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1.
无机稀土对仔猪生长性能及氮平衡的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验旨在通过仔猪氮平衡试验和饲养试验检测日粮中不同赖氨酸水平添加无机稀土的饲用价值。氮平衡试验选用９头健康杂交去势公猪，采用交叉设计，探讨无机稀土对仔猪氨平衡的影响。饲养试验选用４２头体重相近的健康杂交仔猪，公母比例相同，随机分为试验组和对照组，在相同日粮基础上添加无机稀土比较饲喂仔猪的效果。结果表明：本试验添加无机稀土和无机稀土＋高水平赖氨酸组对提高饲料的干物质消化率、粗蛋白消化率和蛋白质净利用率有一定效果。添加无机稀土组仔猪日增重提高５．３７％，饲料增重比降低４．３１％，较对照组每公斤增重可节省饲料０．０７２公斤，饲料成本降低０．１２元。但统计分析差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。因此，日粮中添加无机稀土添加剂饲喂仔猪是可行的。 相似文献
2.
丁酸甘油酯对断奶仔猪生长性能影响的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
试验以长×大二元杂交断奶仔猪为研究对象,探讨丁酸甘油酯对断奶仔猪生长性能和养分表观消化率的影响。饲养试验选用108头40日龄断奶仔猪,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6头猪,分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮+0.1%丁酸甘油酯和基础日粮+0.2%丁酸甘油酯,试验期28 d,试验结束测定各组平均日增重、平均日采食量以及料肉比;试验第3周开始进行消化试验,测定日粮中的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、能量的表观消化率。试验结果表明:饲料中添加丁酸甘油酯可以提高断奶仔猪的采食量和日增重,降低料肉比,提高了饲料报酬,而且对断奶仔猪饲料粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维和能量的表观消化率有改善作用。 相似文献
3.
本文旨在研究日粮不同消化能与可消化赖氨酸水平对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响.采用2×3因子设计,以消化能(3500 kcal/kg 与3400 kcal/kg)与可消化赖氨酸水平(1.10%、1.25%和1.40%)为两个主效应.选用288头23日龄断奶健康的杜X长X大三元杂交仔猪[初始体重(6.64±0.39)kg],公母各半,随机分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复8头猪,试验期14 d.结果表明:在本试验条件下,与低消化能水平相比,高消化能组显著提高了仔猪日增重(4.6%)和饲料转化率(8.9%)(P＜0.01),降低了日采食量(5%)(P＜0.01).日粮消化能水平对腹泻率无显著影响(P＞0.05).随着日粮赖氨酸水平的提高.断奶仔猪日增重也相应提高(P=0.04).高赖氨酸比低赖氨酸组日增重提高12.4%,饲料转化率也提高5.3%(P＜0.01).日粮赖氨酸水平对日采食量和腹泻率影响并不显著.消化能与赖氨酸互作对试验猪日增重、日采食量、饲料转化率及腹泻率交互作用不明显.综合考虑,日粮消化能水平为3500 kcal/kg,可消化赖氨酸水平为1.25%时,断奶仔猪发挥最大的生长性能,日增重最大,饲料转化率最佳. 相似文献
4.
本试验旨在探讨饲粮中不同粗纤维和赖氨酸水平对生长期豫南黑猪生长性能、血清生化指标及营养物质表观消化率的影响.试验选取162头体重为30 kg左右的豫南黑猪,采用3（CF：4％、5.5％、7％）×3（lys：0.75％、0.85％、0.95％）两因子交叉完全随机设计,共设9个处理,每个处理3个重复,每重复6头猪.通过测定其生长性能、血清生化指标及营养物质表观消化率,确定生长期豫南黑猪的最佳粗纤维和赖氨酸水平.结果表明：不同粗纤维和赖氨酸水平对生长期豫南黑猪平均日采食量（ADFI）、平均日增重（ADG）和料重比（F/G）均无显著影响（P＞0.05）;粗纤维和赖氨酸水平分别为7％、0.75％时,料重比最低（P＜0.05）;粗纤维和赖氨酸水平分别为5.5％、0.85％时血清中游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FREET3）水平最高（P＜0.05）.饲粮中添加粗纤维使营养物质表观消化率下降,但通过适量比例的粗纤维和赖氨酸的合理添加,对饲粮中能量、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、Ca和P的表观消化率无显著影响（P＞0.05）.上述结果提示,30～60 kg生长期豫南黑猪的饲粮适宜粗纤维水平和赖氨酸水平分别为7％和0.75％. 相似文献
5.
以可消化赖氨酸为基础配制猪日粮的试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
3组试验猪,每组60头,分别饲喂 A、B、C 三种日粮。日粮依次用豆饼、“豆饼+棉籽饼+血粉”和“豆饼+棉籽饼十菜籽饼+血粉”为蛋白质饲料。日粮粗蛋白和消化能水平相近,但总赖氨酸含量不尽相同,而可消化赖氨酸水平则一致。试验结果表明,3种日粮的饲养效果无显著差异(P>0.05),猪全期日增重(克)和料肉比分别为808、3.28;847、3.26和792、3.28。 相似文献
6.
《中国畜牧杂志》2017,(3)
本试验旨在研究银杏叶提取物(EGB)对断奶仔猪养分消化率、消化酶活性及肠道吸收能力的影响。将80头25日龄的杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复10头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加0.2%EGB。试验期为28 d。测定断奶仔猪养分消化率、消化酶活性和血清D-木糖含量。结果表明:与对照组相比,日粮中添加0.2%EGB可显著提高断奶仔猪对粗蛋白和粗脂肪的消化率(P<0.05),显著提高仔猪十二指肠、空肠和回肠胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶活性(P<0.05),显著提高仔猪血清D-木糖含量(P<0.05)。本试验表明,日粮中添加0.2%EGB可提高断奶仔猪对营养物质的消化吸收能力。 相似文献
7.
为了探讨大豆活性肽对仔猪生长性能、血液指标及氧化应激参数的影响,试验选取仔猪48头,随机分为2组,每组设3个重复,每重复8头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂用大豆活性肽替代2%豆粕的日粮。结果:添加2%大豆活性肽,20 d时,显著提高了仔猪粗脂肪、粗蛋白的消化率(P<0.05);血清总蛋白(TP)、血清白蛋白(ALB)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平略高于对照组;50 d时,大豆活性肽显著提高了仔猪干物质、粗灰分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、粗纤维的消化率(P<0.05),而且总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及TP水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05);全程试验组日增重均显著的高于对照组,料重比、腹泻率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),然而对尿素氮(BUN)和甘油三脂(TG)影响不明显。 相似文献
8.
《饲料研究》2014,(23)
研究饲喂不同水平发芽小麦对断奶仔猪日粮蛋白质和氨基酸消化率的影响。选用40头体质量约20 kg苏钟公猪,随机分为4组,即对照组(PC组)饲喂基础日粮,试验组T1、T2和T3组分别用20%、30%和40%发芽小麦同等营养水平下替代全价日粮中玉米和豆粕,采用内源指示剂法(AIA)进行消化试验。试验结果表明:仔猪饲喂发芽小麦显著提高饲料中蛋白质的消化率,T2组粗蛋白消化率达到93.46%,比PC组提高4.7%(P0.05);饲喂发芽小麦显著提高断奶仔猪对日粮中除组氨酸外的氨基酸的消化率,且组氨酸也呈增高趋势;除组氨酸和精氨酸外对大多数氨基酸T2组效果最佳,甘氨酸消化率提高程度最大,比PC组提高12.86%,赖氨酸其次,提高12.67%,最低为精氨酸,提高值也达到4.07%;从蛋白质和氨基酸消化率指标考察,断奶仔猪饲喂发芽小麦的适宜日粮比例为30%。研究结果为规模化养猪生产中利用发芽小麦来提高日粮氮素利用率和节约蛋白质饲料投入提供参考。 相似文献
9.
饲料中添加复合酶制剂对断乳仔猪性能及营养物质消化率的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本研究用96头冀合白猪杂交猪,测定了玉米豆饼型饲粮添加复合酶制剂对断乳猪性能和各营养物质消化率的影响。结果证明,可显著提高断乳仔猪日增重和饲料报酬,降低腹泻发生率,并以1％酶制剂组生产性能最高,0.5％酶制剂组每千克增重成本最低;添加复合酶制剂,可提高断乳仔猪粗蛋白、粗纤维和粗脂肪的消化率,无氮浸出物没有变化,肯定了蛋白酶和粗纤维酶的作用。根据本研究及仔猪消化生理特点,蛋白酶是断乳仔猪酶制剂配方首要考虑成分,其次是淀粉酶和糖化酶。 相似文献
10.
在一个28天的生长试验中,选择294头断奶后3天、初始体重14．9磅（6．76千克）的保育仔猪（PICTR4×1050）来评估标准回肠可消化（SID）赖氨酸水平对仔猪生长性能的影响。将仔猪分到6个处理中,每个处理7栏,每栏饲养7头仔猪。在第0、第7、第14、第21和第28天时对仔猪和料槽进行称重,计算平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比。采用两阶段饲粮体系进行饲喂,第0～14天饲喂处理饲粮,而第14～28天饲喂一种普通饲粮。所有饲粮都是粉状形式。6个SID赖氨酸水平分别为1．15％、1．23％、1．30％、1．38％、1．45％和1．53％。从第0～14天,当SID赖氨酸水平从1．15％提高至1．30％时,仔猪平均日增重和平均日采食量有所升高（二次趋势,P〈0．002）,从1．30％SID赖氨酸水平开始处于平台期,3个更高的饲粮赖氨酸水平没有带来额外的益处。随着饲粮赖氨酸水平提高,饲料利用率也有所改善（线性,P〈0．0001）。从第14～28天饲喂普通饲粮时,各处理仔猪之间的平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比无显著差异（乃0．36）。对于整个试验期（第0～28天）,从平均日增重和平均日采食量两个指标来看,第0～14天时饲喂1．30％SID赖氨酸的仔猪获得了最大的改善（二次趋势,P〈0．05）;然而仔猪全期料重比无差异（P〉0．11）。综上所述,15～25磅（即6．8～11.3千克,1磅=0．45千克）仔猪的SID赖氨酸需要量是1．30％或者3．86克赖氨酸／兆卡代谢能（1卡=4．18焦）。 相似文献
11.
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of different fermented soybean proteins and the apparent ileal digestible lysine levels on weaning pigs fed fermented soy protein (FSP)‐amended diets. In Exp. 1, 70 crossed piglets (6.25 ± 0.40 kg) were used in a 5‐week trial to evaluate two different FSP. In Exp. 2, 20 weaning barrows (6.15 ± 0.45 kg) were used in a metabolism trial to determine the effects of the apparent ileal digestible (1.2, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5%) lysine levels in weaning pigs fed FSP (5%) diet. In Exp. 1, pigs fed the diet containing Lactobacillus spp. FSP showed higher nitrogen (N) digestibility (P < 0.05), lower blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels (P < 0.05) than those fed the Aspergillus oryzae FSP diet. In Exp. 2, increasing dietary lysine levels increased the average daily gain, apparent dry matter, N digestibility, N retention and essential amino acids in the current study (P < 0.05), with the 1.5% showing the highest value. In conclusion, pigs fed Lactobacillus spp. FSP had a higher N digestibility than those fed A. oryzae FSP. The optimal apparent ileal digestibility lysine level in fermented soy protein diets (3550 kcal/kg metabolizable energy) for maximizing growth performance and N utilization in the first 7 days (6.25 kg) was 1.5%. 相似文献
12.
Nutritional strategies to cope with reduced litter weight gain and total tract digestibility in lactating sows 
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下载免费PDF全文 J. Álvarez‐Rodríguez L. Mir A. R. Seradj H. Morazán J. Balcells D. Babot 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2017,101(5):914-924
Twelve lactating sows were used to evaluate the effects of reducing dietary crude protein (CP) (14% vs. 12%) and increasing neutral detergent fibre (NDF) levels (18% vs. 22%) on litter performance, total tract apparent digestibility and manure composition in a 4 × 4 latin square arrangement during a 36‐day lactation period. Diets were isoenergetic (2.9 Mcal ME/kg) and had similar total lysine content (0.9%). In addition, a second aim was to compare a reference external marker method (Cr2O3) with an internal feed marker [acid‐insoluble ash (AIA)] for the calculation of apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients in lactating sows. The reduction of dietary CP level in lactating sows had no effect on either live‐weight or backfat thickness or apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients. However, the piglets' average daily gain (ADG) was reduced in low dietary CP diets, which suggests that sows reduced milk production due to an underestimation of certain essential amino acid requirements (e.g. valine). The increase of dietary NDF level did not affect sow and litter performance. Nevertheless, the total tract apparent digestibility of organic matter, CP and carbohydrates was reduced, and ether extract digestion was increased in high NDF compared to normal NDF diets equally balanced for ME and lysine content. The coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility of nutrients in lactating sows were greater when using AIA compared to Cr2O3 marker, regardless of dietary CP or NDF level, but their coefficients of variation were lower in the former than in the latter. In lactating sows, a trade‐off between litter performance and nutrient digestion is established when reducing dietary CP or increasing NDF levels while maintaining similar lysine content through synthetic amino acids and balancing metabolizable energy through dietary fat sources. 相似文献
13.
试验旨在研究日粮不同能量蛋白质水平和赖氨酸水平对5~10周龄扬州鹅生长性能的影响。试验采用3×4二因子设计,3个能量蛋白质水平分别为:10.83 MJ/kg、15%,11.29 MJ/kg、16%,11.75 MJ/kg、17%,其蛋白质能量比均约为14 g/MJ,4个赖氨酸水平分别为:0.65%、0.80%、0.95%和1.10%。结果表明:①日粮能量蛋白质水平对6、8、10周龄扬州鹅体重没有显著影响(P>0.05),日粮赖氨酸水平显著影响扬州鹅6、8、10周龄体重(P<0.05),但能量蛋白质水平和赖氨酸水平对其没有显著交互作用(P>0.05);②日粮能量蛋白质水平显著影响5~10周龄扬州鹅的平均日采食量和料重比(P<0.05),赖氨酸水平显著影响平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),能量蛋白质水平和赖氨酸水平对其没有显著交互作用(P>0.05);③中能蛋水平和最低赖氨酸水平下,5~10周龄扬州鹅可获得较佳生长性能。试验认为5~10周龄扬州鹅能量蛋白质和赖氨酸适宜需要量分别为11.29 MJ/kg、16%和0.65%。 相似文献
14.
早期断奶仔猪蛋白质及矿物质的营养需要 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
早期断奶仔猪消化道酶系发育尚未健全，胃内pH值升高，易发腹泻，低蛋白氨基酸平衡日粮可显著降低仔猪断奶后腹泻和提高仔猪的生长速度，第一限制性氨基酸，赖氨酸在日粮中的含量以1．65－1．80％为最佳，日粮中的蛋白质原料以动物性蛋白质为主，添加饲用酸化剂，脂肪，酶制剂和抑菌促生长剂都能提高全猪对蛋白质的消化率和减少腹泻发生，日粮中钙水平控制在0．58％－0．80％之，高铜日粮能提高猪的日增重和饲料效率，高锌和含砷制剂日粮能促进仔猪食欲，减少腹泻发生。 相似文献
15.
T. Mushtaq M. Sarwar G. Ahmad M. A. Mirza T. Ahmad M. Athar M. M. H. Mushtaq U. Noreen 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2009,93(2):253-262
The response of broiler chickens to two levels of endo‐1,4‐β xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) and endo‐1,3‐β glucanase (EC 3.2.1.6) combination (with and without), three levels of digestible lysine (0.8%, 0.9% and 1.0% with the applicability of ideal protein concept) and two levels of cottonseed meal (CSM; 20% and 30%) were evaluated in 2 × 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. A total of 2448 male Hubbard broiler chicks were fed on practical vegetable‐based mash diets having 2750 kcal metabolizable energy (ME) per kg and 18.5% crude protein (CP) from the age of day 1 to 42. The supplemental enzyme had minimum 1100 units of endo‐1,4‐β xylanase and 100 units of endo‐1,3‐β glucanase/kg of finished diet. The addition of CSM at 30% resulted in increasing arginine to lysine ratio. A decrease in dressing and breast percentages were observed by the addition of 30% CSM. The digestible lysine at 1.0% decreased the body weight (BW) gain and lowered the mortality during day 1 to 21 whereas the BW gain and feed:gain ratio were unaffected among the three digestible lysine levels during day 1 to 42. The antibody titres against Newcastle and infectious bursal disease viruses were improved with the increasing levels of digestible lysine. The enzyme supplementation improved the apparent ME and digestibility coefficient of nitrogen when it was used with 30% CSM. No effect of enzyme, lysine, CSM or their interactions was observed on serum iron, gizzard and liver weights or abdominal fat percentage. The results showed that increasing digestible lysine improved the antibody titre but did not improve the growth performance and carcass characteristics; supplemental enzyme failed to show any improvement in performance of birds fed on CSM‐based diets. 相似文献
16.
《动物营养（英文）》2019,5(2):115-123
We hypothesized that balancing the content of exogenous amino acids, especially lysine, to reduce protein content in swine diets could reduce nitrogen (N) pollution associated with animal husbandry. Two experiments (45 d each experiment) were performed on weaned piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, 28 d of age) to test this and to determine the optimal lysine to crude protein (Lys:CP) ratio in diet. In Exp. 1, 12 piglets (6 replicates [n = 6]) were fed diets containing different levels of CP (17% and 20%) but the same level of Lys. Increased CP content resulted in significant increases (P < 0.05) of average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and body weight (BW), but did not affect the feed to gain ratio. In Exp. 2, 24 piglets (8 replicates [n = 8]) were fed 1 of 3 diets as follows: 1) 20% CP with a regular Lys:CP ratio (6.23%, control); 2) 17% CP with a reduced Lys:CP ratio (6.14%, LL); or 3) 17% CP with a standard Lys:CP ratio (7.32%, SL). The ADG, final BW, serum concentrations of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1, villus height in the jejunum, and villus height to crypt depth ratio were the lowest in piglets fed LL diet, whereas blood urea N concentration was the lowest and the value of lipase activity was the highest in the piglets fed SL diet. The SL diet did not affect growth performance, intestinal morphology, or serum hormone concentrations, indicating that reduced dietary N with a high Lys:CP ratio can efficiently reduce dietary N excretion without negatively affecting weaned piglets. 相似文献
17.
选取28和35日龄健康杜长大断奶仔猪,研究日粮添加黑曲霉出发菌或变异菌对仔猪生长及日粮养分消化的影响。结果表明,黑曲霉变异菌株(ANO2)可提高仔猪的日增重和采食量(P<0.05),降低其料肉比(P<0.05);黑曲霉出发菌和变异菌均可以显著提高饲料中干物质和粗纤维的消化率(P<0.05),但对粗蛋白质、无氮浸出物和粗脂肪的消化率无显著影响;黑曲霉还可提高断奶仔猪肠道内纤维酶活性(P<0.05)。变异菌株的促生长效应要明显好于出发菌;变异菌可以显著提高仔猪肠道内总蛋白酶活性(P<0.05),但出发菌对仔猪的日增重、采食量和肠道总蛋白酶活性没有显著影响。这表明,利用N 离子注入诱变选育益生菌是可行的,其实际饲喂效果也是比较理想的。 相似文献
18.
I. Nochta V. Halas J. Tossenberger L. Babinszky 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2010,94(6):747-756
Several studies report that dietary mannan‐oligosaccharides (MOSs) improve the growth performance of piglets, however, only a few studies focus on nutrient digestibility. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of dietary MOS on ileal digestibility of nutrients and on N‐balance and growth performance of piglets weaned at 28 days of age. Three experiments were conducted: a digestibility trial with a total of 30, simple T‐cannulated piglets (Exp. 1), a N‐balance trial with a total of 48 intact piglets (Exp. 2) and a performance trial with a total of 324 piglets (Exp. 3). In Exp. 1 and 2, the same five dietary treatments were carried out by supplementing the basal diet with 0, 1, 2, 4 g MOS or with 0.2 g antibiotic growth promoter (AGP, Avilamycin) per kg of diet. In Exp. 3, three dietary treatments were used as follows: the basal diet was supplemented no additive, 2 g MOS or 0.2 g AGP (Avilamycin) per kg of diet. Dietary MOS (2 or 4 g/kg) enhanced the ileal digestibility of crude protein similar to antibiotics. Addition of 1 g/kg MOS significantly increased the digestibility of Ca and P by 8.4% and 7.7% units, respectively; however, further increment did not enhance the absorption. Addition of 1 or 2 g/kg MOS significantly increased the ileal digestibility of lysine, methionine, cystine and threonine with the same magnitude or even more than the AGP. In our study, MOS supplementation had no influence on N‐balance and growth parameters. Because of the better apparent ileal digestibility of certain nutrients, however, the protein, lysine, methionine, cystine, threonine, Ca and P contents of the diet can probably be reduced without weakening the rearing performance of piglets, when the diet is supplemented with 2 g/kg MOS. 相似文献
19.
赖氨酸采食量对早期断奶仔猪生长发育及胰腺内分泌机能的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
将55头21日龄断奶的雄性仔猪随机分为5组，各组仔猪饲喂赖氨酸含量为0．60％、0．80％、1．00％、1．20％和1．40％的试验日粮21d。42日龄结束饲养试验时进行葡萄糖灌注试验，观察赖氨酸采食量对早期断奶仔猪生长发育和胰腺内分泌的影响。结果表明：早期断奶仔猪体增重与赖氨酸采食量为强正相关，根椐体增重指标，21～42日龄阶段，仔猪的赖氨酸采食量不应低于3．16g／d，日粮赖氨酸含量不应低于1.40％。赖氨酸严重缺乏(采食量小于1．45g／d)时，胰岛素的分泌量下降，对高血糖应激的反应能力降低。 相似文献