)。该位点已被定位到绵羊6号染色体上。新西兰研究小组已经克隆了额外标记并且绘制了绵羊6号染色本和Fec^B位点的连锁图谱，还构建了绵羊的酵母人工染色体文库，并开始筛选文库来鉴别跨越Fec^B区间的大量DNA克隆。这些将被用来定位突变，并阐明突变如何增加Booroola绵羊的排卵数。 相似文献
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中国美利奴多胎品系绵羊BMPR-IB基因多态性与排卵数的相关研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
分析检测了中国美利奴多胎品系绵羊群体中BMPR-IB基因多态性分布与情期排卵数.结果表明:中国美利奴多胎品系绵羊群体中BB、B 基因型的情期排卵数平均为4.0和3.5个,中国美利奴单胎群体母羊情期排卵数平均为1.56个,BB、B 基因型比 基因型的母羊分别多排卵2.44(P＜0.01)和1.94(P＜0.01)个,表明该基因具有明显增加排卵数的作用,进一步确定BMPR-IB基因是影响中国美利奴多胎品系绵羊高产的主效基因,可以用于产羔数的标记选择. 相似文献
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Booroola羊多胎基因FecB的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
FecB基因位于Booroola羊的常染色体上 ,具有提高排卵率和产羔数等生物学作用。FecB基因已被定位在绵羊 6号染色体 6q2 3～q 3 1的狭窄区域内 ,并且已从分子水平上找到了控制Booroola绵羊排卵数的主效基因。关联分析表明 ,BM PR IB基因的突变与FecB基因的行为完全一致 ,证明BMPR IB基因是控制BooroolaMerino羊高繁特性的主效基因。文章阐述了近年来对FecB基因的研究进展。 相似文献
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该研究旨在分析绵羊GTF2A1基因g.89505005G>A位点多态性与产羔数之间的关系,以期寻找与绵羊产羔数有关的分子标记。针对前期利用基因组选择信号分析获得的候选基因GTF2A1及其g.89505005G>A位点,采用Sequenom MassARRAY SNP技术对产羔数存在差异的鲁中肉羊群体进行该位点的多态性检测,并与产羔数进行关联分析。结果表明:鲁中肉羊GTF2A1基因g.89505005G>A位点存在AA、AG和GG三种基因型,且以GG基因型为主;g.89505005G>A位点多态性与鲁中肉羊第1胎、第2胎以及第3胎产羔数均存在显著关联(P<0.05),AA型各胎产羔数均高于GG型(P<0.05)。综上,g.89505005G>A位点A等位基因可能是提高绵羊产羔数的一个潜在有效的DNA标记。 相似文献
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绵羊GTF2A1基因多态性及其与产羔数的关联分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(11)
本研究旨在探究绵羊GTF2A1基因g.89505005G>A位点多态性与产羔数之间的关系,以期寻找与绵羊产羔数有关的分子标记。基于前期利用全基因组选择信号分析获得的候选基因GTF2A1,采用Sequenom MassARRAY~?SNP技术对多羔和单羔的绵羊群体及产羔数存在差异的小尾寒羊群体进行g.89505005G>A位点多态性检测,并与产羔数进行关联分析。结果表明:GTF2A1基因g.89505005G>A位点存在3种基因型:AA、AG和GG,且基因型频率和等位基因频率在单、多羔品种间差异均达到显著水平;该位点在小尾寒羊、滩羊、苏尼特羊、萨福克羊、杜泊羊以及草原藏羊6个品种中均处于哈代温伯格平衡状态;关联分析表明:g.89505005G>A位点多态性与小尾寒羊第1、第2以及第3胎产羔数均存在显著关联,AA型各胎产羔数均高于GG型(P<0.05)。综上,A等位基因可能是提高绵羊产羔数的一个潜在有效的DNA标记。 相似文献
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以绵羊BMPR-IB基因为主效基因.以中国美利奴羊(新疆军垦型)多胎品系为研究对象,应用Genopro软件绘制多胎品系绵羊的系谱.记录母羊产羔数.采用PCR-RFLP方法对BMPR-IB基因进行基因型分型.分析多胎性状的分离规律,研究BMPR-IB基因型分布与以多胎性能为目标的品系培育的相关性.结果表明,在品系培育中,BMPR-IB基因的表型符合孟德尔遗传分离模式,增加绵羊产羔数由常染色体突变所致,BMPR-IB基因可以用于对绵羊产羔数的选择. 相似文献
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The variance and covariance components estimated from an experimental flock of Rambouillet sheep were used to predict response in litter size to direct and indirect selection. Indirect traits considered were ovulation rate and scrotal circumference. Ovulation rate was the most useful indirect selection criterion for genetic improvement of litter size. Expected response in litter size to indirect selection on ovulation rate was 93% as large as the expected response to direct selection on litter size. Selection based on an index of litter size and ovulation rate was estimated to produce 123% as much response in litter size as selection on litter size alone, and selection on an index of litter size, ovulation rate, and scrotal circumference resulted in 133% as much response in litter size as direct selection on litter size. 相似文献
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The variance and covariance components needed to estimate heritabilities of and genetic correlations among litter size, ovulation rate, scrotal circumference, and BW in a flock of Rambouillet sheep were estimated using REML via an expectation-maximization type algorithm. The heritability estimates from univariate analyses were .14, .21, .25, .36, and .15 for litter size, ovulation rate, scrotal circumference, 180-d BW of females, and 180-d BW of males, respectively, and average heritability estimates from bivariate analyses were .19, .20, .20, .34, and .10 for litter size, ovulation rate, scrotal circumference, 180-d BW of females, and 180-d BW of males, respectively. The genetic correlation between litter size and ovulation rate was near unity. Body weight in ewes had a moderate genetic correlation with both litter size (.22) and ovulation rate (.20) and a low residual correlation with both litter size (.03) and ovulation rate (.09). The genetic correlation between BW in rams and scrotal circumference was 0, whereas the residual correlation was .71. The genetic correlations of scrotal circumference with litter size and ovulation rate were -.25 and +.20, respectively. 相似文献
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Reproduction in Javanese sheep: evidence for a gene with large effect on ovulation rate and litter size 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
G E Bradford J F Quirke P Sitorus I Inounu B Tiesnamurti F L Bell I C Fletcher D T Torell 《Journal of animal science》1986,63(2):418-431
Three breeds of Javanese sheep are described briefly and data suggesting the segregation of a gene with large effect on ovulation rate and litter size are presented. The three breeds are Javanese Thin Tail (JTT), Javanese Fat Tail (JFT) and Semarang (SEM), the last possibly a substrain of JTT. All three breeds have mean mature ewe weights under 30 kg. Ovulation rate and litter size did not differ significantly among the three; all had litter sizes of up to 4 or 5 with a mean for mature ewes of approximately 2. Ovulation rate ranged from 1 to 5 and had an average within-breed repeatability of .8 within season and .65 between seasons. Within-breed repeatability of litter size was .35 +/- .06. Prenatal survival in pregnant ewes with two, three and four or more ovulations averaged 93, 88 and 86% over two seasons. Dams that had at least one ovulation rate or litter size record greater than or equal to 3 produced two groups of daughters in approximately equal numbers: one group with many records greater than or equal to 3 and mean ovulation rate and litter size of 2.73 and 2.31, respectively, and one group with ovulation rates and litter sizes of 1 or 2 and corresponding means of 1.39 and 1.38. Dams with ovulation rate or litter size records of only 1 or 2 produced daughters in which over 90% had records of only 1 or 2. Estimated heritabilities for the mean of approximately three ovulation rate or litter size records from these daughter-dam comparisons exceeded .7. These results suggest segregation of a Booroola-type gene, one copy of which increases ovulation rate by about 1.3 and litter size by .9 to 1.0. Relationships between duration of estrus and ovulation rate, and between timing of release of luteinizing hormone and number of eggs shed, resemble the pattern in Booroola Merino more closely than that in Finnish Landrace or Romanov, supporting the hypothesis of a major gene. 相似文献
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Direct selection for ovulation rate, uterine capacity, litter size and embryo survival and selection for indexes of ovulation rate with each of the remaining traits were simulated for a swine population. The relationships among these traits were determined from a simulation model that assumed that litter size was always less than or equal to both ovulation rate and uterine capacity. Heritabilities of ovulation rate and uterine capacity were assumed to be .25 and .20, respectively, and uncorrelated genetically and phenotypically. No additional genetic variation was assumed. Responses to weak selection pressure were simulated by recurrent updating of phenotypic variances and covariances combined with the heritabilities of ovulation rate and uterine capacity. Two indexes of ovulation rate and uterine capacity each resulted in 37% greater increase in litter size than direct selection for litter size. Indexes of ovulation rate and either litter size or embryo survival increased litter size by 21% more than direct selection for litter size. Selection for ovulation rate, uterine capacity or embryo survival was 6, 35 and 79%, respectively, less effective than direct selection for litter size. Responses to intense selection pressure were determined by direct simulation of genotypes and phenotypes of individuals. The two indexes of ovulation rate and uterine capacity exceeded direct selection for litter size by 39 and 27%. The indexes of ovulation rate and either litter size or embryo survival exceeded direct selection for litter size by 19 and 13%, respectively. Intense selection for ovulation rate or uterine capacity decreased selection response by 26 and 67%, respectively, relative to direct selection for litter size. Intense selection for embryo survival decreased litter size slightly. 相似文献
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The aim of this work was to evaluate the response to 10 generations of selection for ovulation rate. Selection was based on the phenotypic value of ovulation rate, estimated at d 12 of the second gestation by laparoscopy. Selection pressure was approximately 30%. Line size was approximately 20 males and 80 females per generation. Traits recorded were ovulation rate at the second gestation, estimated by laparoscopy as the number of corpora lutea in both ovaries; ovulation rate at the last gestation, estimated postmortem; ovulation rate, analyzed as a single trait including ovulation rate at the second gestation and ovulation rate at the last gestation; right and left ovulation rates; ovulatory difference, estimated as the difference between the right and left ovulation rates; litter size, estimated as the total number of kits born and the number of kits born alive, both recorded at each parity. Totals of 1,477 and 3,031 records from 900 females were used to analyze ovulation rate and litter size, respectively, whereas 1,471 records were used to analyze ovulatory difference, right ovulation rate, and left ovulation rate. Data were analyzed using Bayesian methodology. Heritabilities of ovulation rate, litter size, number of kits born alive, right ovulation rate, left ovulation rate, and ovulatory difference were 0.16, 0.09, 0.08, 0.09, 0.04 and 0.03, respectively. Phenotypic correlations of ovulation rate with litter size, number of kits born alive, and ovulatory difference were 0.09, 0.01, and 0.14, respectively. Genetic correlations of ovulation rate with litter size and with number of kits born alive were estimated with low accuracy, and there was not much evidence for the sign of the correlation. The genetic correlation between ovulation rate and ovulatory difference was positive (P = 0.91). In 10 generations of selection, ovulation rate increased in 1.32 oocytes, with most of the response taking place in the right ovary (1.06 oocytes), but there was no correlated response on litter size (-0.15 kits). In summary, the direct response to selection for ovulation rate was relevant, but it did not modify litter size because of an increase in prenatal mortality. 相似文献
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Integration of ovulation rate, potential embryonic viability and uterine capacity into a model of litter size in swine 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A mathematical model of litter size in swine was developed from ovulation rate, potential embryonic viability and uterine capacity. The model assumed that ovulation rate was reduced to potentially viable embryos by factors innate to the ovum and embryo. Potentially viable embryos then could be further reduced to uterine capacity, the maximum number of fetuses that a female can carry to term. Consequently, litter size can be no greater than either ovulation rate or uterine capacity. Means and variances of ovulation rate and potential embryonic viability used in the model were based on experimental results. The mean and variance of uterine capacity were varied until the simulated mean and variance of litter size were equal to experimental results. Simulated results of relationships among ovulation rate, embryo survival and litter size were similar to observed experimental relationships. Heritabilities of simulated litter size and embryo survival were similar to literature values when the heritability of ovulation rate was set at .25 and the heritability of uterine capacity was set at either .15 or .20. Litter size was simulated for 25 combinations of average ovulation rate and uterine capacity to develop equations relating mean ovulation rate and uterine capacity to litter size, embryo survival and correlations among them. Results suggest that changing either ovulation rate or uterine capacity independently will not result in large changes in litter size. Consequently, the model suggests that a single gene, hormonal manipulation or nutritional change will not result in large increases in litter size and that combinations of factors will be needed to increase litter size. 相似文献
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FecB基因是发现最早的具有促进排卵的多胎基因,自从在澳大利亚布鲁拉美利奴羊(Booroola Merino)上发现该基因以来,人们利用Booroola Merino开展了大量杂交试验,并在各国绵羊品种中相继开展了寻找FecB基因的工作,在基因多态性与母羊繁殖性状关联分析方面做了大量研究。文章从FecB基因的品种分布及对繁殖性能(排卵数、产羔数、繁殖规律)、肉用性能(生长发育、肉品质)和产毛、产奶等生产性能方面的影响进行了系统总结,并对该基因的利用提出了建议和展望。 相似文献
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SUMMARY Laparoscopy was used to estimate ovulation rate at first mating in 460 Large White/Landrace gilts. For 385 gilts which farrowed litter size was recorded and the relationships between age and mating, maternal litter size, ovulation rate and reproductive performance were examined. The mean ovulation rate of the gilts which farrowed was 10.9 ± 0.14 corpora lutea and the mean first litter size was 8.0 ± 0.12 piglets born with 7.5 ≥.± 0.13 born alive. Ovulation rate was related to first litter size (r = 0.29, P < 0.001) but embryo loss was the major factor determining litter size, accounting for about 58% of the variation. None of the variable examined at the time of mating was sufficiently correlated with litter size to be useful as selection criteria for improving reproductive performance. 相似文献
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R Abdoli P Zamani SZ Mirhoseini N Ghavi Hossein‐Zadeh S Nadri 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(5):631-637
Ovulation rate and litter size are important reproduction traits in sheep and are of high economic value. Reproduction traits typically have low to medium heritabilities and do not exhibit a noticeable response to phenotypic selection. Therefore, inclusion of genetic information of the genes associated with reproductive ability could efficiently enhance the selection response. The most important major genes affecting prolificacy and their genetic diversities in different sheep breeds were reviewed. Different causative mutations with major effects on reproductive traits including ovulation rate and litter size have been found in various sheep breeds around the world. A general overview of the studies on main prolificacy genes showed that some alleles may express different phenotypic effects in different breeds, and thus, further studies on epistatic effects are necessary for more understanding of genetic control of reproductivity in sheep. Regarding the polygenic control of fertility traits, application of new high‐throughput technologies to find new variants is essential for future studies. Moreover, genomewide association studies and genomic best linear unbiased predictions of breeding values are likely to be effective tools for genetic improvement of sheep reproductive performance traits. 相似文献
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Nine generations of selection for high ovulation rate were followed by two generations of random selection and then eight generations of selection for increased litter size at birth, decreased age at puberty, or continued random selection in the high ovulation rate line. A control line was maintained with random selection. Line means were regressed on generation number and on cumulative selection differentials to estimate responses to selection and realized heritabilities. Genetic parameters also were estimated by mixed-model procedures, and genetic trends were estimated with an animal model. Response to selection for ovulation rate was about 3.7 eggs. Response in litter size to selection for ovulation rate was .089 +/- .058 pigs per generation. Average differences between the high ovulation rate and control lines over generations 10 to 20 were 2.86 corpora lutea and .74 pigs (P less than .05). The regression estimate of total response to selection for litter size was 1.06 pigs per litter (P less than .01), and the realized heritability was .15 +/- .05. When the animal model was used, the estimate of response was .48 pigs per litter. Total response in litter size to selection for ovulation rate and then litter size was estimated to be 1.8 and 1.4 pigs by the two methods. Total response to selection for decreased age at puberty was estimated to be -15.7 d (P less than .01) when data were analyzed by regression (realized heritability of .25 +/- .05) and -17.1 d using the animal model. No changes in litter size occurred in the line selected for decreased age at puberty. Analyses by regression methods and mixed-model procedures gave similar estimates of responses and very similar estimates of heritabilities. 相似文献